m6uit3grammar上课.ppt

Unit3Understandingeachother,Grammarandusage,虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设,或一种主观愿望,即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.,虚拟语气的定义,关键是什么,与事实相反！,考点与难点归纳,考点与难点归纳,1.一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法2.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法3.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气用法4.一般条件句中虚拟语气的倒装5.与含蓄条件句6.虚拟语气与陈述语气的判定,考点,难点,错综时间条件句,had+done,1.did2.should+do3.wereto+do,woulddo,woulddo,did(be-were）,wouldhavedone,1.if虚拟语气,could-Might/should,现在：,Ifwere/did,would/could/mightdo,1.假如我有更多的时间，我就会学习德语。,IfIhadmoretime，IwouldstudyGerman.,2.要是我象你一样年轻,我就会找时间锻炼.,IfIwereyoungasyou,Iwouldfindtimetoexercise.,Practice:,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,IfIwerentaddictedtoQQgames,Iwouldmakegreaterprogressinmystudies.,WhatwouldhappenifyouwerenotaddictedtoQQgame?,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,过去：,Ifhadbeen/done,would/could/mighthavedone,1)如果他抓紧时间，他本来能赶上那趟火车。,Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.,2)如果你昨天告诉他，他也许会提些建议了。,Ifyouhadtoldhimyesterday,hemighthavemadesomesuggestions.,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,IfI_busylastnight,I_toseethefilmwithyou.,hadnotbeen,wouldhavegone,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,Ifhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.,wouldnothavehad,haddriven,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,将来：,Ifwere/did/should/wereto,would/should/mightdo,Practice:,1)假如我要出国，我就会去法国。,IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoFrance.,2)万一明天下雨，我们的运动会就推迟。,Ifitshouldraintomorrow,oursportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,Mark:100,Ifyougot/weretoget/shouldgetafullmarknexttime,Iwouldtreatyoutoawonderfulperformance.,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,1)Would,couldandmightareofteninterchangeable,butwithsomedifferencesinmeaning.,wouldintention;plan,couldability;possibility,mightprobability,2)InwrittenEnglishorinformalsituation,weusuallyusewereinIf-clausesinplaceofwas.However,ineverydayconversation,wasisoftenused.,TIPS,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,条件从句,If从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,将来,did（were）,haddone,would/could/should/might+do,would/could/should/might+havedone,1.did2.should+do3.weretodo,would/could/should/might+do,一般条件句中虚拟语气的用法,Wecanalsoputshould,wereandhadatthebeginningofanunrealconditionalsentence.Inthiscase,ifisnotneededanymore.Pleaserewritethesentences:,E.g.,Ifyoushouldmakeamistake,youshouldnotbeembarrassed.,Shouldyoumakeamistake,youshouldnotbeembarrassed.,条件句中虚拟语气的倒装,2)Ifyouhadtoldmeearlier,Iwouldnothavethisproblemnow.,Hadyoutoldmeearlier,Iwouldnothavethisproblemnow.,3)Ifyouweretotakethetrain,youwouldbetheremuchsooner.,Wereyoutotakethetrain,youwouldbetheremuchsooner.,条件句中虚拟语气的倒装,条件句中虚拟语气的倒装,TIPS,注意:如果省略的条件句中的谓语动词是否定形式时,不能用动词的缩略形式.,我们可以说:Wereitnotfortheexpense,Iwouldgoabroadnow.但是不能说:Werentitfor,E.g.,_she_yesterday,shewouldmeetthefamoussingertoday.Hadnt;leftB.Had;notleftC.If;didntleaveD.Didnt;leave,当条件状语从句所表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”。在这种情况下，我们切不可照搬某种形式，而应该按照句中所表述的时间关系，再选择相应的虚拟形式。,错综时间条件句,1.Iftheflowerhadbeenwatered,it_now.A.wouldntdieB.isdeadC.hadbeendeadD.willnotdie2.Ifhistelevisionsethadnotbeenstolenyesterday,he_TVnow.A.wouldwatchB.wouldhavewatchedC.wouldbewatchingD.iswatching,错综时间条件句,Ifyou_(study)hardbefore,you_(be)acollegestudentnowandyou_(graduate)fromacollegeinfourstime.,hadstudied,wouldbe,wouldgraduate,Morepractice,Fillintheblankswiththeverbsgiveninthebracketsintheirproperforms.,1.Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_(drive)inturn,you_(notget)sotired.,2._it_(notbe)foryourhelp,Icouldnthavemadeanyprogress.,haddriven,wouldnthavegot,Had,notbeen,3.HasMrSmithrecoverednow?Yes.Who_(think)thatsuchaseriousillnesscouldbecured?,4._it_(rain)tomorrow,thematchwouldbecalledoff.,wouldhavethought,Were/Should,torain/rain,5.MostofthestudentsfeltratherdisappointedattheEnglishparty.Theysaidthatit_(organize)better.,6.Jeandoesntwanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatif_(get)ajob,sheprobablywouldntbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.,could/mighthavebeenorganized,weretoget/shouldget/got,7.Muchlabourwouldhavebeensavedifelectroniccomputer_(invent)before.,8.Welldone,Jack！Thanks.Butgivenmoretime,I_(do)itbetter.,hadbeeninvented,cold/would/mighthavedone,Nowherearemoreexercisesforyoutocheckwhetheryouhavemasteredwhatyouhavelearnedinthisclass.Pleasechoosethecorrectanswerstothefollowingmultiplechoices.,Choosetherightanswer:,EverythingifAlberthadntcalledthefirebrigade.,willbedestroyedB.willhavebeendestroyedC.wouldbedestroyedD.wouldhavebeendestroyed,2.Thebusinessisrisky.But_,wewouldberich.A.shouldwesucceedB.weshouldsucceedC.mightwesucceedD.wouldwesucceed,3.Whatwouldhavehappened,_,asfarastheriverbank?,A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther,4.I_yousomemoney,butIhadntanyonmethen.,A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhavelent,5._today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.,A.WasheleavingB.IfheleavesC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheisleaving,6.Supposingthisship,doyouthinktherewouldbeenoughlifejacketsforallthepassengers?,weretosinkB.hassunkC.wassinkingD.sunk,7.Idontthinkhellattendtheparty,and_heattendit,whatwouldhewear?,A.wereB.hadC.didD.should,9.Youcanaskyourbrotherforhelp.Heisntathome.Ifhe_,I_.,were,wouldB.is,wouldC.is,willD.were,will,10.AreyouthinkingaboutgoingtoDalianforthevacation?,No,butifI_time,Iverygladtogothere.,A.have,willbeB.hadhad,wouldhavebeenC.had,wouldbeD.hadhad,wouldbe,11.SallyfinallygotherefromChicago.,Ifshe_earlier,we_hertothepartythen.,came,wouldtakeB.hadcome,wouldhavetakenC.comes,willtakeD.hadcome,wouldtake,12.Ifyou_George,wouldyoupleasetellhimtoringme?,sawB.wereto