英语人教版八年级下册Present Perfect.ppt

现在完成时,Presentperfect,2,一、现在完成时的定义：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果（完成法）；或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态（未完成法）。,3,二、现在完成时的结构：have/has+v过去分词（done）,助动词,否定,haventhasnt,疑问,Haveyou?Hashe?,4,三、使用现在完成时的两种情况,（一）、过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果1.标志词：already（已经），once（一次），never（从不）,twice（两次），ever（曾经）,severaltimes（数次）just（刚刚）,before（以前）,yet（仍然）sofar(到目前为止)等。,5,havebreakfast,Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.,(现在我不饿),Imnothungrynow,now,past,Lucyhasreadthisnovelbefore.Myclassmateshaventfinishedthehomeworkyet.,6,1.I_already_(see)thefilm.I_(see)itlastweek.2._he_(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.Myfather_just_(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.4.SofarI_(make)quiteafewfriendshere.,2.练习,have,seen,saw,Has,finished,has,come,havemade,7,3.三个重点结构,havegoneto指去了某地还未回来eg.Mr.Liisnotatschool.HehasgonetoBeijing.havebeento以前去过某地，现在已经回来，常跟次数连用。（曾经去过）eg.IhavebeentoHongKongthreetimes.havebeenin去过某地并且在那里待了一段时间，常跟时间段连用。（曾经待过）eg.TheGreenshavebeeninChinafor10years.,8,Someexercise,用havegoneto,havebeento,havebeenin填空。1.-WheresLiMing?-He_theteachersoffice.2.-HowmuchdoyouknowaboutFrance?-Iloveit,andI_thisbeautifulcountrytwice.3.Franklikeslivinginbigcities,sohelefthishometown.He_NewYorkformanyyears.,hasgoneto,havebeento,hasbeenin,9,(二)、表示过去开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在，可能还将持续下去。,1.标志词:for+时间段since+时间点/时间状语从句（过去）in/duringthelast/pastthreeyears/weeks/months/days,10,Live这个动作过去（2004年）已经开始，持续到了现在，可能还将住下去,movedherein2004,Istilllivehere,Ihavelivedherefortwelveyears.,Ihavelivedheresince2004/twelveyearsago.,now,past,IhavestudiedEnglishsincelastyear.我从去年开始学习英语。Wehavebeenfriendsforfiveyears.我们已经是五年的朋友了。,11,1.她成为一名护士已经三年了。2.我五年前就认识李雷了。3.我来到这个学校后，他就一直教我。,Shehasbeenanurseforthreeyears.,IhaveknownLileisincefiveyearsago.,HehastaughtmesinceIcametotheschool.,2.练习,12,3.本知识点中应该注意的情况：在跟时间段连用的情况下，动词必须是可持续性动词。如果遇到的动词是短暂性动词，要做下列的转换：buy-haveborrow/lend-keepleave-beawayfrombecome-befinish-beoverreturn-bebackopen/close-beopen/beclosedbegin/start-beonend-beoverdie-bedeadjoin-bein/beamemberputon-weararrive-bein/atgetup-beup,13,不能说:*HehascometoBeijingfortwoyears.*Hehasboughtthatbookforthreeweeks.*HehasjoinedtheArmyforoneandahalfyears.*Hisgrandmahasdiedforninemonths.*Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.可以说:HehasbeeninBeijingfortwoyears.Hehashadthatbookforthreeweeks.Hehasbeeninthearmyforoneandahalfyears.Hisgrandmahasbeendeadforninemonths.Ihaventreceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.0,14,四、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身,与现在的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上的区别举例如下：Ihavecleanedmyroom.(Myroomiscleannow.)我已经打扫过我的房间了。Icleanedmyroomlastweek.(Ididitinthepast.)我上周打扫了我的房间。,15,注意:现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语(如:yesterday,last,year,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenshecamein等)连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如:already,yet,ever,never,sometimes,always,often,before,once,twice,recently,lately等)连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如：today,thismorning,thisweek,thisyear等)连用。,16,一、单项填空。1.I_heardofthatstorybefore.A.donthaveB.nothaveC.havenotD.nottohave2.Shesneverbeentothatfactory,_?A.issheB.wassheC.doessheD.hasshe3.Haveyoumadedumplings_?No,Ihavent.A.justnowB.yesterdayC.agoD.before4.Tom_illsincelastnight.A.wasB.isC.hasbeenD.be5.Howlonghaveyou_Nanjing?A.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.wentto,C,D,D,C,C,Exercise,17,6.HowmanytimeshasJim_thatpark?Twice.A.gonetoB.beentoC.beeninD.wentto7.Ive_thisdictionaryforhalfayear.A.boughtB.hadC.lendedD.borrowed8.Shewontgotothecinemathiseveningbecauseshe_thefilmbefore.A.hasseenB.sawC.seesD.isseeing,B,B,A,18,二、同义句1.MybrotherjoinedthePartylastyear.A.Mybrother_thePartysincelastyear.B.Mybrother_partymembersincelastyear.2.HeleftNanjingtwoyearsago.He_Nanjingfortwoyears.,hasbeenin,hasbeena,hasbeenawayfrom,19,3.Thatdogdiedlastmonth.Thatdog_sincelastmonth.4.Hehashadthebikefortwoyears.A.Twoyears_sincehe_thebike.B.Its_sincehe_thebike.C.He_thebiket