单项填空答题指导

,单项填空答题指导,一、高考命题趋势,1、试题将会进一步加大知识点的覆盖面，加强学科能力的考查内容。在注意突出动词考查的同时，将综合考虑对语法知识点的考查。,2、试题将充分体现语法服务于语言的命题原则。纯语法规则测试题可能不会出现，将进一步加大考查学生对英语知识的综合运用能力、理解能力和逻辑推理能力。,3、试题设计将会更灵活，题干加长，信息量加大，突出语境，增加对话形式的题目，从而更有效地测试考生知识运用的灵活性。,二、答题方法和技巧,1、注意英汉差异，排除汉语干扰。,考生应尽可能多地了解西方文化背景、风俗习惯和思维习惯，避免汉语式英语。例如：,(1)-Itsgettinglate.ImafraidImustbegoingnow.-OK._.A.Takeiteasy.B.Goslowly.C.Staylater.D.Seeyou.(2)-DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?-_.Ifeelabitcold.A.Ofcoursenot.B.Idratheryoudidnt.C.Goahead.D.Whynot?,D,B,(3)No,Imafraidheisntin.Thisishissecretaryspeaking.CanIhelpyou?-_.A.Oh,youwill.B.Oh,thatsapity.C.Ishouldthinkso.D.Well,Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.(4)-Thanksforthelovelypartyandthedeliciousfood.-_.A.Nothanks.B.Nevermind.C.Allright.D.Mypleasure.,C,D,(5)-Imsorry,Imcallingyousolate.-_Okay.A.Thisis.B.Youre.C.Thats.D.Im.(6)-YouvegivenusawonderfulChinesedinner,Mrs.Wang.-_.A.Oh,ImafraidIdidntcookverywell.B.Imgladyouenjoyedit.C.Comeagainwhenyouarefree.D.Itsnotnecessaryforyoutosayso.,C,B,2、捕捉标志性词汇，寻找解题突破口。,标志性词汇就是“题眼”。抓住了题眼，就能准确判断命题者的意图，缩小思考范围，迅速发现解题突破口，从而准确作答。例如：,(1)Ihadtobuy_thesebooksbecauseIdidntknowwhichonewasthebest.A.both.B.none.C.neither.D.all.(2)_canyouexpecttogetapayrise.A.Withhardwork.B.Althoughworkhard.C.Onlywithhardwork.D.Nowthatheworkshard.,D,解析：（1）本题中的标志性词汇是because引导的从句中出现了最高级best，由此可知，只能选用三者以上的词，排除A、C两项。而nonethesebooks则是错误的。,C,(2)本题中的标志性词汇是canyou，四个选项中只有当only用在句首时才会引起句子倒装,(3)Thesunwasshiningbrightly,_everythingthere_morebeautiful.A.tomake;looked.B.making;look.C.andmade;looking.D.andmaking;belooked.(4)-CanIhelpyou?-Idliketobuyapresentformyfathersbirthday,_ataproperpricebutofgreatuse.A.that.B.anything.C.everything.D.one.(5)_Marywasworriedseemedobvioustoeveryoneatthemeetinglastnight.A.That.B.What.C.WhetherD.Who.,B,D,A,3、排除冗余信息，抓住句子的主线。,题干中的冗余信息，往往能够挡住考生的视线，“声东击西”，模糊命题人的意图。考生必须通过拆分简化，找出主线，领会句意，方能“拨开云雾见青天”。例如：,(1)Johnplaysfootball_,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswell.B.aswellas.C.sowell.D.sowellas.(2)MrReedmadeuphismindtodevoteallhehadto_someschoolsforpoorchildren.A.setup.B.settingup.C.havesetup.D.havingsetup.,B,解析（1）删除插入部分ifnotbetterthan，答案就一目了然。其中D项用于否定句。,B,(2)本题中的hehad是一个定语从句,若删去,则句子的结构非常清楚.devotetodoing是固定搭配.,(3)Whichofhisbooksdoyouthink_best?A.issold.B.sells.C.arewritten.D.write.(4)Theyoungmanmadesomuchnoisethathe_nothavebeenallowedtoattendtheconcert.A.could.B.must.C.would.D.should.(5)Childrenatthebeginningofthiscentury_alotand_themselvesgreatlyevenwithouttelevision.A.usedtoread;enjoying.B.usedtoread;enjoyed.C.wereusedtoreading;enjoy.D.wereusedtoread;enjoying.(6)-Wouldyoumindhavingthisletter_?-Sorry,Ihavesomethingmoreimportant_.A.totype;todo.B.typed;done.C.typed;todo.D.totype;done.,B,D,B,C,4、运用句子还原法，巧识庐山真面目。,通过对题干进行适当的转换，使之成为我们熟悉的句型，可以使试题难度减小，结构清晰，句意明确，从而准确作答。例如：,（1）Whowouldyouhave_onthewallnew-spaper?A.towork.B.work.C.worked.D.working.(2)Whatagoodtimewehad_withher!A.worked.B.towork.C.working.D.work.(3)Waysmustbethoughtof_thebalanceofnature.A.keep.B.keeping.C.tokeep.D.beingkept.,B,解析：（1)原句可还原为“Iwouldhavehim_onthewallnewspaper.”,C,(2)原句可还原为“Wehadagoodtime(in)workingwithher.,C,（3）原句可还原为“Wemustthinkofwaystokeepthebalanceofnature.”,(4)Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestinliterature_hechosethecourse.A.that.B.what.C.why.D.how.(5)-Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?-_thechildren.A.Itis.B.Theyare.C.Thatis.D.Thereare.(6)Wasitduringthesummervacation_hewenttoShanghai?A.that.B.when.C.where.D.which.(7)_carefulwhenyoucrosstheroad.A.Do.B.Dobe.C.Is.D.Are.(8)-Wherewasitthattheywatchedthevideo?-Itwasintheoffice_heworked.A.where.B.that.C.inthat.D.when.,A,A,A,B,A,5、合并句子，完整理解。,合并句子也就是将两个分散的句子或对话中的句子重新组合成一个新的完整的句子，这样有利于全面理解，从而达到选择最佳答案的目的。例如：,(1)-Mum,whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday?-_enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.A.Get.B.Getting.C.Toget.D.Got.,C,解析：将两个句子合并，此题的完整回答是：Youeataneggeverydaytogetenoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup.,答语在句中作目的状语，最佳答案即浮出水面。考生易误选B项。现在分词在句中可作状语，但不能表目的，失误的原因在于没有真正理解句意。,(2)Ithinkfatherwouldliketoknow_Ivebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.A.which.B.why.C.what.D.how.(3)Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.who.B.that.C.what.D.which.(4)-Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?-Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim_hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.after.B.unless.C.until.D.when.(5)-DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoney?-Yes,Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.while.B.themoment.C.suddenly.D.once.,C,D,C,B,6、克服思维定势，认真追根溯源。,命题者会利用考生的思维定势或易停留在表层理解上等心理特点设计考题。考生必须认真分析，排除表面干扰，找准命题意旨所在，才不至于失去宝贵的分数。,例如：Itisprettywellunderstood_controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandoutoftheatmospheretoday.A.that.B.when.C.what.D.how.(2)Itwas_theoldclockthattheoldmanspentthewholemorningathome.A.repair.B.repairing.C.torepair.D.repaired.(3)-WhydidyouaskJackforhelpinsteadofJim?-Heis_helpfulthanJim,Ithink.A.nomore.B.anymore.C.notmore.D.somemore.,C,B,D,(4)-IhearJohnwasbadlyjnjuredintheaccident.-_,letsgoandseehim.A.Whatsmore.B.Ifso.C.Wherepossible.D.Whennecessary.(5)_hisface,theyoungmanmustbeover20.A.Judgedfrom.B.Judged.C.Judgingfrom.D.Judging.(6)Now_yourturntorecitethetext.A.thereis.B.hascome.C.comes.D.willcome.(7)Afterthepatientswentintotheoffice,_working.A.onlyadoctordidtheysee.B.onlyadoctorsawthey.C.onlyadoctortheysaw.D.onlyadoctorhadtheyseen.(8)HismotherhadtalkedtohimformanyminuteswhilehewaswatchingTV,but_.A.alittledidhehear.B.littledidhehear.C.littleheardhe.D.alittleheardhe.,B,C,C,C,B,7、“瞻前顾后”，切勿漏掉有用信息。,务必浏览整个题干，有些重要信息往往存在于后面某个单词上，读题粗略，势必导致错误。考生必须耐心读题，直至最后，分析潜在的信息，克服先入为主的心理障碍。如：,(1)Robertissaid_abroad,butIdontknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.A.tohavestudied.B.tostudy.C.tobestudying.D.tohavebeenstudying.(2)-Jimisunabletohelpyou.WhynotaskJacktohelpyou?-Heis_helpfulthanJim,Imafraid.A.nomore.B.anymore.C.notmore.D.somemore.,A,解析(1)第二个句子中的动词studied决定着本题答案的选择,因“留学”一事已成为往事,故所填部分只能是动词不定式的完成式.,A,(2)句意为:恐怕他和Jim一样不肯帮忙。nomore.than表示“和一样不”。,(3)IgotapieceofmailyesterdaywhichI_fortwoweeks.A.hadexpectedit.B.wereexpecting.C.hadbeenexpecting.D.haveexpected.(4)-MayIspeaktoyourmanagerMrBlackatsevenoclocktonight?-Imsorry.MrBlack_toapartylongbeforethen.A.willhavegone.B.hadgone.C.wouldhavegone.D.hasgone.(5)Aweekistoolong.Trytobebackina_ofdays.A.number.B.dozen.C.couple.D.score.(6)Igavethepaperstoeveryoneoftheclassexcept,ofcourse,_whohadalreadycometotheofficetocollect_.A.those;them.B.those;it.C.ones;them.D.ones;it.,C,A,C,A,8、补全所缺成分，利于正确选择。,有些题目由于省略了某些句子成分而使得难度加大，不易理解；若补上省略的成分，则会使难度降低，便于选择最佳答案。,例如：(1)Whenfirst_tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducing.B.introduced.C.introduce.D.beingintroduced.(2)Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheard_.A.thebettervoice.B.agoodvoice.C.abestvoice.D.abettervoice.,B,解析(1)状语从句恢复完整应为“Whentheseproductswerefirstintroducedtothemarket”。全句意为“这些产品刚投放市场就很成功（销量很好）。”,D,（2）句子后面省略了thanhers.,练习题：,（）“Longtimenosee”is_sortofinformal,butitispartof_languagethatAmericansusedaily.A.the;a.B.a;the.C.不填;the.D.a;a.(2)Duringashorttrackrace,fourskaterscompetewiththosewhoplacefirstandsecondadvancingtothenext_.A.round.B.step.C.circle.D.way.(3)Nathaliesuggestedtheproblemworthpayingattention_atthemeeting.A.tobediscussed.B.tobeendiscussed.C.beingdiscussed.D.bediscussed.,C,A,A,(4)Consideringthepresentbirthrate,thepredictionthattheworldpopulationwilldecreaseinthenearfuturesimplydoesnot_.A.exist.B.prove.C.stand.D.holdwater.(5)-ImsorryIcantreachthebookontheshelf.-Pleasehavesomebodyelsewhois_getit.A.tallenough.B.tallenoughtoC.astallasyou.D.verytallto.(6)-Igotmyfirst“Hey,thatguyknowsEnglish!”jobafteronlyaboutamonthinChina!-_.A.Repeatandsayitslowly.B.Sorry,Ididntcatchthat.C.Couldyouspeakbetter,please?D.Excuseme,Imnothearingyou.,D,A,B,(7)Onceinbed,Ireadfortwentyminutesandthen_thelight.A.turnedout.B.turnedover.C.turnedon.D.turnedup.(8)Chinaseconomicdevelopmenthasmade_rapidprogressinthepast20yearsandyoungpeoplehavemade_greatcontribut