六年级上册英语语法讲义祈使句的用法牛津上海版(一起).doc

六年级上册英语语法讲义祈使句的用法牛津上海版（一起） 授课日期 时 时 间 主 主 题 祈使句的用法 学习目标 1 、 了解祈使句的基本类型及基本用法； 2 、 掌握祈使句的反义疑问句表达。 教学内容 1. 上次课后巩固练习 2. 预习思考 教学建议： 1、根据上节课预习思考的要求，让学生对自己所收集到的标识牌进行分享； 2、老师引导学生根据指示牌的内容进行分类，从而总结出祈使句的基本句型。 同学们，以下图片中的祈使句表达你知道吗？ 我们生活中在哪些场合下会用到祈使句呢？ Think about it! 一、基本概念 祈使句通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语 you(听话人)通常省略；谓语动词一律用原形；句末用惊叹号或句号；用降调来读。 二、基本分类 祈使句有肯定式和否定式两种： (1) 肯定式祈使句。它直接用动词（包括及物动词和不及物动词）原形作为句子的开头。例如： Be careful next time. 下次细心点。 Stop speaking! Listen to me, please! 别说了！请听我说！ (2) 否定祈使句。直接在谓语动词前加 dont，即Dont 十肯定式祈使句即可。 表示不要做某事，后面接动词原形。例如： Dont walk on the grass. 不要在草地上走。 Dont talk loudly in the library 不要在图书馆大声说话。 Don t turn left! 禁止左转弯！ 例句中 turn 的意思是改换方向，转弯，例如： Its time we turned and went back home. 我们该返回家去了。 She turned to look at me. 她转过来看着我。 高频考点: 祈使句+and/or+ 一般将来时的陈述句 1. more, and youll improve your spoken English. A. Speak B. Speaks C. Speaking D. To speak 2. Hurry up, _ you cant finish the work on time. A. and B. so C. but D. or 祈使无主语，u you 常被省去; 动原当谓语, 否定加 dont ; 。 朗读用降调，惊叹和句号。 肯定祈使句 否定祈使句 祈使句 Keys: AD 三、语法精讲 1 、 V 天王：V（代表行为动词原形）+ 宾语 + 其它成分。 最喜欢的一句话：Look after the twins today. 今天照顾一下这对双胞胎。 1 ） 类型 Do 型 2 ） 结构 V(代表行为动词原形)+宾语+其它成分 【例题精讲】 例 例 1.Close the window. 关上窗户。 例 例 2.Help yourself to some fish. 随便吃点鱼吧。 【巩固练习】 1. 喝杯咖啡吧！ 2. 全体起立！ 3. 去把手洗了。 4. 走路小心。 keys： Have a cup of coffee!/Stand up, everybody!/Go and wash your hands./Watch your steps. 2 、B 天王：Be + 表语（名词、形容词等）+ 其它成分。 最喜欢的一句话：Be quiet, please. 请安静！ 1 ） 类型 Be 型 2 ） 结构 B +表语(名词/形容词等)+其它成分 【例题精讲】 例 例 1.Be a good student!做个好学生！ 例 例 2.Be quiet! 安静！ 【巩固练习】 1. 亲爱的,高兴点儿! 2. 对人要和善. 3. 过马路时要小心。 4. 你一定要给我们写信. Keys: Be glad, dear./ Be kind to other people./Be careful when crossing the road./Be sure to write to us. 3 、L 天王 ：Let + 宾语（通常是第一、第三人称宾格）+ 动词原形 +其它成分。 最喜欢的一句话：Lets go. 咱们走吧。 1 ） 类型 Let 型 2 ） 结构 Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分 【例题精讲】 例 例 1.Lets go home!咱们回家吧！ 例 例 2.Let her in. 让她进来。 【巩固练习】 1. 让我们去学校吧! 2. 不要让猫进来。 3. 让他现在回去吧。 4. 既然大家都饿了，就吃点东西吧! keys： keys：Lets go to school/ Dont let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in Let him go back now. Lets have something to eat since we are all hungry. Lets go 4、D 天王 ：Dont + 动词原形 + 其它成分。（以后你们将会学到。） 最喜欢的一句话：Dont forget me. 不要忘记我！ 1 ） 类型Dont 型 2 ） 结构 Dont+动词原形+其它成分 【例题精讲】 例 例 1. Dont be late. 不要迟到。 例 例 2. Dont read in the sun.别在阳光下看书。 【巩固练习】 1. 不要把书放这儿。 2. 别再那样说了！ 3. 不要粗心。 4. 不要在会议室吸烟。 5. 不要担心,一切都会好起来的。 keys：Dont put the book here/Dont say that again! /Dont be careless./Dont smoke in the meeting room./Dont Let 型的否定式有两种： ： Dont + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分 Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分 如：Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 私家秘籍 worry, everything will be fine. 四大天王联合宣言：我们与句星公司祈使句终身签约。我们的形象永远和请求、命令、号召、劝告和建议联系在一起。如果大家喜欢我们，请在句末用感叹号或句号。 最后请记住这则顺口溜： 祈使句，无主语， BDLV（四种句型）是根基。 原形动词作谓语， 客气加上 please. 理 【知识梳理 4】 】 高频考点 1 ）祈使句+and/or+ 一般将来时的陈述句 2 ）三哥 let 型的反义疑问句 【例题精讲】 例 例 1. more , and youll improve your spoken English. A. Speak B. Speaks C. Speaking D. To speak Keys: A 例 例 2. Hurry up, _ you cant finish the work on time. A. and B. so C. but D. or Keys ：D 【巩固练习】 【课堂练习】 1.Choose the best answer. 1._ exercising, and youll be healthier. A. Keep B. To keep C. Keeping 2. I m worried about my English. _harder_ you will catch up with your classmates! A. Working; and. B. To work; or C. Work; and. D. Worked; or. 考察点：1.祈使句用动词原形 2.并列连词 and 和 or（否则） Lets包括听话者，Let us不包括听话者。用于反意疑问句时最明显。 Lets go to see the film, shall we? 咱们去看电影，好吗？（表征求意见或提建议） Let us go to see the film, will you? 让我们去看电影，好吗？（表委婉客气的请求） 3._ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there. A. Not B. not too C. Dont D. Dont to 4._ smoke here, dad. Smoking has been banned in public places. A. Dont be B. Dont C. Not to be D. Be not 5. -Im leaving now. -_ you turn off the lights. A. To make sure B. Make sure C. Made sure D. Making sure 6. _ sleep too late. It is bad for your health. A. Do B. Not C. Dont D. Please not 7. _ me the truth, or I wont let you leave here. A. Tell B. To tell C. Telling D. Told 8. _ hard and you will make progress in English. A. Work B. To work C. Working D. Worked 9. _, and you will succeed in the singing competition. A. Hurry up B. Take it easy C. Look out D. Be careful 10. - Dont forget to send him an e-card on his birthday. -No, I_. A. dont B. cant C. havent D. wont Keys ：1-5 ACCBB 6-10 CAABD 为 （此部分测试时间为 10 分钟左右，讲评时间为 10 分钟左右。对本次所学内容进行检测） 教学建议：此部分必须由班级学员合作完成。建议步骤为： 1) 在 8 分钟内学员独立完成测试； 2) 老师给出答案，学员相互批改； 3) 在 5 分钟内就错题学员间相互合作，讨论错题，保证每一位学员都懂； 4) 老师随机抽查，根据学生的整体表现给出此部分的班级得分（评分标准参考课堂激励评分标准） 1. -_ late for school next time. -Sorry, I wont. A. Dont be B. Dont C. Be 2.Please_ to return my book by Friday. Ill use it on Saturday. No, problem. Ill finish reading it on Thursday. A. dont forget B. not to forget C. not forget D. forget not to 3. Her doctor said: _ work so hard A. Stop B. Dont C. Cant D. No 4. _ when you cross the road. A. Do care B. Care C. Do be careful D. To be careful 5. _ him the secret, will you? A. Dont tell B. Not to tell C. Not telling D. No telling 6. _ in bed. Its bad for your eyes. A. Not to read B. Dont read C. Dont to read D. Not read 7. _your child. Well look after him. A. Not to worry about B Dont worry about C. Not worry for D. Dont worry with 8. _ me the truth, or I am not going to leave the room. A. Telling B. to tell C. if you dont tell D. Tell 9. _ late. It is your first day to go to school. You see, well begun is half done. A. Dont to be B. Dont be C. Not be D. Be not 10. _ the umbrella with you. Its raining outside. A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Takes Keys ：1-5 AAACA 1-10 BBDBC A. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage ( 选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) When someone asks me what business I am in, my face feels hot. I envy (嫉妒) people who can say that they are writers, bookkeepers and doctors. All these jobs speak for themselves. I really do make a living by 1 , and a good one, too. 1 can laugh like a king or like a school boy. It is a skill that 1 have learned, 2 the skill of mending shoes. Whenever and however laughter is needed I am asked to do it. I laugh like a bus driver or a shopkeeper. I laugh 3 , kindly and happily. I need hardly point out that a job of this kind is tiring. I spend most evenings in nightclubs. My job is to laugh during the 4 part of the show. My loud, hearty laughter must be timed carefully. It must not come too soon, but neither must it be too late. I go through life quietly. I can 5 the laughter of others. I can laugh in many different ways. But Im not sure that I have ever heard the sound of my own laughter. ( )1. A. laughing B. writing C. speaking D. working ( )2. A. at B. to C. by D. like ( )3. A. gladly B. sadly C. truly D. suddenly ( )4. A. weaker B. stronger C. more terrible D. more wonderful ( )5. A. get B. make C. copy D. have B. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words( 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) The giraffe(长颈鹿) is the t 1 modern land animal. It can be o 2 5. 5 metres tall. Its neck alone may be 1.9 metres long. Yet the giraffe has only seven bones(骨) in its neck, the same number as in the human, Even a small bird has many m 3 bones in its neck than in a tall giraffe. Each bone in a giraffes neck is very long, while the bones in a human neck are small. That makes the d 4 A female giraffe gives birth to one baby a 5 _ a time. The baby, called a calf, is about 1. 9 metres tall at birth. By the age of eight it is full-grown. The giraffe eats mostly leaves. Because it has a long neck, it can reach the leaves high up on the trees. 1. t_ 2. o_ 3. m_ 4. d_ 5. a_ Key: A: 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C B: 1. tallest 2. over 3. more 4. difference 5. at 教学建议： 1、老师引导学生针对达标检测错题进行反思和总结； 2、老师引导学生对精讲提升相关知识进行总结，可采用表格、思维导图等形式呈现。 祈使句，无主语 动词原形作谓语 客气加上 please 在 （此部分内容包含本次课所学内容相关的练习题及综合练习题。建议题量保持在 30 分钟左右可以完成的范围内） I. Choose the best answer. 1 .Her doctor said: _ work so hard A. Stop B. Dont C. Cant D. No 2. Cindy, _ to be here at 8 oclock A. is sure B. is sure that C. will be sure D. be sure 3._ when you cross the road. A. Do care B. Care C. Do be careful D. To be careful 4. _him the secret, will you? A. Dont tell B. Not to tell C. Not telling D. No telling 5. _ in bed. Its bad for your eyes. 祈使句的含义 祈使句四大天王 A. Not to read B. Dont read C. Dont to read D. Not read 6. _ your child. Well look after him. A. Not to worry about B. Dont worry about C. Not worry for D. Dont worry with 7. They are very tired. Why _ have a rest? A. not they B. do not they C. dont they D. not to 8. -You look rather tired. _ stopping to have a rest? - All right. A. Why not B. How about C. Why not to D. why dont 9. _ tell a lie. A. Hard B. Not C. No D. Never 10. Please _ look outside. Look at the blackboard. A. not B. dont C. arent D. cant 11. Why dont you join us in the game? The underlined part can be replaced by_. A. What not B. Why not C. Why to D. How to 12 _ go for the book alone, Ms. Zhang. A. Lets B. Let me C. Let us D. Allow Keys: 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5 .B 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.A 11.B 12.B A. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage ( 选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) Dear Tony, How was your day off? Did you have fun camping? I didnt have a very fun _ 1 _ . I visited my cousins. It rained all day. In the morning, I 2 in the house and watched videos, _ 3 _ computer games and read. In the afternoon, Uncle Martin put some of his old things out 4 and had a yard sale! Unfortunately, it was a little 5 . No one came to the sale because the weather was so cold. ( )1. A. game B. video C. day D. sale ( )2. A. put B. came C. jumped D. stayed ( )3. A. played B. did C. bought D. took ( )4. A. in the room B. in the yard C. at school D. at the cinema ( )5. A.exciting B. interesting C. funny D. boring B. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words( 在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给) Tom was driving home from the station in his car yesterday evening when he had an accident. He was driving along a main road a 1 _ 50 kilometers an hour when another car came out of a side road and hit his. There was a lot of damage to bot