外研版 Book 4 Module 1 Language points PPT

Module1,Module1LifeintheFuture,Languagepoints,Listentothewordsandexpressionsandreadafterit.,Words:alternative,prediction,risky,arrest,fire,limit,command,charge,switch,attachExpressions:forsure,relyon,runout,getridof,useup,onthewayout,Readandlearn,1.alternativeenergyalternativeadj.(两者或两者以上)选其一,非此即彼的。无比较级形式。常用thealternative表示“可供选择的办法或方案”。alternativelyadv.作为一种选择,我们有几个不同的选择。Wehaveseveralalternativestochoosefrom.Thewaywaslocked,sowehadtogobyanalternativeroad.Wecouldtakethetrainoralternativelygobycar.,2.Nooneknowsforsure,andmakingpredictionsisariskybusiness.predictionn.预测，预言makeaprediction/makepredictions作预测predictv.预言某事将发生,预报predictableadj.可预言的,可预报的,Theearthquakehasbeen_severalmonthsbefore.Doyoutakeseriouslyhis_ofagovernmentdefeat?Iknewyoudsaythat-youareso_.,predicted,prediction,predictable,riskyadj.危险的；冒险的ariskyundertaking一份风险大的事业Wemustntriskgettingcaughtinastorm.,riskdoingsth.冒危险;明知也要做,atrisk处于危险之中putoneslifeatrisk冒生命危险attheriskoflosingoneslife冒危险take/runarisk冒危险,3.willbecomeveryimportantasearthsnaturalresourcesrunout.,阅读下列句子，注意runout(of)在句中的意思及用法。1)OnourwaytoWashingtonyesterdayweranoutofgas.2)Weverunoutofmilk.Couldyoustopatthestoreonyourwayhome?runoutof意为“_”，表示主动意义，其主语一般是人，如句1-2。,用完,3)Imsorrytotellyouthatyourpassporthasalreadyrunout.4)Foodsupplieshadrunouttowardstheendofthetrip.,runout表示“用完，耗尽”时，相当于不及物动词，不用于被动语态，其主语多为物，如句4；还可表示“过期”，如句3。,表示“用完”的其它短语：useup后跟宾语，有被动语态；giveout通常物作主语(如：食物储备、耐心、钱、燃料)，无被动语态。如：Heisalwaysusinguphismoneybeforepayday.Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgaveout.,1.Imstillworkingonmyproject.Oh,youllmissthedeadline.Timeis_.A.runningoutB.goingoutC.givingoutD.losingout,2.Doyouthinkweshouldacceptthatoffer?Yes,weshould,forwe_suchbadluckuptillnow,andtime_out.A.havehad;isrunningB.had;isrunningC.have;hasbeenrunD.havehad;hasbeenrun,4.Wewillalsohavetorelymoreonrelyon依靠relyon+(n./pron./doing)e.g.1)Youcantrelyonhisassistance.2)Youdbetterrelyonyourself.3)Wecantrelyonhis/himcomingintime.,relyonsb.todosth.指望/依赖某人做e.g.YoucanrelyonPetertodowhateverhepromises.,5.Togetridofgarbageproblemsgetridof除掉,去掉,摆脱e.g.Howtogetridofthewastematerialsisabigproblem.如何处理这些废料是一个大问题。Hecantgetridofhisheadache.他的头痛老是不好。,练习:坏习惯一旦养成就很难去掉。Itisveryhardtogetridofitonceabadhabitisformed.,6.Policewillarrestcriminalsbyfiringnetsinsteadofguns.arrestv.逮捕；拘留,e.g.Thepolicemanarrestedthemanforspeeding.,beunderarrestplace/putsb.underarrest被逮捕,被拘留,成为囚犯,firen.火；失火；炉火；开火；热情,e.g.Dontplaywithfire.不要玩火。Animalsareafraidoffire.动物怕火。,_firebrokeoutlastnight.A./B.TheC.A,e.g.Theofficerorderedhismentofire.军官命令他的士兵开枪。Theenginewillnotfire.这台发动机发动不起来,firev.开火,启动,7.Nosmokingwillbeallowedwithinafuturecityslimits.,阅读下列各句，并试着总结limit在句中的含义及用法。1)Wemustlimitthespeedofthecarsinthisbusystreet.limit作动词，_，后接名词作宾语,限制，限定,2)Familiesarelimitedtothreefreeticketseach.limit作动词，限量，减量3)TheteachingofEnglishshouldnotbelimitedtowordsandgrammar.limit作动词，构成固定搭配：limitsth.tosb./sth.使（某事只在某地或某群体内）存在（或发生），常用被动形式,4)Thereisalimitto/ontheamountwecangetdoneintwoweeks.5)TheEUhassetstrictlimitson/tolevelsofpollution.6)Keepwithinthelimitsoftheschoolgrounds.limit作名词，主要含义和用法有：限度，限制，后常与介词_连用如句4；极限，限量，限额，如句5；境界，界限，范围，如句6。,to/on,拓展A)limitedadj.有限的，受（的）限制；limitlessadj.无限的；limitationn.局限性，不足之处B)timelimit期限，时间限制；withoutlimit无限地，无限的；setalimitto限制；thereisalimit/limitsto.是有限的；within(ones)limits适度地，有限度地，在一定范围内,用limit的适当形式填空。1.Weoughttoputastrict_ontheamountofmoneywecanspendontheproject.2.Marysleginjurywasa_onherwalks.3.Thereareonlya_numberofticketsavailable.,limit,limitation,limited,4.He_himselftotwoglassesofbeereveryday.5.Youcancomeandgowhenyouwantwithin_.,limits,limits,8.mand作名词，意为“命令，指挥，掌握，控制”，可用于下列结构：underonescommand在某人的指挥之下，在某人的命令之haveagoodcommandofsth.对有很好的掌握incommand(ofsth.)指挥,e.g.Giveyourcommandsinaloud,confidentvoice.Thearmyisunderthekingsdirectcommand.Maryhas(a)goodcommandofspokenEnglish.Hefeltfullyincommandofthesituation.,作动词，意为“控制，吩咐，命令”。作“吩咐，命令”讲时，可用于commandsb.todosth.结构，也可跟从句，从句谓语常用“（should）+动词原形”。e.g.Tomwastoldbythedoctortocommandhistemper(脾气).Theofficercommandedhismentofire.Theteachercommandedthatallthepupils(should)gatheratonce.,根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成下列句子,每空一词。Icommandyou_(马上开始).2.Whois_(指挥)thearmy?3.HesstudiedintheUSand_(精通英语).,startatonce,incommandof,hasagoodcommandofEnglish,9.willbeprovidedfreeofchargebythecity.,阅读下列各句，并试着总结charge在句中的含义及用法。1)Thereisnochargeforusingthelibraryatweekends.charge作名词，主要含义和用法有：_，,费用，价钱,2)YouwillreceivetheCDfreeofchargeifyoubuythecomputer.3)Theyoungmanwillfacethechargeofmurder.4)Hehaschargeoftheday-to-dayrunningofthebusiness.构成固定搭配：freeofcharge_，如句2；指控，控告，如句3；主管，责任，如句4,免费,5)Canyoutakechargeofthisclassplease,MissJones?6)DuringtheabsenceofMr.Liu,Iwillbeinchargeofthecompany.7)Thebusisinthechargeofthedriver.takechargeof负责管理/照顾，如句5；inchargeof负责，主管，如句6；inthechargeof由管，如句7。,8)Howmuchdoesthemanchargeyouforrepairingyourbike?charge作动词，主要含义和用法有：要价，收费，构成固定搭配：chargesb._sth./doingsth.收取某人的费用，如句8；,for,9)ThepolicehavechargedJackwithmurder.10)Myphoneisoutofbattery.Iforgottochargeitlastnight.charge作动词,指控，控告，构成固定搭配：chargesb._sth.指控某人犯罪，如句9；_，如句10。,with,充电,用charge的适当形式完成下列句子。1.Breakfastmaybeservedinyourbedroomatnoextra_.2.Therestaurant_us880yuanforabottleofwine.3.Mycellphoneisbeing_inanotherroomatpresentandIdidnthearthering.,charge,charged,charged,10.itwillbepossibletochangethecolourofcarsattheflickofaswitch.switchn.开关vi.交换,调换attheflickofaswitch轻轻一触开关switchon打开(电器)switchoff关上switchthelighton/off开/关电灯switchthediscussiontoanothertopic换一个讨论题目,11.usinghigh-techcamerasattachedtotheirhead.,阅读下列各句，并试着总结attach在句中的含义及用法。1)Canyouhelpmeattachtheredstringtomyarm?2)Iattachedaphototomyapplication(申请)form.,attach是动词，主要含义和用法有：系，贴，构成，固定搭配：attachsth._sth.把系/贴在上，如句1和句2；,to,3)Ourmiddleschoolisattachedtoafamousuniversity.attach动词,使附属，附加，构成固定搭配：beattachedto附属于4)Bothhisparentsattachgreat/muchimportancetoeducation.attach动词,认为有重要性（或有意义、价值、分量等），构成固定搭配：_，认为十分重要，其中的to是介词,attachgreat/muchimportanceto,5.Iwanttoattachacolourprintertomycomputer.attach动词,连接。,拓展:attachedadj.依恋，爱慕，附属于，所附的；attachmentn.附件，附加装置，连接（物），爱慕,从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Therewasanice