流体力学(英文).ppt

2020/6/7,1,FluidMechanics,2020/6/7,2,Preface,Contents,TeachingContentsInClassroomExperimentalProjectsInTeachingLab,Totalhours:54Classroomteachinghours:48Practicehours:6,2020/6/7,3,TeachingContents(1),PartA(Totalhours:36),A1Introduction(4hours)A2Fluidstatics(6hours)A3Fluidkinematics(6hours)A4Fluiddynamics(6hours)A5Laminarflow,turbulentflowandenergyloss(8hours)A6Pipeflowandcalculationofpipeline(4hours)A7Similaritytheoryanddimensionalanalysis(2hours),Fundamental,2020/6/7,4,PartB(Totalhours:8),B1Streamfunctionsandpotentialfunctions,frictionlessirrotationalflow(4hours)B2Boundarylayertheoryandflowpastbody(4hours),PartC(Totalhours:4),C1ResaerchprogressinFluidMechancis(1hour)C2Modernflowmeasurementtechnologies(1hour)C3IntroductiontonumericalsimulationofturbulenceflowandcommercialsoftwaresofCFD(2hours),TeachingContents(2),Extendedcontents,Fundamental,2020/6/7,5,PartAandPartBarethefoundationofFluidMechanics,PartCistheextendedcontentsandrefertosomepracticalproblems.Thiscoursealsopaysmuchattentiontotheprevalenceofmodernfluidmechanics,forexample,theintroductiontothetheoryofturbulenceboundarylayerandthesketchofcomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)willhelpyourfurtherapplicationsafteryourgraduation.,TeachingContents(3),2020/6/7,6,ExperimentalProjects(1),In-class(Required)(Totalhours:6),E1Hydrostatics(1hour)E2VelocitymeasurementwithPitottube(1hour)E3FlowmeasurementwithVenturitube(1hour)E4VerificationofBernoulliequation(1hour)E5Reynoldsexperiment(1hour)E6Measurementoffrictionlosscoefficientforcircularpipeflow(1hour),2020/6/7,7,ExperimentalProjects(2),After-class(Totalhours:6-8),E1Liquidviscositymeasurement(1hour)(Optional)E2Demonstratingexperimentaboutflowpatternandstreamline(1hour)(Required)E3Measurementoflocallosscoefficientforcircularpipeflow(1hour)(Required)E4DemonstratingexperimentaboutSiphonprinciple(1hour)(Required)E5Demonstratingexperimentaboutflowaroundairfoilandcylinder(1hour)(Required)E6Demonstratingexperimentaboutvortexformation(1hour)(Required)E7Self-designingexperiments(1hour)(Optional),2020/6/7,8,Textbook,FrankM.White.FluidMechanics.McGrawHillHigherEducation,7thRevisededition,2010.2,2020/6/7,9,References,E.JohnFinnemore,JosephB.Franzini.FluidMechanicswithEngineeringApplications.McGraw-HillHigherEducation,10thRevisededition,2001.10,2020/6/7,10,References,JinXiaohong,LiYuanhui.FluidMechanics(bilingualTeaching).Beijing:ChinaPowerPress,2011.9,2020/6/7,11,5%attendance10%homework10%requiredexperiments5%optionalexperiments70%finalexam,Grades,2020/6/7,12,Chapter1Introduction,Whenyouthinkaboutit,almosteverythingonthisplaneteitherisafluidormoveswithinornearafluid.FrankM.White,PreliminaryRemarks,Fluidcanbefoundalmosteverywhereontheearth!,2020/6/7,13,OverviewofFluidMechanics,TheconceptoffluidTheprimaryphysicalpropertyoffluidStudyobjectsofFluidMechanicsThenatureofthesubjectofFluidMechanicsTasksofFluidMechanicsStudyapproachesofFluidMechanicsImportance(position)ofthecourseHistoryofFluidMechanics,Thefollowingaspectswillbediscussed:,2020/6/7,14,Theconceptofafluid,Asolidcanresistashearstressbyastaticdeformation.Afluidcannotresistashearstressbyastaticdeformation.Anyshearstressappliedtoafluid,nomatterhowsmall,willresultinmotionofthatfluid.Thefluidmovesanddeformscontinuouslyaslongastheshearisapplied.,Introduction,2020/6/7,15,Fluidity？,Fluid,Solid,yes,no,Theprimaryphysicalpropertyoffluid,2020/6/7,16,Fluidmechanicsisanimportantbranchofmodernmechanics，Itsasciencethatstudiesfluidsbalance(Fluidstatics),mechanicalmovementlaws(FluidKinematics)andtheinteractionbetweenfluidandtheboundaries(FluidDynamics),whichmaybeeithersolidsurfacesorinterfaceswithotherfluids.Itmainlyascertainsthedistributionofspeedandpressure,energylossandtheinteractionforceandthemomentbetweenfluidandboundary.,Introduction,StudyObjectsofFluidMechanics(1),2020/6/7,17,Waterandairareresearchedmostlyinfluidmechanics.Besidesthese,fluidalsoincludesvaporasworkmediuminturbine,lubeoil,waterwhichmixingwithmudandsand,blood,meltingmetalandthegaswithcomplicatedcomponentscomingfromburning,plasmasunderhightemperaturecondition,etc.,StudyObjectsofFluidMechanics(2),Stationaryboundaries：riverbed,pipewall,building,etc；Movingboundaries：aircraft,ship,runner,etc.,Typesofboundary,2020/6/7,18,Mechanics,ResearchobjectThecarrierofmechanicalproblems,FluidMechanics,Fluid,LiquidWater,Mechanics,Threeconservationlaws,Hydraulics,Introduction,Liquidisthemainresearchobject;Mainlyfocusonengineeringapplications;SuitableforstudentsinHydraulicEng.,CivilEng.,ThenatureofthesubjectofFluidMechanics,Conservationofmass,momentumandenergy,2020/6/7,19,Fluidmechanicsisnotonlyanage-oldsubject,butalsoanewfashionsubjectwhichcanberesearchedonquitewidelyfields.Therearemanyquestionsaboutfluidmechanicsinthesedepartments,suchasinaviation,spaceflight,navigation,astronomicalweather,physicalgeography,waterconservancyandhydropower,heatenergyrefrigeration,buildingconstructionandenvironmentalprotection,petroleumandchemicalengineering,transportingairandliquid,combustionandexplosion,metallurgyandmining,biologyandsea,warindustryandnuclearenergy,machinebuilding,mechanicalengineering,etc.,TasksofFluidMechanics,Introduction,EngineeringfieldsanddisciplinesrelativetoFluidMechanics,2020/6/7,20,Vortexcreatedbythepassageofanaircraftwing,revealedbycolouredsmoke,Turbulenceinthetipvortexfromanairplanewing,EngineeringfieldsrelativetoFluidMechanics,2020/6/7,21,aviation,spaceflight,navigation,Rocketlaunching,fountain,2020/6/7,22,Axial-flowfanMaliautthebalancetomeasuretheresistanceofmovingobject;Pascalthebasicrelationformulaofhydrostatics.,HistoryofFluidMechanics(2),Thesecondperiod：fromthe20thB.Ctolatestageofthe17thcenturyA.D.,2020/6/7,52,Introduction,NewtonNewtonslawofviscosity;BernoulliBernoullislawofsteadyincompressiblefluid;Eulerdescribingamethodoffluidmotionandequationsofinviscidfluidmotion;Lagrangestreamfunction;ReynoldsReynoldsexperimentan