spend-cost-take-pay-用法区别和练习

一spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构： (1) spend time money on sth. 在上花费时间（金钱）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。 (2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。二cost的主语是物或某活动，不用于被动。 可以表示“值”， 常见用法： (1)sth. costs (sb.) 金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 Practice:用spend和cost的适当形式填空：1. The house _ him $100,000 .2. It _ Jim $5 to buy the pencil.3. How much does the teapot _？It _ too much .We cant afford it.4. writing the composition _ him much time and patience .5. He_ much time reading .And he _ plenty of money on books.6. How long does the girl _ making tea?7. He is always _ .How much has he _ by now ,do you know?8. Where will you _ your holiday ?And how do you _ your spare time?9. He _ too much money on clothes and appearance last year.三take后面可跟双宾语， 常见用法有以下几种： (1) It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. Building this road _ them 3 years . (2)doing sth./ sth. takes sb. 时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 The trip took 2 hours .用take 和 spend 的适当形式填空：1. How much time does it _ them to complete the task ? 5 days.2. We _ much money making our dream come true .3. Cooking _me a bit of time for my sister helps with housework .4. How much time do you _ on films ?5. It _ two to make a quarrel .6. _ your time and do the job well .7. How long will this task _ you ? 四pay的基本用法是： (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. (2)pay for sth. 付的钱。例：I have to pay for the lost book. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。 (3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱Dont worry!Ill pay for you. 别担心， 我会给你付钱的。 (4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。 （5）pay money back 还钱。例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。 （6）pay off ones money还清钱。用pay (for) 和 spend ,take填空：1. How much time do you _ on the project ?2. How much money did you _ the shelf ?3. How much will you _ on the book ? $20 .4. How much time will repairing the bike _ ? 2 hours .5. He will _ plenty of money on this project .6. He will _ $1,000 for the project . 总结：take 一般用it做主语，例：it take sb sometime to do sth. spend 一般是人做主语，例：I spend an hour to finish my homework. cost表示某物值什么的（价值或钱）例：The shelf cost 200 yuan. pay一般是人做主语，例：I pay an hour to do my homework.习题：1、这件外套花费了我100元。几种不同的表达方式。2. They spend too much time the reportA. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write3. -What beautiful shoes youre wearing! They must be expensive ikspensiv -No，they onlyl0 yuanAspent Btook Cpaid Dcost4. -Will you please for my dinner Peter? -Sure!A. spend B. pay C. cost D.take5. It will me too much time to read this book.A. take B. cost C. spend D.pay6.Thissciencebook_meagreatamountofmoney. A.tookB.costC.usedD.spent1 It often _ about 3 hours to get to school from my home.2 Who will _ for the bill? Maybe our boss.3 The house _ him 30,000 dollars. Plenty of money _ _ on the house .4 His cousin _ the whole day making the toy car yesterday.( ) 1. -How do you come to school? -By bike. Taking a bus may _ much money. And walking _ too much time. A. take; pays B. cost; takes C. pay; costs D. pay; takes( ) 2. She usually_much time shopping in the supermarkets. A spends B costs C takes D pays ( ) 3. American students spend _ time _ homework than Chinese students. A. fewer, doing B. less, to do C. less, doing D. least, doing ( ) 1. This kind of computer _ too much. I cant afford one. (08泰州） A.takes B. spends C. pays D. costs( ) 2. It will _ us several years to learn a foreign language well. (09无锡) A. cost B. take C. spend D. use3. Since June 1st, 2008, when we want plastic bags in the supermarket, we have to _(付款) them. 4. He likes English. He spends lots of time _(read) it every day. (09宿迁)5. 昨天他花了10分钟乘公共汽车去动物园。(09淮安) It _ yesterday.6.How much did the dictionary_ you?1. It took Alice five minutes to finish reading the book. Alice five minutes reading the book.2. It took him 40 yuan to buy the book Harry Potter.He 40 yuan the book Harry Potter. He 40 yuan for the book Harry Potter.3. We spent 20 minutes cleaning the room yesterday.It 20 minutes the room yesterday.4. It took Jones half an hour to write a letter.(保持原句意思)Jones half an hour a letter.5. He spends about an hour a day doing his homework.It him about an hour a day his homework.6. We use two hours to do our homework on Sunday.We two hours our homework on Sunday.7. This pair of glasses cost me five pounds.（保持句子意思）I five pounds this pair of glasses.8. It takes four hours to travel from Shanghai to Singapore by air.(改为一般疑问句) it four hours to travel from Shanghai to Singapore by air?近期难点：一.用 so?还是such(a / an ) ?1._ good suggestion 2._ good suggestions 3._ fool (傻瓜)4._ smart 5._ much knowledge 6._valuable ad