综合英语4-Unit5ppt课件

.,TheTapestryofFriendship,Unit5,.,Warming-up,Doyoukeepintouchwithyourchildhoodfriends?How?Whatdoyouneedfriendsfor?,.,Whatsfriendship?,Alwaystreatingpeoplethewayyouwouldwantthemtotreatyou.,Alwayssmileandsayhellowhengreetingotherpeople.,Doingsomethinggoodforsomeonewhennooneislooking.,Alwaysliftupyourfriendsspiritswithpositivewordsandactions.,Alwaysbeingcourteous,pleasant,andnevermisbehave.,Alwaysrespectothersdifferences:gender,abilities,culture,race,andethnicity,Alwaysspeakandactgenuinely.,Youshouldassistotherswhentheyareinneed.,Donotbeafollower.Donotsacrificecharacter.,Alwaysshowconsiderationforothers.,Then,youwillhaveF.R.I.E.N.D.S.H.I.P.,F:FriendlyR:RespectI:IntegrityE:EncouragingN:NiceD:DiversityS:SincerityH:HelpfulI:IndividualP:Politeness,.,Whatcanfriendshipsgive?,ForfunTosharefeelingsTofindunderstandingandsupportTofeelneededandusefulTobeyourself,.,WhatMakesAGoodFriendship?,SharedInterestsSharedValuesTrustHonestyRespectCooperation,ReliabilitySupportUnderstandingSensitivityForgivenessTolerance,.,Lifeislikeanecho.Whatyougiveiswhatyouwillget.Whatyousendiswhatyouwillreceive.,.,Thekindsoffriendships,SameGenderMale-female,.,FriendshipbetweenWomen,Awomandidntcomehomeonenight.Thenextdayshetoldherhusbandthatshehadsleptoveratagirlfriendshouse.Thenmancalledhiswifes10bestfriends.Noneofthemknewanythingaboutit.,.,FriendshipbetweenMen,Amandidntcomehomeonenight.Thenextdayhetoldhiswifethathesleptoveratabuddyshouse.Thewomancalledherhusbands10bestfriends.Eightofthemconfirmedthathehadsleptover,andtwoclaimedhewasstillthere!,.,Abouttheauthor,EllenGoodmanSheisanAmericanoriginal.Herabundanttalents-intellect,wit,style,newsjudgment-setherapartwithanlanuniquelyherown.HerPulitzerPrizewinningcommentaryappearsinmorethan375newspapers.,.,EllenGoodman,isaBostonGlobeOnlinecolumnistandastylishwriterwithahumanizingtouchonanyissue,publicorpersonal.Sheiswidelyacclaimedasavoiceofsanity,andreadersdependonhertohelpthemmakesenseoftheirchanginglivesandrelationships.,Abouttheauthor,.,Aboutthetext,ThistextistakenfromClosetoHome,whichwaspublishedbyTheBostonGlobeCompany/WashingtonPostWritersGroupin1979.,.,Tapestry,Aheavyclothwovenwithrich,oftenvaricoloreddesignsorscenes,usuallyhungonwallsfordecorationandsometimesusedtocoverfurniture.,.,Tapestry,tapestrycarpet用染色经线织成图案的地毯tapestrysatin织锦缎Somethingfelttoresemblearichlyandcomplexlydesignedcloth:thetapestryofworldhistory.e.g.Suchstrangeeventsareallpartoflifesrichtapestry.这些怪事都是丰富多彩的人生的一部分。,.,Thepurposeofthetext,P69Ex.IThistextdistinguishestwokindsoffriendship:thatbetweenmenandthatbetweenwomen.,.,Structuralanalysis,Itcanbedividedintofourparts.,.,PartIparagraph1-2,Whatkindoffilmdidthewomanjustsee?Whatdidshethinkofit?,.,Girlfriends,ItisabelievablerelationshipstoryofayoungJewishwomanwhoistryingtomakeitonherown,copingwithwork,romanceandfriendshipatthesametimeandhastoacceptthemarriageofherbestfriendandroommate.Itseemedalmostrevolutionaryin1978whenitwasfirstreleased.Itisasmallmoviethatmadeabigsplashwithitsfocusonwomensinteriorlives.,.,slight,a.ofsmallimportanceoronsideration;trifling:slightmatters.微不足道小事notintheslightest:notatall,.,slight,1)她动不动就生气。Shetakesoffenceattheslightestthing.2)你一点也没使我为难。Youdidntembarrassmeintheslightest.,.,budget,n.theamountofmoneyneededoravailableforaparticularpurpose.afamilybudget家庭收支预算budgetplan分期付款vt.planthespendingofbudgetonestimebi.savemoney(foraparticularpurpose)budgetforthecomingyearadj.cheapabudgetdress,.,budget,我们精打细算就能买辆新汽车了Ifwebudgetcarefully,wellbeabletoaffordanewcar.,.,chase,n.Utheactofpursuingsomeoneorsomething.Afteralongchase,wecaughtthethief.,.,cosmic,1)relatingtotheuniversePhysicsisgovernedbycosmiclaws.cosmicbeing2)verygreatcosmicinfluencecosmicscandal,.,affecting,adj.inspiringstrongemotion:moving.Departureisanaffectingscene.1)他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。Shewasdeeplyaffectedbythenewsofhisdeath.2)这是一部关于一个病入膏肓的女人的感人戏剧。Itwasanaffectingdramaaboutawomanwithaterminalillness.,.,affectvt.,tomakesomeonefeelstrongemotionspassive,Wewerealldeeplyaffectedbythenewsofherdeath.,toinfluence;todosomethinginordertoproduceaneffectonsomeoneorsomething,effectn.,Thechangeinclimatemayaffectyourhealth,iebebadforyou.,.,pan,vt/i.swing(avideoorfilmcamera)tofollowanobjecttohaveanall-roundviewofit摇动（镜头）拍全景.Thecamerapannedslowlyacrosstothedoor.,.,Compare,panhowitwasrecovered;andhowitconnectedthelivesofthetwoyoungwomen.,.,PartIIparagraph3-6,1.Whydoestheauthorlistthemoviesthewomanhadseenthatyear?Todescribethewomansobservationoftheshiftoffocusofthecinema2.Whatdoestheauthordiscusstheshiftoffocusfor?Soastoadvancetheargumentforthedistinctionbetweenthetwotypesoffriendship:thatbetweenmenandthatbetweenwomen.,.,drastic,adj.adrasticremedy烈性的药物takedrasticmeasures采取果断措施激烈手段adrasticdebate激烈的辩论makedrasticchange做彻底的改变,.,buddy,n.CaclosefriendSynonym:chum,pal,.,flick,n.1)acinemafilm2)quicklightblow,withawhiporthetipofafingerByaflickofhiswhip,hedrovetheflyfromthehorseshead.3)quicksharpmovementHehittheballwithjustaflickofthewrist.v.,.,Hairflicking,.,Trendy,trendyclothes.Thetrendyrockgroupisonlyaflashinthepan.这个新潮摇滚乐队只是昙花一现。middle-agedtrendies赶时髦的中年人,.,casualtrendyformal,.,binge,n.Ifyougoonabinge,youdotoomuchofsomething,suchasdrinkingalcohol,eating,orspendingmoney.狂饮作乐1）ashortperiodwhenyoudotoomuchofsomething,especiallydrinkingalcoholaweek-endbinge周末狂饮,.,binge,2）excessiveindulgenceinanythingashoppingbinge抢购agamblingbinge赌徒aneatingbinge暴食Theywentonabingelastnight.他们昨夜出去狂饮作乐。,.,Paraphrase:,Thiswasntjustanotherbingeoftrendiness,butakindofcinemavrit.(para.4,line1),TheshiftoffocusfromMaleBuddymoviestotheFemaleFriendshipflickswasnotjustacrazytrendcateringtothenewfashion;insteaditreflectedtherealityofsocialchangesanddevelopments.,Thiswasntsimplyashiftfromonefashiontoanother,butatruthfuldescriptionoffriendship.,这不是潮流的变迁，而是对友谊的真实刻画。,.,Acrossmillionsofmilesofcelluloid,theidealoffriendshiphadalwaysbeenmale(Para.5,lines1-2),Innumerousmovies,theidealfriendshiphadalwaysbeenbetweenmen.,Paraphrase:,Metonymy:借代，换喻，转喻,Afigureofspeechinwhichonewordorphraseissubstitutedforanotherwithwhichitiscloselyassociated,.,ButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid神枪手与智多星,轻喜剧风格的西部片。两位主人公都是反英雄类的典型，是令人愉快的个人主义者。特别是保罗纽曼，自命不凡，永远乐观，从没杀过人，整天幻想着全世界的银行都已时机成熟待他轻取，实实的一个空想家。他与搭档神枪手罗伯特雷福德爱着同一个女人，他们最擅长的就是在打抢或逃亡时还一路诙谐打趣，这与传统西部片里的歹徒绝对两样。影片温情而饶有趣味，因纽曼和雷福德的表演而大放光芒。两位男星英俊迷人无疑是主要吸引力，但他们确实也得益于编剧威廉高曼的机智诙谐和导演的超一流水准。该片最终获得奥斯卡最佳剧本、最佳摄影、最佳音响、最佳音乐项大奖。人们把它推为首席非主流西部片,.,Cull,v.choosefromvarioussourcesinformationculledfromvariousreferencebooksextractsculledfromthebestauthors？佳作选段,.,anthropology,n.Thescientificstudyoftheorigin,thebehavior,andthephysical,social,andculturaldevelopmentofhumanbeings.,.,bond,v.toformaclosepersonalrelationship.Mostofthetime,smileisamessagewesendtootherpeople-communicatingjoyfuldisposition,awillingnesstobondandsoon.,.,Therehadbeensomethingalmostatavisticaboutthesevisionsofattachmentsasifproducersculledtheirplotsfromsomepopanthropologybookonmalebonding.(Para.5,lines3-5),Thesestoriesonmensfriendshipwerealmostlikebeinginheritedfromourgrandfathers.Itseemedthattheproducersofthesemovieshadselectedtheirstoriesfromsomepopularanthropologybooksonfriendshipbetweenmen.,Paraphrase:,.,primal,1)firstororiginal;primevalthelossoftheirprimalinnocence2)fundamental;essentialMoneywasaprimalnecessitytothem.对于他们,钱是主要的需要。Synonym:primary,chief,main,.,Moviesportrayedtheideathatonlymen,thosedirectdescendantsofhuntersandHemingways,inheritedaprimalcapacityforfriendship.(Para.5,lines5-6),Moviesgaveusanimpressionthatonlymen,theposterityofhuntersandHemingway,hadtheinstinctiveabilityofmakingfriends.只有男人那些猎手和海明威式人物的后代才继承了结交朋友的天性。,Paraphrase:,.,ErnestHemingway,oneofthemostfamousAmericanwritersofthe20thcentury.(novelsandshortstories)Butmanisnotmadefordefeat,amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated.,.,pickonsb.,choosesb(esprepeatedly)forpunishment,criticismorblameShetoldMomtheboyswerealwayspickingonher.Synonym:tease,bully,.,Thatdualitymusthavebeenmortallywoundedinsomeshoot-outattheYoureOK,ImOKCorral.(Para.6,lines1-2),Thetwosidesmusthavebeenmortallywoundedinthegunfireinthemovie.,Paraphrase:,.,PartIIIparagraph7-18,1.Whatsthefundamentaldifferencebetweenbuddiesandfriends?Theformeris-orientedwhilethelatteris-oriented.,action,emotion,.,PartIIIparagraph7-18,2.Whataretheconditionsofmenbecomingbuddiesandofwomenbecomingfriends?TheMaleBuddinessisbasedontheneedforco-operationintheactivitiesthatmenareengagedinorintheadversitytheyareconfrontedwith.Incontrast,theFemaleFriendshipbordersonlove,theneedformutualemotionalsupport.,.,borderon,1.benexttosthThetwovillagesborderoneachother.2.bealmostthesameassth:Theboysreplytohisteacherwasborderingonrudeness.那男学生回答教师的问话时态度近乎粗鲁.我兴奋的近乎于疯狂了。Iwasinastateofexcitementborderingoninsanity.,.,attachment,affection,devotionattachv.Idontattachanyimportance/significancetotheserumors.Noblameattachestoyouinthisaffair.这件事不怪你.feelastrongattachmenttoonesfamily十分恋家,.,adversity,difficulties,misfortune,hardship,disasterMr.Huanghasbeenagoodfriendtomeinadversityorinprosperity.Adj.adverse:unfavourable,contraryThedevelopmentwasadversetoourinterests.这种发展与我们的利益背道而驰。通往幸福的道路总是布满艰难困苦。Theroadtohappinessispavedwithadversities.,.,accessory,1.athingwhichcanbeaddedtosomethingelseinordertomakeitmoreusefulorattractive.Theaccessoriesofherdressaremoreexpensive.2.personwhohelpsanotherinacrimeShewaschargedwithbeinganaccessorytotheembezzlementoffunds.,.,throughthewarstogethercorporateorathleticormilitary?(para.10,line2),throughthecommercial,athleticormilitarystrivestogether一个男人曾经告诉过她，男人们只有一起在商场、竞技场或战场上竞争过才会成为真正亲密的朋友。,Paraphrase:,Theyhadtosoldiertogether.(para.10,lines2-3),Theyhadtostruggletogether.他们得一起坚持下去。,.,count.as,regardAasBTwochildrenundertheageoftencountasoneperson.Youvenogirlofyourown,youmustcountmeasyourdaughter.counthimasbeingveryreliable.,.,loathsome,adj.causinghatedordisguste.g.Hesaloathsomeman.loathtodosth:unwilling,reluctante.g.Iamloathtogoonsuchshortnotice.nothingloath:quitewilling;eagere.g.Heconsentedatonce,nothingloath.,.,confidence,(oftenpl.)asecretorprivatemattertoldtosomeoneunderaconditionortrust.e.g.Afrienddoesnotbetrayconfidences.朋友是不会泄露秘密的idiom:in(strict)confidenceasasecretImtellingyouthisin(strict)confidencesodontbreatheawordofit.Compare:confidentialfriendshangontoeachother.(para.11),Buddiesholdontogetherinfaceofadversity;friendsclingtightlytoeachotherforemotionalsupport.伙伴们一起坚持；朋友们相互依靠。,Paraphrase:,.,wretched,adj.inadeplorablestateofdistressormisfortune;Synonym:miserableTheirwretchedlifeconstitutesasharpcontrasttotheluxuryoftherich.Whatawretchedexistencethepeopleintheslumlead!,.,restraint,Hisragewasbeyondrestraint.他怒不可遏。Iamundernorestraintwhatever.我不受任何束缚。restraintoftrade贸易限制restraintonexportandimport限制进出口restrainv.,.,Babbitt,Anow-rarenicknamederivedfromtheSinclairLewisbookofthesamename;itcanbelooselydefinedasanuncultured,“square”,typicallymiddle-agedandmiddle-classbusinessmancharacterizedbytimidityandignoranceoftheirphilistinism(平庸).,.,ShehadrereadBabbittrecently,thatextraordinarycatalogueofmalegrievances.(para.16,lines1-2),RecentlyshereadthenovelBabbittagain.TothemaincharacterBabbittreadersmayhavealotofresentment.,catalogueof:aseriesof,catalogueoffailures,disasters,errors,Paraphrase:,.,TheonlyrelationshipthatgavemeaningtotheclaustrophobiclifeofGeorgeBabbitthadbeenwithPaulRiesling.(Para.16,lines2-3),Paraphrase:,GeorgeBabbittledaclaustrophobiclife.TheonlythingthatmadehislifemeaningfulwashisrelationshipwithPaulRiesling.唯有与保罗瑞斯林的关系才使乔治拉伯特幽闭的生活有了意义。,.,Para17,Whywasthewomanshockedbymensdescriptionoffriendship?BecausemensstandardofintimatefriendshipissodrasticallydifferentfromwomensthatundersuchcircumstancesasdescribedinParagraph17womenwouldnotcounteachotherasclosefriendsatall.,.,Whatdistinctions?,Buddy(male),Friend(female),inthereflectionofactsmoresignsandexpressionsoflove,bondedloved,faceadversitytogetherfaceeachother,dothingstogetherbetogether,linkedtoactivitiesaspecialcategoryforfriends,becomefriendsthrough“wars”aftersharingsomesecrets,buddieshangtoughtogetherfriendshangontoeachother,Keeptheworstfromeachotherfriendsconfess,buddiesseekapprovalfriendsseekacceptance,Inrestraint,dieforeach,neverhug,notmeetorcalloften,.,PartIVparagraph19,Inwhatwaysdobuddiesandfriendsdiffer?Buddiesarethoseyoucandothingstogetherwithinyourlifetime,butfriendsarethosewithwhomyoucansharerosesandthornsinyourlife.,.,Proverbs,Icannotbeyourfriendandyourflatterertoo.朋友不能阿谀奉承。Keepgoodmencompanyandyoushallbeofthenumber.近朱者赤，近墨者黑。Lifewithoutafriendisdeath.没有朋友，虽生犹死。Heisagoodfriendthatspeakswellofusbehindourbacks.背后说好话，才是真朋友。,.,Proverbs,Everythingisgoodwhennew,butfriendswhenold.东西是新的好，朋友是老的亲。Friendsagreebestatdistance.朋友之间也会保持距离。Friendsarethievesoftime.朋友是时间的窃贼。Thebestoffriendsmustpart.天下无不散之筵席。,.,Proverbs,Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.物以类聚，人以群分。Booksandfriendsshouldbefewbutgood.读书如交友，应求少而精。Chooseanauthorasyouchooseafriend.择书如择友。Evenreckoningmakeslongfriends.亲兄弟，明算账。（彼此无账友情久长。）,.,Ahedgebetweenkeepsfriendshipgreen.君子之交淡如水。Ajokenevergainsanenemybutlosesafriend.戏谑不能化敌为友，只能使人失去朋友Amanisknownbyhisfriends.什么人交什么朋友。,Proverbs,.,Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。Afriendiseasierlostthanfound.得朋友难，失朋友易。Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.需要之时方知友。Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.没有十全十美的朋友。,Proverbs,.,Metonymy,Definition:onethingforanother;associationFunction:brief,vivid,interestingExample:WhatislearnedinthecradleiscarriedtothegraveAthousandmustachescanlivetogetherbutnotfourbreasts.,.,Metonymy,Thepenismightierthanthesword.Hekeepsagoodtable.Shehastheeyeforthefairandthebeautiful.Thewolfandthepigmingledtogetherinhisface.Chinawon4goldsand5silvers.WedroveaFordtoHydePark.,.,Metonymy,Thisisthestrugglebetweenthekimonoandtheminiskirt.Itisapitythatthereismoreignorancethanknowledgeinthecountry.Shehasretiredfromthestagetoteach.,.,fairlyv.s.rather,相当、适中1.favorablev.s.unfavorablefairly修饰褒义(bravely，good，nice，well)rather修饰贬义(bad，stupidly，ugly)Tomisfairlyclever，butPeterisratherstupid汤姆相当聪明，而彼得就颇笨。Hewasfairlyrelaxed；shewasrathertense他很放松，而她就相当紧张。afairlyinterestingfilm一部相当有意思的电影aratherboringbook一本相当乏味的书,.,fairlyv.s.rather,2.approvalv.s.disapproval本身没有褒贬意义的形容词和副词如fast，slow，thin，thick，hot，cold等，之前加上fairly时表示赞许,而加上rather时表示不赞许。Thissoupisfairlyhot.（这汤还挺热）这意味说话人喜欢喝热汤。Thissoupisratherhot.（这汤太热了）就意味着说话人嫌汤太热了点。Thepartycametoanendratherabruptly(Imsorrytosay)Themeetingcametoanendfairlyearly.(Imgladtosay)Sheisfairlytallforherage.就她的年龄来说，她长得算是高了。Sheisrathertallforherage.就她的年龄来说，她长得过于高了。,.,fairlyv