Unit1新世纪大学英语第一册.ppt

.,Doyouthinkitisnecessarytolearnanotherlanguagebesidesyourmothertongue?HowlonghaveyoubeenlearningEnglish?DoyouthinkEnglishisverydifficulttolearn?Ifpossible,whatotherforeignlanguagesdoyouwanttolearn?Why?Speakingfromyourownexperience,whateffectivewayswouldyouliketosuggesttohelpotherslearnEnglish?,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,Directions:Readthefollowingad.Whatdoyouthinkofit?DoyoubelievethatonecanlearntospeakEnglishinonly30days?,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,ForYourEarsOnlyLearnlikeaspy!Smithcourseshelppeoplewhoneedtolearnanotherlanguagequickly.Ourcoursesspent40yearsdevelopingandarenowusedbythebusinessprofessionalseverywhere.StartspeakingEnglishin30daysorreceiveafullandcourteousrefund.Youhavenothingtolose!YoureallycanlearneverythingyouneedtospeakEnglishfluentlyinonly15hours!Numerousstudieshaverevealedthatineverycountry,nativespeakersuseonlyabout2,500distinctwordsandphrasesonadailybasis.Dr.Smithspenthislifetimestudyingtheselanguagebuildingblocks.WiththeSmithapproach,itsnothowmanywordsyouknow,butrather,whichwordsyoucanuse.Byaimingeachlessonatteachingyoutousethose2,500words,theSmithapproachteachesyoutospeakthemostEnglishintheleastamountoftime.,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,Youlearnedyourfirstlanguageinbetween10,000and30,000hoursbutyouwereunconsciousmuchofthetime.WiththeSmithapproach,youcannowlearneachofyournextlanguagesinonly15hours.Maybeyouvealreadytriedtolearnalanguagebutrealizeditwasallinvain.Dontgiveup.Itstimetochangeyourapproach!Inonlythirtydays,youlllearntospeakEnglishorwellrefundyourmoney.Youdonthaveanythingtolose.YoucanstarttospeakEnglishnow!,Directions:GeorgePickeringisaneducationalcoach,consultantandtrainer.HegivesadvicetostudentsallaroundtheworldaboutEnglishlearningontheBBCLearningEnglishwebsitewhichoffersonlineEnglishteaching.HereisaquestionfromHishaminEgypt:Please,IwanttoimprovemyEnglish.HowcanIdoit?,Listentotheanswer.WhatistheadvicethatMr.PickeringgivestoHisham?Jotdownhispointsasmanyaspossible.,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,WellHisham,itshardtogivespecificadvicewithoutknowingmoreaboutyou,soImgoingtogiveyousomegeneraladvicewhichwillmaybeofinteresttootherlistenersandreaders.Point1BeclearaboutwhyyouwanttolearnEnglish.Doyouwantitforyourjob,tohelpyougetajob,totalktoEnglishspeakers,tohelpyoustudy?Point2BeclearabouthowgoodyouwantyourEnglishtobe.HowgooddoyouwanttobeatspeakingEnglish,listening,reading,writing?Point3Haveaclearimageofyourselfwhenyouhaveachievedtheproficiencythatyouwant.Whatwillyousee,whatwillyouhear,howwillyoufeel?Point4Ifpossible,enrollonalanguagecourse.Ifyoucant,putyourselfinsituationswhereyoucanuseEnglishwhichleadsonto.Point5LookforopportunitiestolearnanduseEnglish.SpeakEnglishwheneveryoucan.ListentotheradioandCDsinEnglish,readandwriteinEnglish.Ifyoulookforopportunities,youwillfindthem.,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,Point6Writedownnewwordsandphrasesinanotebook.Keepthenotebookwithyousoyoucanlookatitwhenyouhaveasparemoment.Point7Practise,practise,practise.TheresanexpressioninEnglish.“Ifyoudontwanttoloseit,useit.”Thisisverytruewhenitcomestolearningforeignlanguages.Theresastoryaboutateacherwhotoldhisstudents,“YouknowyouremakingprogressinEnglishwhenyouspeakinEnglish,thinkinEnglish,anddreaminEnglish.”Onedayastudentcameintotheclassveryexcitedandsaid,“Teacher,Teacher,lastnightIdreamtinEnglish.”Theteachersaid,“Thatswonderful.Whatdidyoudreamabout?”Andthestudentsaid,“Idontknow,itwasinEnglish.”Hisham,mayyouachieveyourdreamoflearningEnglish.,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,1.ImagineyouaretalkingwithabeginnerinEnglish.GivehimsometipsonthebestwaystolearnEnglishfast.,TolearnEnglishwell,youdbetter.,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,2.ReadtheadviceonhowtolearnEnglish.Checkiftheyaresimilartowhatyouhavewrittendown.,TipsforBeginners1Listentotheradio2WatchEnglishTVprogrammes3TalktoyourselfinEnglish4Recordyourownvoice5Readsomethingeveryday6Recordvocabularyinapersonaldictionary7AlwayshaveanEnglish-Englishdictionarynearby8Readattheappropriatelevel9Keepadiary/journal10Listentoautomatedansweringmachinerecordings,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,3.MatchthedetailsbelowwiththeTipsforBeginners.,YoucanfindthesenumbersintelephonebooksinmanyEnglish-speakingcountries.Beforeyoudial,makesurethatyouarecallingthefreenumbers.Youwanttolearnnewvocabulary,butyoualsowanttounderstandwhatyouarereading.Ifyouarelookingupeveryword,thereadingistoodifficult.Itisabadhabittoalwaysrelyonatranslationdictionaryorelectronicdictionary.Talkaboutanythingandeverything.Doitintheprivacyofyourownhome.Ifyoucantdothisatfirst,tryreadingoutlouduntilyoufeelcomfortablehearingyourownvoiceinEnglish.Dontalwayshaveapeninhand.Sometimesithelpstojustlisten.Thismightfeelveryuncomfortable,butitwillhelpyoufindyourweakpointsinpronunciation.Listentoyourselfafewdayslater.Whichsoundsdoyouhavedifficultyhearing?,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,a)b)c)d)e),f),1e,2h,3d,4f,5g,6i,7c,8b,9j,10a,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,Childrensbooks,simplifiedreaders,newspapers,magazines,Internetsites,novels,andmuchmuchmore.ChildrensprogrammingisveryusefulforESLlearners.RememberthatmuchofwhatyouhearonTVisslang.Keepthisseparatefromothernotebooks.Writesamplesentencesforyourselfandreviewyourpersonaldictionaryeverynightbeforebed.Dontalwayspayattentiontogrammar.Free-writingcanbeveryuseful.Itcanshowyouthatwritingisfun.Havefunwiththelanguage.,g)h)i)j),1.LifeofWilliamShakespeare,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,WilliamShakespeare(15641616)isconsideredthegreatestplaywrightwhoeverlived.ShakespearewasborninStratford-upon-Avon.Whiletheactualdateofhisbirthisnotknown,itistraditionallycelebratedonApril23rd.ShakespeareleftStratfordsometimebetween1585and1592,andjoinedacompanyofactorsasaperformerandplaywright.In1594,.,BackgroundInformation,Shakespearebecameanactorandplaywrightforatheatertroupe(剧团).UntiltheendofhisLondoncareerShakespeareremainedwiththecompany;asanactorheplayedoldmensroles,suchastheghostinHamletandOldAdaminAsYouLikeIt.In1599hebecameapartnerintheownershipoftheGlobeTheatre,andin1608hewaspartowneroftheBlackfriars,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,Theatre.ShakespeareretiredandreturnedtoStratford.Heundoubtedlyenjoyedacomfortablelivingthroughouthiscareerandinretirement,althoughhewasneverawealthyman.,BackgroundInformation,Stratford-upon-AvonisthebirthplaceoftheEnglishpoetandplaywrightWilliamShakespeare.Stratfordisanattractivemarkettowninmid-England.Andinsummerthetownisliterallyfestooned(用花彩装饰)withflowers.StratfordissituatedontheriverAvon.AndthefamousRoyalShakespeareTheatreliesonitsbanks.Theriverishometomanyswansandincreasingnumbersofgeese.,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,BackgroundInformation,2.PlaysofWilliamShakespeare,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,BackgroundInformation,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,BackgroundInformation,3.ShakespeareQuiz:TestyourknowledgeofShakespeare.,1)WhenwasShakespeareborn?2)Whosaid“O,Romeo,Romeo,whereforeartthouRomeo”?3)Theline“Tobeornottobe”comesfromwhichplay?a)KingLear.b)RichardII.c)JuliusCaesar.d)Hamlet.4)Shakespearewasbornin:a)Stratford.b)London.c)Venice.d)NewYork.,Shakespearewasbornin1564.,Fromherbalcony,Julietsaid“O,Romeo,Romeo,whereforeartthouRomeo?”inRomeoandJuliet.,d).,a).,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,BackgroundInformation,5)WasShakespeareanactoraswellasapoetandplaywright?6)IsthereamonumentofShakespeareinStratfordtoday?,Yes,ShakespeareactedinhisownplaysbeforeQueenElizabethIandKingJamesI.,Yes,thereis.,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,BackgroundInformation,4.MatchtheplaysofShakespearewiththeirChinesetranslations.,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,BackgroundInformation,AllsWellThatEndsWellAsYouLikeItTheComedyofErrorsMeasureforMeasureTheMerchantofVeniceAMidsummerNightsDreamMuchAdoAboutNothingTamingoftheShrewTheTempestTwelfthNightWintersTaleHamletKingLearMacbethOthelloRomeoandJuliet,驯悍记罗密欧与朱丽叶第十二夜错误的喜剧李尔王哈姆雷特冬天的故事一报还一报奥瑟罗仲夏夜之梦终成眷属皆大欢喜麦克白威尼斯商人暴风雨无事生非,终成眷属皆大欢喜错误的喜剧一报还一报威尼斯商人仲夏夜之梦无事生非驯悍记暴风雨第十二夜冬天的故事哈姆雷特李尔王麦克白奥瑟罗罗密欧与朱丽叶,Warm-upQuestions,ListenandThink,ReadandThink,ThinkandSpeak,BackgroundInformation,AllsWellThatEndsWellAsYouLikeItTheComedyofErrorsMeasureforMeasureTheMerchantofVeniceAMidsummerNightsDreamMuchAdoAboutNothingTamingoftheShrewTheTempestTwelfthNightWintersTaleHamletKingLearMacbethOthelloRomeoandJuliet,Directions:ThefollowingsentencesarequotedfromtextA.Rearrangethemintoalogicalorder.,Nodoubtthisistruetoacertainextent,butitisnotveryhelpfultostudents.Butitisdifficultforanyonetoexplaininsimplelanguagewhyonemethodisbetterthananother,anditisnousepretendingthatanyonehasdiscoveredaperfectwayofteachingEnglishineverypossiblesituation.Itisnaturalforstudentstobeattractedtomethodsthatwillteachthemasquicklyandefficientlyandcheaplyaspossible.Someexpertsevenarguethatthereareasmanygoodmethodsofteachingalanguageastherearegoodteachers,becauseeveryteacherisanindividualwithhisownpersonality.,SentenceRearrangement,ListofHeadings,AgreeorDisagree,QuestionsandAnswers,.,3-2-4-1,Directions:ThefollowingaresomeviewpointsaboutEnglishlearningquotedfromTextA.Doyouagreewiththem?Whatarethepossibleattitudesoftheauthortowardsthem?,OnemaylearntospeakEnglishfluentlyinthreemonthswithpropermethods.Theonlywaytolearnalanguageistospendagreatdealoftimeinthecountrywhereitisspoken.OnecanteachhimselfEnglishathomewithtextbooksanddictionaries.NoonecaneverlearntospeakEnglishoranyotherlanguageunlessheisinterestedinit.,.,SentenceRearrangement,ListofHeadings,AgreeorDisagree,QuestionsandAnswers,Directions:TextAhassixparagraphs(1-6).Choosethemostsuitableheadingforeachparagraphfromthelistofheadingsbelow.,AgoodmethodthatsuitsallstudentsdoesnotexistThebehavioristapproachTwofalseattitudestowardEnglishlearningTheroleoffellowstudentsAdvertisementsoftengivethefalseimpressionTheroleofinterest,1-E2-A3-C4-B5-F6-D,SentenceRearrangement,ListofHeadings,AgreeorDisagree,QuestionsandAnswers,1.AccordingtoWillPidcroft,thewriterofthistext,canEnglishbemasteredwithinaveryshortperiodoftime?2.Whatisthebeliefheldbybehavioristsintermsoflanguagelearning?,Behavioristsbelievethatlanguagelearningisakindofhabitformation.Sotheyarefondofmakingstudentsrepeatphrasesanddoexerciseswheretheycontinuallyhavetochangeonewordinasentence.,No,WillPidcroftdoesntthinkthatEnglishcanbemasteredwithinashortperiodoftime.,SentenceRearrangement,ListofHeadings,AgreeorDisagree,QuestionsandAnswers,3.WhatdoesPidcroftsayaboutonesinterestinlanguagelearning?4.WhatdistinguisheshumanbeingsfromparrotsandchimpanzeesaccordingtoPidcroft?,Parrotsandchimpanzeesmakenoisesthataremeaninglesswhilethespeechsoundshumanbeingsmakearemeaningfulandtheycanrelatethemtotheirownlives.Inotherwords,humanbeingsuselanguagetocommunicate.,Pidcroftthinksthatinterestisaveryimportantfactorinlanguagelearning.,SentenceRearrangement,ListofHeadings,AgreeorDisagree,QuestionsandAnswers,AsEnglishisbecominganinternationallanguageandthusausefultoolforpeopleintheworldtocommunicatewithoneanother,moreandmorepeoplearelearningEnglish.Andtheynaturallyhopethattheycanbecomecompetentusersofthislanguagewithintheshortestpossibletime.Butarethereeasier,quickerwaystomasterEnglish?Readthefollowingessayandseewhatalanguageteacherhastosay.,DetailedReading,ShakespeareorCharlesDickenstoencouragehimevenmore.WhenIseeadvertisementslikethis,Idontknowwhethertolaughorcry.IfitwereaseasytolearnEnglishastheysay,Iwouldhavetolookforanotherjob,becauseveryfewqualifiedteacherswouldbeneeded.Butalargenumberofpeoplemustbelievetheseridiculousclaims,orelsetheadvertisementswouldnotappear.,EverydayIseeadvertisementsinthenewspapersandonthebusesclaimingthatitiseasytolearnEnglish.Accordingtotheseadvertisements,withverylittleeffortonthestudentspart,hewillbeabletospeakthelanguagefluentlyinthreemonthsoreventendays.ThereisoftenareferencetoWilliam,ALanguageTeachersPersonalOpinionWillPidcroft,DetailedReading,Itisnaturalforstudentstobeattractedtomethodsthatwillteachthemasquicklyandefficientlyandcheaplyaspossible.Butitisdifficultforanyonetoexplaininsimplelanguagewhyonemethodisbetterthananother,anditisnousepretendingthatanyonehasdiscoveredaperfectwayofteachingEnglishineverypossiblesituation.Someexpertsevenarguethatthereareasmanygoodmethodsofteachingalanguageastherearegoodteachers,becauseeveryteacherisanindividualwithhisownpersonality.Nodoubtthisistruetoacertainextent,butitisnotveryhelpfultostudents.,DetailedReading,England,America,orAustraliatolearnEnglishhaveagreatadvantageoverothers,butalargenumberofstudentscannotaffordtodoso.Somestudentsgototheoppositeextremeandthinktheycanteachthemselvesathomewithdictionaries.ButitiswrongtoassumethateachwordinEnglishhasapreciseequivalentinanotherlanguageandviceversa,anditisimpossibleforanytranslationmethodtoprovidestudentswiththenaturalformsofalanguageinspeech,letaloneproducegoodpronunciationandintonation.,DetailedReading,Foralongtimepeoplebelievedthattheonlywaytolearnalanguagewastospendagreatdealoftimeinacountrywhereitwasspoken.Ofcourseitisclearthatstudentswhogoto,Agreatdealofteachingisstillbasedonbehavioristpsychology.Behavioristsarefondofmakingstudentsrepeatphrasesandmakingthemdoexerciseswheretheycontinuallyhavetochangeonewordinasentence.Ifwewereparrotsorchimpanzees,thesemethodsmightbesuccessful.Alargenumberoftheoristsseemtothinkitisapitywearent,becauseitwouldmakeiteasiertousetheirmethods.,DetailedReading,Inmypersonalopinion,noonecaneverlearntospeakEnglishoranyotherlanguageunlessheisinterestedinit.Humanbeings,unlikeparrotsandchimpanzees,donotlikemakingnoisesunlesstheyunderstandwhatthenoisesmeanandcanrelatethemtotheirownlives.Itisworthrememberingthatlanguageisameansofcommunication.,DetailedReading,Whatpeoplewanttosayandwriteinanotherlanguageisprobablyverysimilartowhattheywanttosayandwriteintheirown.Whattheylistentoandreadcannotbeaformula.Itmustbereal.,DetailedReading,Thereisanotherrelevantpointworthmentioninghere.Weneedotherpeopletotalktoandlistentowhenwecommunicate.Ifwhatwearelearningisstrangetous,itwillbehelpfulifthereareotherstudentsarounduswhocanworkwithusandpractisetheunfamiliarformswithusinrealsituations,talkingtoeachotheraboutreallifeinreallanguage.,1.Whoare“WilliamShakespeare”and“CharlesDickens”?2.Whyaretheymentionedintheadvertisements?,ThereisoftenareferencetoWilliamShakespeareorCharlesDickenstoencouragehimevenmore.,Thepeoplewhoruntheadvertisementsjustwanttousequotationstosupporttheirpoints.,DetailedReading,IfitwereaseasytolearnEnglishastheysay,Iwouldhavetolookforanotherjob,becauseveryfewqualifiedteacherswouldbeneeded.,Whatistheauthorsprofession?,HemustbeanEnglishteacherwhosejobistotrainqualifiedEnglishteachers.,DetailedReading,anditisnousepretendingthatanyonehasdiscoveredaperfectwayofteachingEnglishineverypossiblesituation.,1.Whatarethemeaningandtheusageofthephrase“itisnouse”?,1)Thephrasemeans“ithasnoeffect”.2)WheneverweusethisphraseweshouldalwaysusetheV-ingformafterit.,Itsnousecomplaining.Itsnousecryingoverspiltmilk,hesspentallthemoney,andtheresnothingyoucandoaboutit.,Moreexamples:,2.TranslatethispartintoChinese.,而且也无需装模作样地声称有什么人已经找到了一个万能的适合所有学习环境的教学方法。,DetailedReading,Nodoubtthisistruetoacertainextent,butitisnotveryhelpfultostudents.,1.Whatcanwelearnfromtheexpression“Thisistruetoacertainextent,but”?,Wecanseetheauthordoesnttotallyagreewiththepreviousstatement.,2.Then,what,intheauthorsopinion,ishelpfultostudents?,StudentsshouldhavesomegoodmethodsinlearningEnglish.,DetailedReading,Somestudentsgototheoppositeextremeandthinktheycanteachthemselvesathomewithdictionaries.,Whatcanweinferfromthephrase“gototheoppositeextreme”?,Fromthisphrase,wecanseethattheauthordoesntthinklearningEnglishbyusingdictionariesonlyisagoodmethod,either.,DetailedReading,ButitiswrongtoassumethateachwordinEnglishhasapreciseequivalentinanotherlanguageandviceversa.,TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,如果你认为英语中的每一个词在另一语言中都有完全对等的词（或反之亦然），那就错了。,DetailedReading,Ifwewereparrotsorchimpanzees,thesemethodsmightbesuccessful.,Whatcanweinferfromthesentence?,Theauthorusessubjunctivemoodheretoshowhedisagreeswithbehaviorists.,DetailedReading,Humanbeings,unlikeparrotsandchimpanzees,canrelatethemtotheirownlives.,Whydoestheauthorcomparehumanbeingswithparrotsandchimpanzees?,TheauthordoessoinordertotellushumanbeingsspeakEnglishbecausetheyareinterestedinit.,DetailedReading,Itisworthrememberingthatlanguageisameansofcommunication.,1.Payattentiontotheusageoftheword“worth”.,WhenweusethisexpressionweshouldalwaysusetheV-ingformaftertheword“worth”,neveraninfinitive.,2.Paraphrasethesentence.,Itislikelytogiveasatisfactoryorrewardingreturnforustokeepinmindthatlanguageisawaytocommunicate.,Thebookisworthreading/Itsworthreadingthebook.,Moreexamples:,DetailedReading,Whattheylistentoandreadcannotbeaformula.,TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,人们所听所读的不应该是程式化的东西。,DetailedReading,personal:adj.concerning,belongingto,orfortheuseofaparticularperson;private,Mypersonalviewisthatthestudentsshouldbedoingmoreworkoutsidetheclassroom.,WhenIwenttoherroomallherpersonalbelongingshadgone.,DetailedReading,advertisement:n.apicture,shortfilm,song,etc.whichtriestopersuadepeopletobuyaproductorservice,atelevision/newspaperadvertisementforanewcar,TheyputanadvertisementinTheMorningNews,offeringahighsalaryfortherightperson.,Collocation:,answeranadvertisement应广告之聘putanadvertisementin/on在做广告runanadvertisement做广告buythingsfrom/inadvertisements购买广告上宣传的商品,DetailedReading,Theorganizersoft