jim-crow-lawsPPT课件

.,1,JimCrowLaws,.,2,ExamplesofJimCrowLaws,BarberingNocoloredpersonshallserveasabarbertowhitewomenorgirls.(Georgialaw),.,3,ExamplesofJimCrowLaws,illegalandvoid,MarriageAllmarriagesofwhitepersonswithNegroesshallbeillegalandvoid.(Wyominglaw),illegalandvoid,.,4,ExamplesofJimCrowLaws,Toilets-Everyemployerofwhiteornegromalesshallprovideforsuchwhiteornegromalesreasonablyaccessibleandseparatetoiletfacilities.(Alabamalaw),.,5,IntroductionofJimCrowLaws,TheJimCrowLawswerestateandlocallawsintheUSenactedbetween1876and1965.Theymandateddejureracialsegregationinallpublicfacilitiesinsouthernstatesoftheformerconfederacy,with,startingin1890,a“separatebutequal”statusforAfricanAmericans.,.,6,TheseparationinpracticeledtoconditionsforAfricanAmericansthattendedtobeinferiortothoseprovidedforwhiteAmericans,systematizinganumberofeconomic,educationalandsocialdisadvantages.DejuresegregationmainlyappliedtothesouthernUS.bycovenants,banklendingpractices,andjobdiscrimination,includingdiscriminatoryunionpracticesfordecades.TheUSmilitarywasalsosegregated.,.,7,TheseJimCrowLawsfollowedthe18001866BlackCodes,whichhadpreviouslyrestrictedthecivilrightsandcivillibertiesofAfricanAmericanswithnopretenseofequality.State-sponsoredschoolsegregationwasdeclaredunconstitutionalbytheSupremeCourtoftheUSin1954inBrownV.Boardofeducation.Generally,theremainingJimCr