英语倒装句(最全面

.,Grammar,Inversion,.,英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后（主语+谓语）。把谓语动词放在主语之前（谓语+主语）,就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前,叫全部倒装;如果只把助动词或be动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。,倒装句,句装倒,inversions,.,基本语序（naturalorder）：,主语+谓语+宾语（subject+predicate+object）,IloveEnglish.,谓语+主语,完全倒装(fullinversion),Herecametheheadmaster.,助动词/情态动词+主语+动词,部分倒装(partialinversion),NervewillIforgiveyou.,.,1.Thebellgoesthere.2.Thechildrenrushout.3.Asmallgardenwasinfrontofthehouse.,.,Helooked.Hewasabletolook.Hehadlooked.Helooks.Hecandothat.Heishandsome.Hedoesthosethings.Hehadntfinished.,.,一、完全倒装,1.Therebe结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等。,Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.,例题:_abeautifulpalace_thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD.Therestands;at,.,2，(1).在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。句式：副词vi名词主语,“Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,run)+主语结构。,Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Nowcomesyourturn.,如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装。如:Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.,.,(2).表示方向的副词out,in,up,down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如:,IncameMr.White.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Awaywenttheboy.,题：There_.Andhere_.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;issheC.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comeshe,.,注意：在上述句子中，如果主语为人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。Inhecameandbackhewentagain.,3.当表示地点的介词词组(如onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse,inthemiddleoftheroom等)在句首时。句式：介词短语vi主语（必须是名词）,如：Atthefootofthehillliesabeautifullake.Eastofthelakelietwotowns.Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier.,.,4.分词(代词)+be+主语结构。,Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.,题：_,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein_arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.GoneB.GoC.TogoD.Going,.,5，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强调表语.句式：表语系动词主语（必须是名词）,1)表语为介词短语AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.,2)表语为形容词PresentatthemeetingwereMrWhiteandmanyotherguests.,.,4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词Lyingonthefloorwasaboy.Standingbesidethedeskwasateacher.,3)表语为过去分词Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungpeople.,.,5.为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.Insidethepyramidsaretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueensandlongpassagestotheserooms.,强调状语,保持句子结构平衡,.,二、部分倒装,部分倒装是把be动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词do/does/did等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。,.,1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。,这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）,nosooner（立即）,bynomeans（决不），notonly,innoway（决不）,atnotime,few,not,no等,句式：“否定词/词组助动词/情态动词/be动词主语其他”。Notuntil+从句/时间状语+主句（部分倒装）。Nosoonerhadsbdonethan；Hardly/scarcelyhadsbdonewhen刚刚就Notonly+分句（部分倒装）butalso+分句（不倒装）注意：notonly置于句首but(also)部分不倒装，,.,1)Hardly_theairportwhentheplanetookoff.A.IhadarrivedatB.hadIarrivedC.hadIreachedD.Ihadgotto2)Haveyoueverseenanythinglikethatbefore?No,_anythinglikethatbefore.A.IneverhaveseenB.neverIhaveseenC.neverhaveIseenD.Ihaveseen3)Sheisnotfondofcooking,_I.A.soamB.noramC.neitherD.nordo,.,2.Only+状语（副词/介词短语/状语从句），位于句首,要部分倒装。,Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.(介词短语)OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofmath.(副词)Onlywhenthewarwasoverin1918washeabletogethappilybacktowork.(从句),注意：在only状语从句主句结构中，主句倒装，但从句用正常语序。only修饰主语，不倒装。,.,3.so或so引导的短语放在句首,前半部分倒装。,Isawthefilm,sodidshe.Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.,1)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand_.A.sodidCharlieB.CharliedidsoC.CharliedoessoD.didCharlieso2)Soloudly_that_hearherclearly.A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecouldC.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould,.,4.Notonly+分句,butalso+分句句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。,但notonly.butalso.连接主语时,不倒装。如:Notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenaresick.,如：_himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas,.,5、as/though(虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句。句式：名词形容词副词动词分词+asthough+主语+其他,如:AlthoughIamugly,Iamgentle.UglyasIam,Iamgentle.Thoughheisachild,hehastomakealiving.Childasheis,hehastomakealiving.,注意：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词,.,6.用于So/neither(nor)+be(have,助动词或情态动词)+主语+其他的句子,表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用soitiswith/Itisthesamewith,HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Tomcantanswerthequestion.Neither/NorcanI.,.,So+be/助动词/情态动词+主语某人也是如此Nor/neither+be/助动词/情态动词+主语某人也不是如此So+主语+be/助动词/情态动词某人确实如此,如：IhaveneverbeentoGuangzhouUniversity,neither/norhashe.我从来没有去过广州大学，他也是,.,7.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,had,should等词，可将if省略，把were,had,should移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。,（1）IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkhard.WereIyou,Iwouldworkhard.（2)Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldputoffourmeeting.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldputoffourmeeting,注意：我们可以说Wereitnot.或者Haditnotbeen.,但不可以说Werentit.或者hadntitbeen.,.,8.句首是表频率的副词及短语（often,well,manyatime,nowandagain,onceaweek,nowandthen,everyotherday等)开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。,如:ManyatimehasJohngivenmegoodadvice.Oftenhavewemadethattest.,题：Manyatime_swimmingalone.A.theboywentB.wenttheboyC.didtheboygoD.didgotheboy,.,如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人所说的,主语是名词时,用倒装结构。主语是代词时,一般不用倒装结构。“Letgo,”saidtheman/hesaid.用于某些祝愿的句子。Mayyousucceed.,.,倒装句中主谓何时不倒装,在需要倒装的种种句型中，有时主语和谓语并不需倒装，大致可归纳如下几种：,.,1.疑问句中,如果疑问词作主语或主语的修饰语,主谓不倒装。,Whathappenedtoher?她出了什么事？Howmanypeopleareworkinginthatlaboratory?有多少人在那间实验室里工作？,.,2.在以in,out,back,up,down,off,away,here,there等副词开头的句子中,如果主语是人称代词,主谓不倒装。Awayhewenttothestation.他到车站去了。Hereshecomes.她来了。,.,3.如果置于句首的由only引导的词组不是状语，而是主语，则主谓不倒装。Onlytheteachersareallowedtousethisroom.只有教师可以使用这个房间。OnlysomeofthechildrenlikeEnglish.只有一些孩子喜欢英语。,.,4.如果置于句首的notonlybutalso仅连接作主语的两个并列词组，则主语和谓语不倒装。Notonlymenbutalsowomenandchildrenareaffectedbythenewlaw.新法律不仅对男人，而且对妇女和儿童也有影响。,.,5.把副词性替代词so提前,如果两句的主语相同,且后者只是进一步肯定或强调前者,so后面的语序不倒装。Itsraining.Soitis.Bobdidntknowaboutit.Sohedidnt.鲍勃不知道这件事。他确实不知道。,下雨了。是下雨了。,.,6.以so开头的句型,如果是soitis(was)with+另一主语,此时主语和谓语不倒装。如：MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.SoitwaswithEngels.马克思出生在德国,德语是他的母语,恩格斯也是如此。,.,1.-DoyouknowJimquarreledwithhisbrother?-Idontknow,_.A.nordontIcareB.nordoIcareC.IdontcareneitherD.Idontcarealso,配套练习,.Multiplechoices.,.,2.Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriver_howseriousthepollutionwas.A.didthevillagersrealizeB.thevillagersrealizedC.thevillagersdidrealizedD.didntthevillagersrealized,.,3.Onlyinthisway_doitwell.A.mustweB.wecouldC.canweD.wecan4.Hardly_whenitbegantorain.A.hadhearrivedB.arrivedheC.hehadarrivedD.didhearrive,.,5.Onlywhenclassbegan_thathehadlefthisbookathome.A.willrealizeB.hedidrealizeC.didherealizeD.shouldherealize6.Notasinglemistake_inthedictationyesterday.A.didhemakeB.madebyhimC.hemadeD.hehadmade,.,7.Nosooner_histalkthanhe_bytheworkers.A.hefinished;surroundedallB.didhefinish;didsurroundC.hadhefinished;wassurroundedD.afterhefinished;wassurroundednear,.,8.Little_knowaboutverbs,Franz_hishead.A.didhe;darenotliftB.he;darenotliftC.didhe;darenottoliftD.doesnt;doesntdarelift,.,9.Notonly_apromise,butalsokeptit.A.hadhemadeB.hehadmadeC.didhemakeD.hemakes10.Ifinallygotthejob.Neverinalllife_sohappy.A.didIfeelB.IfeltC.IhadfeltD.hadIfelt,.,11.Innocountry_Britain,ithasbeensaid,_experiencefourseasonsinthecourseofasingleday.A.otherthan;onecanB.otherthan;canoneC.ratherthan;onecanD.ratherthan;canone,.,12._amobilephonecanyouring_youwanttotalkwithanywhere.A.Using;whoeverB.Onlyon;whoeverC.With;whoeverD.Using;whomever,.,教堂附近有一间破旧的小屋。Nearthechurchwasaruinedcottage.2.他一点也不知道,警察就要逮捕他了。Littledoesheknowthatthepoliceareabouttoarresthim.,用倒装句翻译下列句子。,.,3.如果我了解你的意图我就不会浪费时间向你解释了。HadIrealizedwhatyouintendedIshouldnothavewastedmytimetryingtoexplainmatterstoyou.4.那记号很小,我几乎看不到。SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.,.,参加会议有来自全国各地政府官员、商人、企业家。Attendingthemeetingweregovernmentofficials,businessmenandbankersfromdifferentpartsofthecountry.,.,6.无论什么情况下我们都不要放弃计划。Undernocircumstancecanwegiveuptheplan.,.,把下列句子改为倒装。,1.Ihaveneverseenhimbefore._Iseenhim.2.shehadhardlygoneoutwhenastudentcametoseeher._whenastudentcametoseeher.,Neverbeforehave,Hardlyhadshegoneout,.,3.Ididntgot