专题It的用法.ppt

2007届英语复习专题It的用法,it是常见代词之一，它既可以指代时间、地点、天气、距离等，还能作形式主语或形式宾语，同时可以引起强调结构，是历年高考热点之一。现结合高考试题对其用法作一介绍。,一、用来表示时间、天气、地点、距离、环境、形势等。例如：Itistwomilestothebeach.(Oxford)这里到海滨有两英里。Itwasraininginthemorning.(Oxford)今天早晨下着雨。IfitsconvenientIcanseeyoutomorrow.(Oxford)如果方便，我明天能见你。,it表示时间常用于句型：1、Itis/hasbeen一段时间since从句。意为“自以来已有多长时间了”或“自不以来已有多长时间了”。例如：,1）Itis/hasbeenmanyyearssinceIwaslastinLondon(P.136SEFCBook2B)自从我上次到伦敦，已经有许多年了。2）Itsalongtimesincewemetlast.(P.89JEFCBook3)自从我们上次见面以来已经有很长一段时间了。,2、Itis/was/willbe+一段时间+before从句。表示“在（做某事）前过了多长时间”，或“过了多长时间才”。如：Butit_morethan100yearsbeforethecountrybeginsonceagaintolookasitdidbefore.但是在100年之后，这个国家才能恢复到以前的样子。,willbe,二、用来指代人。说明某人的身份或者做某事的人；指代婴儿或儿童；在不清楚某人性别时，也可使用it，尤其在问答的形式中更为常见。例如：1.-Look,someoneiscoming.Whocanitbe?-Itmaybetheheadmaster.-Itcantbehim.HehasgonetoShanghai.-ItmustbeMr.Zhang.Helooksliketheheadmaster.,2._DoctorStone,isntit?Shesusuallygood.ThatisB.ItisC.ThisisD.Sheis3.-IsthatDoctorStone?-Yeah.-Whois_?A.thisB.thatC.sheD.it,三、用来指代前文中的内容，或指代整个主句。如：1.Takeyourpoundofflesh!Ideclarethecourtallowsitandthelawgivesittoyou.(P.63SEFCBook3A)割下你要的那一磅肉吧！我宣布法庭允许你这么做，法律把那一磅肉判给你了。,2.Ifitispossible,hodupthepartofthebodywhichisbleeding.(P.44SEFCBook2A)如果可能的话，就把出血的部位抬起来。3.Iwasdisappointedwiththefilm，Ihadexpected_tobemuchbetterAthatBthisConeDit,4.Tomsmotherkepttellinghimthatheshouldworkharder,_didnthelp.heB.whichC.sheD.butit5.ItissaidthatinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows_.A.itwhattodowithB.howtodealwithitC.whattodowithitD.todowhatwith,6.TheParkersboughtanewhouse,_willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.AbutthatBbutitConeDwhich7.Iloveswimming,_keepsmefit.anditB.whichC.itD.as8.Theysaidtheyhadfinishedthework,but_.IcantbelieveitB.whatIcantbelieveC.whichIcantbelieveD.Idontbelieve,四、在一些相对固定的词组中出现，没有特殊含义，经常不翻译。如：Hesneverreallymadeitasanactor.(Oxford)作为演员，他从未获得过真正的成功。Itismyturn轮到我了。3.Thatsjustit-Icantworkwhenyouremakingsomuchnoise.(Oxford)原因就在这儿-你们这么吵，我没法工作。,4._.IvegotsomuchworkIdontknowwheretostart.Whatanawful!B.Itsawful!C.Thatwasawful!D.Asisawful,5._withyou?_Verywell,thankyou.WhatisgoingonB.HowisitgoingC.HowiseverythinggoingD.Whatisup,五、指代不定式、动名词、从句等，用作形式主语或形式宾语。如：_alwaysdifficulttobeinaforeigncountry,especiallyifyoudontspeakthelanguage.ThatisalwaysB.ItisalwaysC.ItwillbealwaysD.Thatwillalwaysbe,2.Wemustmake_tothepublicthatsomethingshouldbedonetostoppollution.WhatisclearB.itisclearC.ItclearD.thatclear3.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them,4._onedaytheywillhaveenoughanimalstosetthemfree.ItishopedforB.whatishopedthatC.AsishopedthatD.Itishopedthat5._insidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.A.ItappearedcalmbutB.Heappearedcalm,butC.WhatappearedcalmwasD.Itwasappearedcalm,but,用it作形式主语或形式宾语的句型主要有:It+be+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb)+todosth.It+be+fun/awasteoftime/nogood/nousedoingsth.Itbe过去分词that从句Itbe形容词that从句5、Itbe名词（词组）that从句,Isitpossiblenecessarytotellhisfathereverything?Infactitisahardjobforthepolicetokeeporderinanimportantfootballmatch.Idontthinkitpossibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.Howsillyofyouitistohavedoneit!,It+be+adj./n.(forsb./ofsb)+todosth.,注意：该句型中的形容词通常是表示事物的特点或特征的如difficult，hard，easy，impossible，necessary，important等，此时用for；表示人的性格特征或特点的如nice，good，bad，kind，silly，foolish，wise，clever，careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，grateful等，这时要用of。,It+be+fun/awasteoftime/nogood/nousedoingsth._tojumpintoariveronahotsummerday!HowfunitisB.WhatfunitisC.WhatfunofitisD.Whatafunitis,Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.谚牛奶已泼，哭也无用。,Itbe过去分词that从句Itissaid,reported,announced,hoped,thought，told，believed，expected，decided，suggested,known+that从句该句型通常可以转换成sb/sthissaidthat如：Itissaidthatthebookwastranslatedintomanylanguagesin1950.Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguagesin1950.,Itbe形容词that从句可用于此句型的形容词还有wonderful，true，good，right，wrong，important，useless，surprising，clear，unusual，lucky，certain等。如：1）Itisquitecertainthathewillnotmakeaspeechatthemeeting.2）Itisimportantthatwe(should)studyhard.,5、Itbe名词（词组）that从句。适用该句型的名词（词组）还有apity，anhonor，agoodthing，afact，asurprise，goodnews等。如：1）Itisapity(that)youmissedthesportsmeetinglastweek.2）_isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It,6、Itseemappearhappen的适当形式that从句。该句型常可以转换成含不定式的简单句。如：1）Itseemsthatthereisabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown.(P.31SEFCBook3A)Thereseemstobeabigwastepipecomingdownfromthetown.,2）Heappearedcalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.(P.56SEFCBook3A)Itappearedthathewascalm,butinsidehisheartwasbeatingwildlywithfear.,7、Itdoesntmatter（Itsnowonder；Itdoesntmaketoomuchdifference等）when/where/which/whether等从句。如：1）Does_matterifhecantfinishthejobontime?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it,2）Theyareallclassmates_isnowonder_theyshouldhelpeachotherwiththeirstudies（上海98）AThis；whetherBIt；ifCThat；thatDIt；that,8、S.+v.it+adj./n./+不定式或从句。常用于这一句型的动词有find,consider,feel,make,think等。如：1）hefounditimportanttostudythesituationinRussia.2）Iwanttomakeitclearwhethersheisstillatschool.,3）IfeelitourdutytostudyEnglishwell.4）Idontthink_possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.(NMET90)A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it,1.WasitBill,_playsfootballwell,_helpedtheblindmancrosstheroad.that/thatB.who/thatC.who/whoC.that/who,六、it用来引起强调句型,Who引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰Bill;that指代被强调部分Bill.,2.Itwasintheschool,_Ioncestudied,_weheldaparty.正是在我曾经就读的那所学校我们举行了一次聚会.where/thatB.inwhich/thatC.that/whereD.that/inwhich,whereIoncestudied非限定性定语从句修饰school。,3.Itwasinthe1990s,_greatchangesweretakingplaceinchina,_hemadealotofmoney.正是在中国发生着巨大变化的二十世纪九十年代,他挣了大把的钞票.that/whenB.duringwhich/thatC.when/thatD.that/that,强调部分inthe1990s后跟了一个非限定性定语从句。,4.-Wheredidyoumeethim?-Itwasinthepark_hiswifeandhefirstmet.A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.when,这是个强调举行的省略句，完整句子是：ItwasintheparkwherehiswifeandhefirstmetthatImethim.,4.-Doyoustillremember_youlostyourwallet?-Yeah.Itwasatthecrossing_Igotlost.wherewasit/thatB.wherewasit/thatC.Theplacewhere/whereD.whereitwasthat/where,第一个空是强调句型用作宾语从句；第二空where引导定语从句，后边省略了thatlostmywallet.,5.Itwasfiveoclockintheafternoon_theyclimbeduptothetopofthemountainAsinceBwhenCthatDuntil,fiveoclockintheafternoon不能独立作时间状语，不能作为一个强调部分；atfiveoclock才可以构成独立的时间状语。,6.-Canit_themanagerthattalkedtoyourbrother?-No.It_someoneelsethatspoketoyourbrother.be/musthavebeenB.havebeen/musthavebeenC.havebeen/mustbeD.be/mustbe,这是强调句型表示判断的用法，对过去情况推测、判断。,1._intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires(2005上海),综合练习,It在此作形式主语，实际宾语为thatyoushould.,2.Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed_to_andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice.(2006安徽)A.it;herB.it;herselfC.herself;herD.herself;herself,addressedittoherself,it代指thepostcard;意思是“在明信片上写上自己的地址寄给她自己。,3.AsthebusiestwomaninNorton,shemade_herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeoplesaffairsinthattown.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it(2006湖南),It为形式宾语，指代不定式tolookafteralltheotherpeoplesaffairsinthattown.,4._isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,moreprosperouseconomy.(2006浙江)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.It,It形式主语指代thatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastronger,5.Idappreciate_ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.itC.thisD.you(2006山东),It为形式宾语，指代ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.,6.Idontlikeworkinglateintothenight，butIcanthelp_.A.soB.thatC.itD.them.,Icanhelpit.为习惯用法，意思是“我实在控制不住”，“这不能怪我”。全句意思是“我不想熬夜，但我控制不住自己。,7.IpreferaflatinInvernessto_inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmyMoms.A.oneB.thatC.itD.this(2005天津),One不定代词，指代aflatinPerth。全句的意思是：我更在Inverness有一套房子，而不是在Perth，因为我想住在我妈妈附近。,8.Wevebeenlookingathousesbuthaventfound_welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.what,考查不定代词的用法。one指代ahouse;whatwelike我们喜欢的东西，指房子。,9.Thedoctoradvisedstronglythatsheshouldtakeaholiday,but_didnthelp.A.itB.sheC.whichD.he,It指代前文中的事情。,10.Carsdocauseussomehealthproblemsinfactfarmoreserious_thanmobilephonesdo.A.oneB.onesC.itD.those,Ones指的是前边的problems,farmoreseriousonesthanmobilephonesdo是前边healthproblems的同位语,对healthproblems进行补充说明。,11.Iintendedtocomparenoteswithafriend,butunfortunately_couldntsparemeevenoneminute.A.theyB.oneC.whoD.it,从句子结构上，可排除选项C；从代词的意义上可排除D；根据前半句的意思，句中的afriend指任意一个朋友，可理解为afriend0fmine而后半句意指“我”这些朋友们，为复数。,12.Ilike_intheautumnwhenthewe