工业工程在美国汽车的应用

TheapplicationofindustrialengineeringintheFord,XXX,11级工业工程班,Hesaid,ItisworthTheUS.toboastaboutallovertheworldthatTheUS.hasIE,itisthereasonwhyTheUS.wintheWorldWar,andhasthepowerwinsWorldWar.SinceIEwasborn100years,itcreatewealthmorethanallthewealthcreatedsincetheRenaissance.,Dr.Juran,QualityManagementAuthorityofTheUS.,HistoryofFordMotorcompany,In20thcentury,HenryFordsfirstattemptatacarcompanyunderhisownnamewastheHenryFordCompanyonNovember3,1901,whichbecametheCadillacMotorCompanyonAugust22,1902afterFordleftwiththerightstohisname.TheFordMotorCompanywaslaunchedinaconvertedfactory(改装厂)in1903with$28,000incashfromtwelveinvestors,mostnotablyJohnandHoraceDodge(whowouldlaterfoundtheirowncarcompany).Duringitsearlyyears,thecompanyproducedjustafewcarsadayatitsfactoryonMackAvenueinDetroit,Michigan.Groupsoftwoorthreemenworkedoneachcar,assemblingitfrompartsmademostlybysuppliercompaniescontractingforFord.Withinadecadethecompanywouldleadtheworldintheexpansionandrefinementoftheassemblylineconcept;andFordsoonbroughtmuchofthepartproductionin-houseinaverticalintegrationthatseemedabetterpathfortheera.,HenryFordwas40yearsoldwhenhefoundedtheFordMotorCompany,whichwouldgoontobecomeoneoftheworldslargestandmostprofitablecompanies,aswellasbeingonetosurvivetheGreatDepression.Asoneofthelargestfamily-controlledcompaniesintheworld,theFordMotorCompanyhasbeenincontinuousfamilycontrolforover100years.,In1908Fordintroducedthefirstenginewitharemovablecylinderhead,intheModelT.In1930,FordintroducedtheModelA,thefirstcarwithsafetyglassinthewindshield.FordlaunchedthefirstlowpricedV8enginepoweredcarin1932.,FordofferedtheLifeguardsafetypackagefrom1956,whichincludedsuchinnovationsasastandarddeep-dishsteeringwheel,optionalfront,and,forthefirsttimeinacar,rearseatbelts,andanoptionalpaddeddash.Fordintroducedchild-proofdoorlocksintoitsproductsin1957,andinthesameyearofferedthefirstretractablehardtoponamass-producedsix-seatercar.TheFordMustangwasintroducedin1964.In1965Fordintroducedtheseatbeltreminderlight.,Withthe1980s,Fordintroducedseveralhighlysuccessfulvehiclesaroundtheworld.In1990and1994respectively,FordalsoacquiredJaguarCarsandAstonMartin.Duringthemid-tolate1990s,Fordcontinuedtoselllargenumbersofvehicles,inaboomingAmericaneconomywithasoaringstockmarketandlowfuelprices.Withthedawnofthenewcentury,legacyhealthcarecosts,higherfuelprices,andafalteringeconomyledtofallingmarketshares,decliningsales,anddiminishedprofitmargins.MostofthecorporateprofitscamefromfinancingconsumerautomobileloansthroughFordMotorCreditCompany.,TheapplicationofIE,leanproduction,Massproduction,Massproduction,Greatlyreducethecostofthecars(FordModelTfirstappearedin1908,itspricewas$850,in1926,itspricewas$290)Thesocialdemandsoared,andfurtherstimulatedtherapiddevelopmentofautomobileindustry.1903-thefirstyearproducedcarandproductionwas1700vehicles1908-FordModelTproduction-risingtotenthousandcars1914-assemblylinefullload-soaredto300000cars1923-itsoutputreached1900000units,accountingfor44%ofthetotaloutputofworldcars.,Laborproductivitywasgreatlyincreased.1908-514minutes(8.56hours)percar1913-2.3minutespercar1914-productionline1.19minutespercarTheworldautomobileindustryprogress-automobilecomprehensivepopularization,carsbecomedindispensablenecessitiesoflife.,FordModelT,Conclusion:itisrelyingonIEtocreatemassfloworganization,thecarindustrycandefeattechnologyandadvanceddesigncapabilitiesofEuropeancompanies.,TheUS.JapanAssemblingacar33hours14hoursManufacturingacarrosserie9.5hours2.9hoursManufacturingengine6.8hours2.8hours,AcomparisonofIEbetweenJapaneseandAmerican,Humanbeing,Plan,Plan,PeopleMaterialEquipmentEnergyInformation,JIT,Automation,IEinTheUS.Itpaysattentiontotechnologydriven,toachievethepurposethroughthe