新8 L1语法 情态动词和祈使句.ppt

Canyousing?,Lesson1,Warm-up,Donkey,DonkeyIbegyou,pleasedontsingheehawIshallfeedyou,IshallfeedyouPleasedontsingheehaw,Heehaw,heehaw,heehaw,heehawWhyyousingsoloud?Ishallfeedyou,IshallfeedyouPleasedontsingheehaw.,今天学什么？,情态动词的用法can,may,must,复习can,情态动词,情感,态度,can,定义：表示说话人情感和态度的动词。,注意：1.无人称和数的变化；2.不能单独使用，必须后+动词原形,2.表委婉的请求或许可，译为能。,eg:CanIsithere?,Canyouhelpme?,情态动词Can的用法：,1，表示能力，译为能或会。,eg:Icanswim.,Hecanrun.,3.表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度）,用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。eg:Canthisberight?Thiscantbedone(做)byhim.,你知道吗？,1.Hecanseeacar.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,特殊疑问句:,Hecannotseeacar.,Canheseeacar?,Yes,hecan.No,hecant.,Whatcanhesee?,什么?,动词,2.Wecanplayfootball.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,特殊疑问句:,Wecannotplayfootball.,Canyouplayfootball?,Yes,wecan.No,wecant.,Whatcanyoudo?,什么?,动词,总结：can特殊疑问句,没划动词：What+一般疑问句语序+？,划住动词：What+一般疑问句语序+do+？,May的用法：,1，表示委婉的请求或许可，译为可以,比can更正式。,eg:MayIborrowyourpen?,用MayI.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用CanI.？在口语中更常见。,2,表示猜测，谈论可能性，译为可能也许。,eg:HemaybeTom.,eg:ShemaybeAnn.,句型转换练习,HemaywatchTV.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,HemaynotwatchTV.,MayhewatchTV?,Yes,hemay.No,hemustnt.,maynot不可以缩写,要明确回答用mustnt,Imayreadbooks.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,Imaynotreadbooks.,MayIreadbooks?,Yes,youmay.No,youmustnt.,需要注意的几点也是重点：,1，maynot无缩写形式。,2，may的否定回答用mustnt.,3,做may的疑问句遇到I,we,不用变为you.,情态动词must的用法：,1,在肯定陈述句中must通常表示说话人的主观意识或要求对方必须做某事（表示命令，建议或请求。译为必须应该一定要）。,eg:Imustgonow,orIllbelate.,2.mustnot是表示说话人不许或禁止某人做某事。,eg:Lookatthesign,youmustntparkyourcarhere.,eg:Youmustnttalklikethat.,3.表示推测可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）1.YoureTomsgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikes.2.Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.,你知道吗？,句型转换练习,Hemustreadabook.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,Hemustnotreadabook.,Musthereadabook?,Yes,hemust.No,heneednt.,=mustnt,注：对must的否定回答用neednt。,Imustgotobed.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,Imustnotgotobed.,MustIgotobed?,Yes,youmust.No,youneednt.,需要注意的几点也是重点：,1，mustnot=mustnt。,2，must的否定回答用neednt.,3,做must的疑问句遇到I,we,不用变为you.,二者是近义词，但must强调主观看法，而haveto强调客观需要。,eg:Youmustgotobednow.（主观看法）,eg:Itscold.Wehavetoclosethewindow.（客观需要）,must与haveto的用法,扩充知识,mustnt表示“禁止”donthaveto表示“不必”,情态动词用法比较,(一)用适当的情态动词填空。1.MustIborrowthebookwithmyIDcard?No,you_.2._Iuseyourcar?Yes,you_.3._Igohomenow?No,you_stayhere.4.Mymotherisill.I_stayathomeandlookafterher.5._youlikesometea?6.You_takemoreexercise.7._youtellmehowtogettotheQingyunPark?8.Theclock_tellusthetime.9._youliketogofishingwithme?,neednt,Can/May,can/may,Can/May,must,must,Would,must,(should/haveto),Can,can,Would,练习,(二)按要求改写句子。1.Icanrunfast.I_fast.(否定句)2.Youmustreturnthebooknow.（一般疑问句）_Ithebooknow?No,you_.3.Hecanplaybasketballwell.（一般疑问句）_he_basketballwell?4.Theymusttakethebooksoutoftheroom.（否定句）They_thebooksoutoftheroom.5.Heshouldgetupearly.(否定句)He_getuplate.,练习,cant,run,Must,neednt,Can,play,mustnt,take,shouldnt,(三)单项选择。（）1.youlikesomemilk?A.WouldB.CouldC.Can（）2.Wepicktheflowerinthepark.A.cantB.dontC.mustnt()3.Weshouldmoretrees,andweshouldntcutanytrees.A.plantB.plantingC.plants()4.MayIhavesomecoffee?A.Yes,youhave.B.Yes,youcan.C.Yes,certainly.,练习,A,C,A,C,()5.Shallwevisitthefactory?A.Yes,wedo.B.Yes,weshall.C.Allright.()6.Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?A.Yes,wewould.B.Yes,Idlikesomecakes.C.Yes,ofcourse.()7.WhatcanIdoforyou?A.Yes,youcan.B.No,Icandoit.C.Yes.Idlikesomeoranges.,c,B,B,还记得吗？,祈使句,一、祈使句：表示要求、请求或命令、劝告、叮嘱、建议等。祈使句中的主语常常被省去。用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。二、句式：三肯一否,1.肯定式：ADo句型：（以动词原形开头）eg:Closethedoor.BLet句型：（以Let开头）eg：Letsplayfootball.Letmehelpyou.CBe句型：（以Be原形开头）eg:Becareful.,2.否定式：以“Dont+动词原形”开头：eg:Dontopenthewindow.Dontbesad.注：Please在祈使句中可表示比较委婉的语气，可加上也可省略。eg:Passmethebook,please.Pleasepassmethebook.,关于祈使句,有多少秘密你不知道？,1.祈使句的主语通常为第二人称(you)，但一般都被省略，只有在特殊的情况下才把主语(you)补充出来。如：Youbequiet!你安静!Yougoandtellhim,Chris.克立斯，你去告诉他。Youwaithereforamoment.你在这儿等一会儿。,2.祈使句表示强调为了加强祈使句的语气，我们通常是在祈使句的动词原形前加上助动词do，此时通常译为“一定”“务必”等。如：Dobecareful.务必要小心。Dohavesomemoretea.一定再喝点茶。Doletmego.一定让我去。副词never和always有时可用于祈使句句首，表示强调。如：Neverdothatagain.再不要这样做了。Alwaysstudyhard.一定要努力学习。,3.“let”的否定句：如果宾语是第三人称用“Dontlet.”eg:Dontlethimsingintheclassroom.如果宾语是第一人称，则用Let.noteg:Itsrainingnow.Letsnotgoout.,4.祈使句的省略一般说来，祈使句总是要以动词原形开头，但是，在某些特殊情况下，我们可以只用一个词或短语来表示祈使句的意义。如：Justalittle,please.请给一点就行了。Alittlemoreslowlyplease.再慢一点。Apoundofbutter.给我一磅黄油。Twoteasandfourcoffees,please.请来两杯茶和四杯咖啡。,练一练,I.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Itsanimportantmeeting._(not,be)late.2._(not,make)anynoise!Yourmotherissleeping.3._(not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffood.4._(not,talk)and_(read)aloud.5._(not,leave)yourhomeworkfortomorrow,Larry.6._(look)out!Acariscoming.7._(give)mefiftyyuan,Iwillbuysomemeat.8._(not,let)thebabycry.9.Wearmoreclothesoryou_(have)acold.10.Lets_(not,say)anythingaboutit.,Dontbe,Dontmake,Dontspeak,Donttalk,read,Dontleave,Look,Give,Dontlet,willhave,notsay,()1.Herdoctorsaid:“_worksohard”AStopBDontCCantDNo()2._whenyoucrosstheroad.ADocareBCareCDobecarefulDTobecareful()3._himthesecret.ADonttellBNottotellCNottelling()4._inbed.Itsbadforyoureyes.ANottoreadBDontreadCDonttoread()5._yourchild.Welllookafterhim.ANottoworryaboutBDontworryaboutCNotworryforDDontworrywith,B,c,A,B,B,()9_tellalie（说谎）.AHardlyBNotCNoDDont()10.Please_lookoutside.Lookattheblackboard.AnotBdontCarentDcant,D,B,Part2,验收对话,Barbara:Whoisit?Fred:Itsme,Fred!Barbara:Hi!Fred.Howareyou?Fred:Fine.Imustsaygoodbyetoyou.IllgototheUSAnextMonday.Barbara:Howlongareyougoingtostaythere?Fred:Twoyears.Barbara:Oh!Imsosorry.Suchalongtime!Fred:Dontworry.Wecansendeachothere-mails.Barbara:Goodide