英语单词变形规则汇总.ppt

变形规则,可数名词的复数形式,可数名词才有复数形式不可数名词主要是抽象名词和物质名词，做主语时谓语用单数集体名词没复数形式但做主语时谓语通常用复数,statesman,mouse,mosquito,monkey,passer-by,watch,button,brochure,university,statesmen,mice,mosquitoes,monkeys,passers-by,watches,buttons,brochures,universities,1.一般在词尾加-smap-maps,bridge-bridges2.以-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加-esglass-glasses,brush-brushes3.以o结尾的有生命的名词后加-eshero-heroes,potato-potatoes以o结尾的无生命的名词以及-oo结尾的词后加-spiano-pianos,zoo-zoos,4.以辅音加y结尾的词变y为i加es;以元音加y结尾的词直接加sfactory-factories;boy-boys5.以-f或-fe结尾的词，把-f,-fe改为V,再加-eswolf-wolves,leaf-leaves有的以-f,-fe结尾的词，可以直接加-sbelief-beliefs,roof-roofs,不规则变化,1.bacterium-bacteria;medium-media;criterion-criteriaphenomenon-phenomena,2.businessman-businessmenpoliceman-policemenpostman-postmensalesman-salesmenspokesman-spokesmenstatesman-statesmen,3.goose-geese;tooth-teeth;foot-feet4.mouse-mice;ox-oxen;child-childrendeer-deer;fish-fish;sheep-sheep5.means-means;analysis-analysesstamach-stamachs,leaf-leaves;knife-kniveslife-lives;shelf-shelvesthief-thieves;wolf-wolves,动词的单三变,写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式1.swim2.draw3.make4.run5.carry6.leave7.arrive8.watch9.clean10.stay,写出下列动词的单数第三人称形式1.swims2.draws3.makes4.runs5.carries6.leaves7.arrives8.watches9.cleans10.stays,动词的第三人称单数规则当主语是第三人称（she、he、it）或名词时，谓语动词要用单数形式。一般情况下动词的第三人称单数形式都是直接加s动词单数形式：1、动词以ch、sh、o、s、x结尾时，单数形式要加es2、动词以元音字母+y结尾时，在y后直接加s；动词以辅音字母+y结尾时，把y变成i再加es3、be动词的现在时包括am、is、are。第三人称单数要用is；have的第三人称单数是has,动词的-ed形式,写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词1.flow2.stick3.bite4.identify5.receive6.aim7.limit8.yell9.ban10.admit,1.flow-flowed-flowed2.stick-stuck-stuck3.bite-bit-bitten4.identify-identified-identified5.receive-received-received6.aim-aimed-aimed7.limit-limited-limited8.yell-yelled-yelled9.ban-banned-banned10.admit-admitted-admitted,规则动词的过去分词与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。1一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”work-workedvisit-visited2以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”live-lived3以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将“y”变为“i”，再加“ed”study-studied-studied4重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”stop-stopped,动词的-ing形式,写出下列单词的-ing形式violatewindswallowscanreferquarrelbreathebeginwriteforgivetietry,写出下列单词的-ing形式violatingwindingswallowingscanningreferringquarrel(l)ingbreathingbeginningwritingforgivingtyingtrying,1.一般在动词末尾直接加ing2.以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing如：have-having3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，中间只有一个d短元音字母，词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing如：runningbeginningjoggingsittinggetting4.以ie结尾的动词，把ie变成y再加ing，如：lie-lyingdie-dying,形容词,副词的比较级和最高级,写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级badcleanfamousdirtybigillheavylittlehappyfarexpensivewellsloweasywidecarefullyearlythinmuchclever,写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级bad/ill-worse-theworstclean-cleaner-thecleanestfamous-morefamous-themostfamousdirty-dirtier-thedirtiestbig-bigger-thebiggestheavy-heavier-theheaviestlittle-less-theleast,happy-happier-thehappiestfar-farther/further-thefarthest/furthestexpensive-moreexpensive-themostexpensivewell-better-bestslow-slower-theslowesteasy-easier-theeasiestwide-wider-thewidestcarefully-morecarefully-mostcarefullyearly-earlier-earliestthin-thinner-thethinnestmuch-more-themostclever-cleverer-thecleverest,1.单音节词在词尾加-er构成比较级，加-est构成最高级如：hard-harder-thehardest2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词直接加-er或-est，如：late-later-thelatest3.以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为I加er或est:如:easy-easier-theeasiest4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er或est:如:big-bigger-thebiggest5.多音节词前加more或most,副词最高级前省略the.如:important-moreimportant-themostimportant,6.以-ly结尾的副词，除early外，其他均使用more/most构成比较级和最高级early-earlier-earliestwarm-morewarmly-mostwarmlypatiently-morepatiently-mostpatiently,不规则变化good/well-better-thebest好bad/badly/ill-worse-theworst坏many/much-more-themost多little-less-theleast少old-older/elder-theoldest/theeldest老,旧far-farther/further-thefarthest/thefurthest远,请写出下列形容词的副词形式exactcompletepersonalprobableeasyfrequentfullautomatic,形容词变副词,1.直接+lyquietquietlydifferentdifferentlyconfidentconfidentlybeautifulbeautifullycarefulcarefullyrecentrecently,2.以-le结尾的形容词去e+lyterribleterriblypossiblepossiblycomfortablecomfortablygentlegentlysimplesimplyreasonablereasonablyprobableprobablyincredibleincredibly,其它以e结尾的形容词直接+lywisewiselynicenicelypolitepolitelyfortunatefortunatelyclosecloselyimmediateimmediatelywidewidely,truetrulywholewhollyfullfullydulldully,注意以下形容词变副词的拼写,3.以辅音+y结尾的，变y为i+lyhappyhappilyeasyeasilyangryangrilymerrymerrilyheavyheavilynoisynoisilyhealthyhealthilyluckyluckily,4.以ic结尾的+allyenergeticenergeticallyautomaticautomaticallyscientificscientificallyeconomiceconomicallybasicbasicallypublicpublicly（例外）,注意以ly结尾的形容词friendlylovelylivelyelderlylonelymonthlyweeklyyearlybrotherlyfatherlymotherly,deadlymanlywomanlydailysilly,5.形容词与副词同形fastfastearlyearlyhardhardlatelatefarfaralonealo