电动汽车技术进展-FDG-马紫峰

电动汽车动力系统集成、分析及应用,SinopolyBatteryResearchCenterShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityzfma,马紫峰,马紫峰教授,中聚电池研究院院长国家973计划首席科学家上海交通大学特聘教授、能源研究院副院长上海市电化学能源器件工程技术研究中心主任中聚电池有限公司首席科学家、技术委员会主任中国化工学会储能工程专业委员会理事长,1996-1998年，中国科技部/联合国开发计划署（UNDP）“中国燃料电池汽车发展战略研究”项目中方专家，1997年科技部“燃料电池汽车技术”国际考察团成员2002年，国家863计划“质子交换膜燃料电池膜电极关键材料制造技术”项目组组长2007年，国家973计划“电动汽车蓄电（氢）体系基础科学问题研究”项目首席科学家2014年，担任国家973计划“基于超级电容器的大容量储能体系及应用”项目首席科学家2014年，国家自然科学基金委员会“石墨烯基电化学储能系统电极设计及其制造过程工程基础研究”重点项目组组长,车载储能：汽车工业技术变革的核心,氢能是可再生能源和用户的最好桥梁,氢可以将可再生能源的多余电力储存起来氢可以将风能的低质量电力变成优质电源氢能可以使风能免除电网份额的限制氢能可将再生能源的电变为汽车的动力,4,车载储能技术演变过程,汽车动力系统结构图,发动机（内燃机）,燃料罐,加氢机,汽油柴油酒精甲醇LNG,燃料来源,石油炼制与加工过程,燃料来源,未来汽车动力：能量多样性,ChallengeswithBatteriesandMotors,InternalCombustionEngine(ICE),HybridElectricVehicle(HEV),BatteryEV(BEV)FuelCellVehicle,Plug-inElectricHybridVehicle(PHEV),汽车技术存在问题与挑站,“电动汽车”是以蓄电池、燃料电池和超级电容器等电驱动的交通运输工具，电驱动化是汽车技术发展前沿,电动汽车：新能源汽车核心,PureEV,HEV,ElectricVehicle:Fromdemonstrationtocommercialization,来源：黄晨东，上海汽车集团捷能汽车公司；日本丰田汽车公司、甲醇研究所,Whydowechoicefuelcell?,Batteryimprovementsareexpected,butstill100Xlowerdensitythanliquidfuel.Hydrogenhassignificantlyhigherstoragedensitythanbatteries,Energystoragedensityisakeychallenge,Weight&VolumeofEnergyStorageSystemfor300mileRange,EnergyCarrierProperties:OnboardStorageWhyispetroleumthedominanttransportationfuel?,无线充电/WirelessCharging-WirelessPowerTransfer(WPT),Today,燃料电池电动汽车发展历程,燃料电池汽车动力系统,Zeroemissions&ZeropetroleumComparedtointernalcombustionengine:MorethantwiceasefficientComparablepreciousmetalcontentComparabledurability,range(300miles)andperformanceFastrefuelingwithin3minutes60%fewerpartnumbers90%fewermovingpartsColdandhotoperationcapabilityFamily-sizedvehiclesSynergywithrenewableenergysources,FuelCellBenefits,FromUNDPfeasibilitystudyprojecttoGEF/UNDPbusdemonstrationoperation(1996.10-2008.7),北京奥运会期间，20辆上海汽车集团开发了帕萨特领驭燃料电池轿车组成的国内至今规模最大的燃料电池示范运行车队。3辆燃料电池巴士在运行。,2008年7月28日2009年7月底，3辆燃料电池客车(801路）在北京示范运行。GEF/UNDP。其中2辆装载神力科技生产的燃料电池发动机,DuringShanghaiExpo2010,over196fuelcellvehicleshadbeenputintodemonstrationoperation.90fuelcellcars6fuelcellbuses100fuelcelltourers,DuringShanghaiExpo2010,over196fuelcellvehicleshadbeenputintodemonstrationoperation.90fuelcellcar6fuelcellbus100fuelcelltourer,30fuelcellcarwererunninginShanghaiExpoparkasVIPguestcar.Totaloperationrangeabout136,000kmfor26fuelcellcar。长安志翔(5辆)和一汽奔腾(5辆)and上海大众帕萨特领驭(20辆)。,上海交通大学、上海神力科技有限公司、苏州金龙客车有限公司和苏州创元科技有限公司联合设计制造“创新一号”燃料电池巴士,“创新一号”燃料电池巴士在上海交通大学建校110周年庆在闵行校园内运行,PerformanceofFCBus,Daimlerwantstomassproducefuelcellvehiclesby2012-15,SofarDaimlerhasbuiltover100fuelcellvehiclesthathaveaccumulatedover2.3millionmilesoftesting.Hyundaialsorecentlyannouncedthattheywanttobuildfuelcellvehiclesinthatsametime,Oct9,2010:DaimlerisnowacceptingordersfromcustomersinLosAngelesandSanFranciscotoleasetheMercedesB-ClassF-Cellhydrogenfuelcellcar.Thefirst5-15carswillbedeliveredinmid-December2010.Thepricepermonthtoleasethecar“maybe$600to800includingfuel.”,DaimlertobeginleasinghydrogenfuelcellcarinCaliforniainDecember2010,ToyotaAimsfor$50,000Fuel-CellCarby2015,May7,2010:Toyotasaysithascutthecostofbuildingfuel-cellvehiclesby90percentandcouldsellitsfirsthydrogenvehiclefor$50,000by2015,GMProjectDrivewayVehicleDeploymentRealWorldExperience,GMhasdeveloped100fuelcellvehicles.ThisfuelcellvehiclesarerunninginNY,CAandCTstateinUS.Fuelcelltechnologyisreadyforcommercialization.,UTCPowerTransitBusFuelCellSystemSetsDurabilityRecord,UTCPowerslatest-generationPureMotion(r)SystemModel120fuelcellpowerplantsforhybrid-electrictransitbuseshassurpassed10,000operatinghoursinreal-worldservicewithitsoriginalcellstacksandnocellreplacements.ThispowerplantisaboardanAlameda-ContraCostaTransitDistrict(ACTransit)busoperatingintheGreaterOakland,Calif.area.(August10,2011),ApplicationMapMeetingCustomerNeedsThereisnosinglesilverbullet,Battery&FuelCellTechnologiesarebothrequiredwithintheportfolio,Validatehydrogenfuelcellelectricvehiclesinreal-worldsetting,电动汽车发展技术瓶颈,氢电混合动力汽车技术挑战,续驶里程短动力性能较差运行寿命短成本高,DOEHydrogenandFuelCellsProgram美国能源部：氢能与燃料电池计划,Fuelcell(43)H2RA(2)Hydrogenproduction&delivery(28)Hydrogenstorage(29)ManufacturingR&D(3)MarketingTransformation(7)Safety,code&standard(13)Systemanalysis(9)TechnologyValidation(13),该计划设9个专题年度总经费约9000万美元资助项目147项,DOEVehicleTechnologiesOffice美国能源部：汽车技术运营办公室,该计划设9个专题年度总经费约20000万美元资助项目314项,AdvancedCombustionR&D(48)AdvancedPowerElectronics(21)ElectrochemicalStorage(82)Fuel&LubricantTechnologies(16)Materials(27)PropulsionMaterials(21)TechnologyIntegration(28)VehicleandSystems&Simulation(57)VehicleTechnologiesAnalysis(14),GATECenterofExcellence,AnalysisofOptimalOn-BoardStoragePressureforHydrogenFuelCellVehiclesHydrogenStationEconomicsandBusiness(HySEB)-PreliminaryResultsAnalysisofIncrementalFuelingPressureCostLife-CycleAnalysisofWaterConsumptionforHydrogenProductionPathwaysTri-GenerationFuelCellTechnologiesforLocation-SpecificApplicationsImpactofFuelCellSystemPeakEfficiencyonFuelConsumptionandCostPathwayAnalysis:ProjectedCost,LifecycleEnergyUseandEmissionsofFutureHydrogenTechnologiesEmploymentImpactsofInfrastructureDevelopmentforHydrogenandFuelCellTechnologiesElectricityMarketValuationforHydrogenTechnologies,电动汽车用低成本高密度蓄电（氢）体系基础科学问题研究Basicstudytoenergystoragesystem(H2&electricitystorage)withlowcostandhighpowerdensityforelectricvehicle(2007-2011)ChiefScientist:Prof.Zi-FengMa(ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity),基于超级电容器的大容量储能体系及应用（2014-2018）,氢气的制造,发酵或气化,CO2,生物质能,压缩或液化H2,电解水,风能,光伏发电,水利发电,煤制气、化工业金过程付产氢,氢气的输运与加注,氢气的输运与加注,Elasto-plasticstressanalysisandburststrengthevaluationofAl-carbonfiber/epoxycompositecylindricallaminates,Afterburst,Beforeburst,TemperaturerisingcharacteristicsduringH2fillingprocess,ACKNOWLEDGEMENT,国家科技部973计划国家科技部863计划国家自然科学基金委上海市科委UnitTechnologiesResearchCenter,USAU