一般现在时-将来时和现在进行时的讲解与练习

一般现在时、将来时和现在进行时的讲解与练习一般现在时一、一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实和普遍真理。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。二、一般现在时关键词always, usually, often, sometimes , seldom极少, hardly几乎不, never, every day(week, year, night), on Sundays, on Monday, in the evening, once/ twice/ three times a month每月一次/两次/三次三、一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数，即要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。四、一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2. 行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?3. 含有情态动词（can, must, will, shall, might, should.）的句子变化 陈述句：主语+ 情态动词+动词原形+其它 否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+其它 一般疑问句： 情态动词+主语+动词原形+其它+？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其它？ What can he do in the future?五、动词碰到第三人称单数时，要进行相应的变化: 动词+s的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks work - works2. 以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies carry - carries4. have - has现在进行时【概念】1.现在进行时： 表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态。构成：主语+be+doing【用法】肯定句：主语+ be+doing +其他.否定句：主语+ be+not+doing +其他.一般疑问句： Be+主语+doing +其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+be(am / is / are)特殊疑问句：疑问词(what how where when.)+be + 主语+doing+其它+？关键词：now, look , listen, at this moment一般过去时【概念】1.一般过去时: 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。构成：主语+动词过去式（+ed）【用法】肯定句：主语+动词过去式（+ed）+其他.否定句：主语+didnt +动词原形+其他.一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+did.否定回答：No，主语+ didnt关键词：last year / Monday /month., this morning, two days / three years .ago , in +过去的年份，just now, When I was 6 years old, once upon a time.2、规则动词的变化：一般动词 +edplanted,watered,climbed以不发音的e结尾 +dliked辅音字母加y结尾-y+ iedstudystudied, cry- cried重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母双写最后一个字母+edstop stoppedplan - planned3不规则动词过去式：原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式原形过去式sweepsweptteachtaughthave hadgowentkeepkeptthink thoughtdo didfindfoundsleepsleptbuy boughteat atesaysaidfeelfeltdrink drankis/am wastaketookreadreadgive gaveare weremeanmeantputputsing sangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbegin beganspeakspokemakemadeletletringrangwrite wroteseesawflyflewrun ranride rodecomecamedrawdrewsit sathearheardtelltoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/ learntgetgotknowknew一般将来时【概念】1.一般将来时: 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。构成：主语（任何人称和数）+will + 动词原形【用法】肯定句：主语+will +动词原形+其他.否定句：主语+will not （wont）+动词原形+其他.一般疑问句：Will +主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+will.否定回答：No，主语+ wont.【概念】2.由“主语+be （am; is ; are） going to +动词原形”来表示一般将来时。【用法】1. 肯定句：主语+be （am; is ; are） going to +动词原形+其他.否定句：主语+be （am; is ; are） +not+ going to+动词原形+其他.一般疑问句：Be（Am；Is；Are）+主语+going to+动词原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes，主语+be （am; is ; are） .否定回答：No，主语+ be （am; is ; are） +not.2. 虽然“will + 动词原形”和“be going to + 动词原形”都可以表示将来时，但两者还是有些区别的。下面例句中的will 和be going to 一般不可以互换。will可以表示“主观意愿”，或者表示“请求”；以及表示“不以人的意志为转移，自然发展的未来的事”，be going to侧重于表示“打算、计划、准备要做的事”；或者“根据某种迹象判断将要发生的事”。 名词的复习可数名词复数形式变化：（1）规则变化 1）一般变化， 在名词后加-s，如：bookbooks; bagbags 2) 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名面，加-es，如：busbuses; boxboxes; watchwatches; wishwishes; glassglasses 3) 以辅音字母加-y结尾的单词，变y为i再加-es，如：citycities; countrycountries; studystudies; familyfamilies 4) 以f或fe结尾的单词，有些将f或fe变为v, 再加-es; 有些只加-s : wifewives; knifeknives; wolfwolves; thiefthieves; shelfshelves; myselfmyselves; lifelives; halfhalves; leafleaves; roofroofs; chiefchiefs; beliefbeliefs; proofproofs; handkerchiefhandkerchiefs/handerchieves(手帕头巾)记住下面这首顺口溜，相信你就不会觉得难了。妻子（wife）持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)吓得发了慌；躲在架后(shelf)保己命(myself)， 半(half)片树叶(leaf)遮目光。 按：顺口溜中的黑体加粗字是小学阶段学过的九个以f(e)结尾的名词：wife(妻子)，knife(小刀)，wolf(狼)，thief(小偷)，shelf(架子)，self(自己)，life(生命)，half(一半)，leaf(树叶)。这九个词变复数时，都是改-f(e)为ve再加-s。由self构成的复合词，其变化与self相同(如：myselfourselves；yourselfyourselves；himself，herselfitselfthemselves)。5) 以o结尾的名词，有些加-s ，有些加-es。如： heroheroes; NegroNegroes; potatopotatoes; tomatotomatoes (两人两菜)photophotos; radioradios; pianopianos; studiostudios; bamboobamboos; zerozeros/zeroes; （2）不规则变化childchildren; footfeet; toothteeth; goosegeese; mousemice; manmen; womanwomen注意：由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式同上。EnglishmanEnglishmen; Frenchmanfrenchmen; 但GermanGermans(不是合成词)（3）单复数同形 deer; sheep; fish; Chinese; Japanese课堂作业 一按要求写出下列词的其它形式： 1. house _（名词复数） 2.play _(过去式) 3. make_ (过去式)4. orange _（名词复数） 5. draw_(过去式) 6.buy _ (过去式)7. brush _ （名词复数） 8. family _（名词复数）9. bus _（名词复数） 10.put _(过去式) 11. box _（名词复数） 12. baby _（名词复数） 13. class _（名词复数） 14. factory _（名词复数） 15.has _(过去式) 16. fly_(过去式) 17. watch _（名词复数） 18. woman _ （名词复数）19. go_ (过去式) 20. sing_(过去式) 21. wish _（名词复数） 22. German _（名词复数） 23. tomato _ （名词复数）24.forget _ (过去式)25. kilo _（名词复数） 26.run _ 27. build_ 28. Chinese _（名词复数） 29.spend _(过去式) 30. Japanese _（名词复数） 31. leaf _（名词复数） 32. American _（名词复数）33.sleep _ 34. tooth _（名词复数） 35. wife _（名词复数） 36. foot _（名词复数）37. win_(过去式) 38. sheep _（名词复数） 39. hear_(过去式)二单选。1. There are three _ and seven _ in the picture. A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps 2. June 1 is _. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 3. _ room is next to their parents. A. Kates and Joans B. Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan 4. Miss Green is a friend of _. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mary mothers D. mothers of Mary 5. Sheep _ white and milk _ also white. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are 6. Id like to have a glass of milk and _. A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 7. Many _ are singing over there. A. woman B. women C. girl D. child 8. He bought _. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe 9. Mr. White has three _. A. child B. children C. childs D. childrens10.Once upon a time, there_ a little girl and three bears. A were B was C are D is11.Who taught you English? My father_. A taught B teaches C was D did12._ he _ a good rest ? No, he didntA Have , had B Did, have C Did , had D Had, had13._do you play basketball? Three times a week. A How often B How much C When D Where14.Sandy _ to the Great Wall next Friday. A will go B went C is going D are going15.Listen! Your sister _. A smiling B smiles C smile D is smiling16._ he _some shopping tomorrow afternoon? A Will.does B Is.going to do C Is.doing D Shall.does17. If he _to college, he_ a lot more. A will gowill learn B will go.is going to learn C is going is going to learn D goes.will learn18. Dont talk with each other . The baby_. A sleeps B slept C was sleeping D is sleeping 19.Taiwan lies_ in the south of China. Japan lies_ the east of China. A in , on B in, to C on , in D on, to20.Please write a letter to me as_ as possible. I miss you so much. A soon B sooner C soonest D the soonest三用所给词的正确形式填空。1.He _( need) a pair of shoes.2.Jenny runs home and _( sit) on the chair.3.She _( not do ) her homework every day.4.Look at those old people. They are _and _( sing, dance)5.They all_(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.6.Did he _(have ) lunch at home?7.I _(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother_.8.The sun _(rise) in the east and _(set) in the west.9. Tom enjoys_(go) swimming in summer.10.You had better_(go) by bus, or you will be late.11.Tom will_(tell) Li Ming the good news as soon as he sees him.12.Last night, we_(not go) back home until the teacher left school.13.Would Mary like_( go ) to Shanghai with us?14.There _(be) a English text next Monday.15.Cant you see Im busy_(cook) ?四按要求改写句子。1.Did you do your homework last night? （作否定回答） _2，John went to see his grandmother once a week.(就划线部分提问) _3.Bill went to Guangzhou last month(就划线部分提问) _4. I went to Beijing five times last year (改为一般疑问句) _5.They can make good plane. (改为一般疑问句) _6. He is drinking tea under the tree.(改为否定句) _7.Mary always talks about the fashion show. (改为一般疑问句) _五阅读理解。A What is the best way to learn a language? We should remember that we learned our own language well when we were children. If we learn a second language in the same way, it will not seem difficult. Think of what a small child does. He listens to what people say and tries to imitate(模仿) what he hears. When he wants something he has to ask for it, he is using the language , talking in it all the time. If people have to use a second language all the time, they will learn it quickly. We learn our own language by hearing people speak it , not by seeing what they write. We imitate what we hear. In school , though you learn to read and write as well as to hear and speak, it is best to learn all the new words through the ear. You can read them , spell them and write them later.( ) 1. Everyone learns his mother language when he _. A was a kid B is a kid C was a man D is five( ) 2. A little child learns to speak by imitating_. A what people say B what people see C what people think D what people hear( ) 3. People can learn all language quickly if they_. A read and write it sometimes B ask for it C hear it at times D use it all the time( ) 4.It is best to learn new words through_first. A reading B listening C writing D spelling .( ) 5. What is the best way to learn a language? A Listening to what people sing B Imitating what people do C Using the language all the time D Both A and BB An old man owned a very clever monkey. He was fond of the monkey. The old man loved to sit under the big tree in his garden and sleep in the afternoon. When birds came into the garden and made noises , the monkey chased him away. He also chased away flies which were on the mans face while he was sleeping .One hot summer afternoon, the old man was asleep in his chair. A fly came and sat on the end of his nose. The monkey was sitting beside the old man. He saw the fly and chased it away from the old mans nose. Soon the fly returned. The monkey chased it away again. After a while , the fly came back and the monkey chased it , and this happened five or six times. Now the monkey was angry. He jump up and picked up