高考英语易考词汇变形归纳与总结

高考易考词汇变形分析与总结形容词加ness变名词dark-darkness,happy-happiness,sad-sadness,ill-illness,good-goodness,careful-carefulness,careless-carelessness,tired-tiredness,lonely-loneliness, great-greatness,kind-kindness,ease-easinessbusy-business,fit-fitness,friendly-friendliness动词加ment变名词develop-development, move-movement, improve-improvement, achieve-achievement, arrange-arrangement,manage-management, assign-assignment, agree-agreement, enjoy-enjoyment, govern-government,judge-judgement/judgment, pay-payment, appoint-appointment, establish-establishment, equip-equipment名词变成形容词:1.名词后加-y, 如:lucklucky;cloudcloudy; windwindy; rainrainy;sunsunny;snowsnowy;noise-noisy;healthhealthy2.在名词后加-ly, 如:friendfriendly;lovelovely;daydaily; brotherbrotherly; mothermotherly3.方位名词加-ern，如:easteastern; westwestern; southsouthern; northnorthern形容词后缀(1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义1)-able, -ible: movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible2)-al: natural, additional, educational3)-an: urban, suburban, republican4)-ant, -ent: distant, important, excellent5)-ar: similar, popular, regular6)-ary: military, voluntary7)-ic, ical: politic, systematic, historic, physical,8)-ing: moving, touching, daring9)-ish: foolish, bookish, selfish10)-ive: active, impressive, decisive11)-ory: satisfactory, compulsory(2) 表示“相象，类似”的含义1)-ish: boyish, childish2)-like: manlike, childlike3)-ly: manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly4)-some: troublesome, handsome5)-y: milky, pasty(3) 表示“充分的”含义1)-ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful2)-ous: dangerous, generous, courageous, various3)-ent: violent,(4) 表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义1)-en: wooden, golden, woolen2)-fic: scientific(5) 表示方向的含义1)-ern: eastern, western2)-ward: downward, forward(6) 表示“数量关系”的含义1)-teen: thirteen, fourteen2)-ty: fifty, forty3)-th: fourth, fifth, ninth, fiftieth(7) 表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义1)-an: Roman, European2)-ese: Chinese,3)-ish: English, Spanish(8) 表示“比较程度”的含义1)-er: greater2)-ish: reddish, yellowish3)-est: highest4)-most: foremost, topmost(9)其他的含义-less表示否定: careless, countless, stainless, wireless形容词变副词的一般规则形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀：一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。分别举例如下：quick-quickly; true-truly; happy-happily; possible-possibly具体规则如下：1. 一般情况下直接加“ly”如：quickquickly; politepolitely; sadsadly; immediateimmediately; recent-recently; nicenicely; completecompletely; polite politely; wide widely; active actively; rude rudely2. 辅音字母加e结尾的形容词一般直接加-ly。如：politepolitely; widewidely; wisewisely; nicenicely以元音字母加e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。如：truetruly; dueduly3. 以“y”结尾的，且读音为 / i /， 先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”，如：happyhappily; heavyheavily; angryangrily; busybusily但是如果读音为 / ai /，直接加ly，如：dry-dryly; sly-slyly(会意地;会心地); shy-shyly4. 以ic 结尾的词，加ally，如: economiceconomically; basicbasically;scientificscientifically; automaticautomatically; energeticenergetically; 但是public-publicly 例外。5. 以辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y，如：simplesimply;considerableconsiderably;terribleterribly; gentlegently;possiblepossibly; probableprobably;incredibleincredibly;gentlegently;comfortablecomfortably; sensiblesensibly (明智地; 理智地)元音字母加le时加 ly，如：solesolely(仅仅)。但是wholewholly例外。6. 以-ll结尾时，只须加 y，如：dulldully; shrillshrilly(尖锐地)需注意: 有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：friendly people; motherly care; a lovely dog; monthly exam; heavenly peace; a manly sport; a lively class语法填空11. All the students arrived _(due) except Tom.2. The government is not _(whole) to blame for the current crisis.(当前的危机不能完全归罪于政府.)3. It is _(incredible) difficult to fit everyone in.(为每一个人都找到合适的位置是极其困难的.)4. Jim and Mary smiled _(shy) at each other.5. “I suppose so,” he said _(dull). “我想是吧,”他木然地说道.6. The book is _(basic) a love story.7. I hate it when he talks like that _(public).(我讨厌他在公开场合那样说话.)8. He looks so _(man) in his uniform.(他穿着制服真显得英姿焕发.)答案: 1.duly 2.wholly 3.incredibly 4.shyly 5.dully 6.basically 7.publicly 8.manly语法填空2: Li Ming had dipped into many jobs. At first, he was hired as a _(decorate). But soon he disliked the job because it was tiring. He resigned and went to a telephone office to be an _(operate). However, he quit after only six months in the job, for it was too boring. For one reason or another, he got crazy about the oceangoing voyage, so he become a _(sail). But soon he felt too lonely on the sea and gave it up. He worked respectively as _(conduct) in a bus, _(edit) in a newspaper and _(translate) in a magazine, but he did not stay there more than one year. Later he went to a _(council) of life, who had received thousands of _(visit). She told him that he first should do what he really liked and that he must have great patience and perseverance. Soon after, seeing a film directed by Zhang Yimou, he set his goal to b