猜测词义课件.ppt

WelcometoOurClass,欢迎您,TeachingPlanandAims教学计划和目的,Inthisperiod,wearegoingtoanalyzetheskillsofguessingwordmeaninginreading,inaddition,wearetodosomeexercisestosumtherulesofthem.本节课我们将简要分析一下阅读中的猜词技巧,通过做练习来总结一些规律。,Revision复习,Therearefourtypesofreadingintheexamincludingdetail,guessingwordmeaning,mainideaandtitle.高考阅读题的四种类型：细节题，猜测词义题，主旨大意题和标题题。,GuessingWordMeaninginReading,阅读中的猜词技巧,1Doctorsbelievethatsmokingcigarettesisdetrimentaltohealth.Theyalsoregarddrinkingasharmful.4Thechildisasfragileasglass.5.Hefellintoaditchandlaythere，semiconscious，forafewminutes.,不利的，有害的,脆弱的,半清醒的，半昏迷的,根据文章的综合信息推测词义根据文章的内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识来分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后结合上下文，根据逻辑关系推断生词词义或大致意思。在解题时，我们可以利用上下文的线索、暗示信息或单词的作用和关系准确推测词义。,1Sociologyisthetermusedtodescribethescientificstudyofhumansociety.2Theyneedtomaketheirincomemeetthecostofliving，somanypeopleplanafamilybudget.Abudgetisalistofmonthlyexpenses.3Janeisindecisive，thatis，shecantmakeuphermind.,社会学的,预算,优柔寡断的，没有决策能力的,定义释义法释义指对陌生词的解释(解释性描述)，一般通过定义、定语从句、词组、同位语从句来体现。其表现形式为：用thatis，inotherwords，or，mean，becalled，referto或连系动词tobe等定义或重述形式来解释生词。,1Theflowersinthevasewitheredbecausetheyhadnowater.3Onewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothing.4Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.,枯萎，凋谢,穷困的,大的,因果法有时文章借助关联词(如because，as，since，for，so，thus，astheresult，ofcourse，therefore等等)表示前因后果。有时利用动词(如leadto，cause，resultin，resultfrom，bringabout等)表达因果关系。,1Heisaseriouspersonwhoalwaysdoeseverythingconscientiously.2Ifyoudontstopdoinglikethis，youllimpairyourhealth.3Hestrayedbecauseofthedarkness，anddidntknowwherehewas.,认真,伤害健康,迷路,根据同等关系猜测词义同等关系指一组词在句中作同一成分，且它们的词义属于同一义域，这些词常用and或or来连接。,1UnliketheUniteStateswheremanydifferentnationalitiesmakeupthepopulation，Japanspopulationisquitehomogeneous.2Anyfoolcanmakesoap，butittakesageniustosellit.3AndrewisoneofthemostsuperciliousmanIknow.Hisbrother，incontrast，isquitehumbleandmodest.,单一名族的,有才能的人，天才,目空一切，傲慢的,对比法有的文章作者为了增强表达效果，会用一对反义词揭示事物的不同点，形成鲜明的对比，这时只要把握其中的一词，就不难推出另一词的含义；有时根据上下句之间表示转折或对比关系的连接词，就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。这种句子多半有unlike，although，but，yet，while，onthecontrary，ontheotherhand，insteadof，ratherthan等信息词。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比的意义。,1Themanwalkedbrisklytokeepwarmontheverycoldnight.3Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient，heusuallygivesananaesthetictomakehimunconscious，becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.5Thousandsofpeoplegotstuckinlifts.Butnoonepanicked，wepassedthetimetellingstories.,快速活动,麻醉剂,恐慌，害怕,根据生活经验常识和逻辑推理推测词义逻辑推理和自身的生活经验及普通常识能帮助我们确定词义。,LinkingtoExam高考链接,(07高考)However,menquicklyfoundmoreconvenientandreliablewaysoftellingthetime.Theylearnedtousetheshadowscastbythesun.Theymarkedthehoursoncandles,usedsandinhour-glasses,andinventedwater-clocks.Indeed,anyseriousstudentofantiqueshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalaces,statelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast.,44.Theunderlinedphrasestatelyhomesinparagraph4meansA.state-ownedhousesB.housesinverygoodconditionC.grandhousesopentothepublicD.houseswherestatesmenmeetregularly,（08高考）Musicwasnottheonlygulf.Fromclothingandhairstylestoactivitiesandexpectations,earliergenerationsofparentsandchildrenoftenappearedtomoveinseparateorbits.Today,thegenerationgaphasnotdisappeared,butitisgettingnarrowinmanyfamilies.Conversationsonsubjectssuchassexanddrugswouldnothavetakenplaceagenerationago.Nowtheyarecomfortableandcommon.,41.TheunderlinedwordgulfinPara.3mostprobablymeans_.A.interestB.distanceC.differenceD.separation,（09高考）Westudiedtheboardcritically.Someofuslookedwithoneeyeandheldupcertaincolorsagainsttheblackboard,rockingthesheetstotherightorleftwhileweconjuredupourdesigns.Otherstwistedtheirhairaroundtheirfingersorchewedtheireraserswhiledeepinthought.Wehadplansforthattendollargrandprize,eachandeveryoneofus.,47.Theunderlinedphraseinparagraph3mostprobablymeans_.A.formedanideaforB.madeanoutlineforC.madesomespaceforD.chosesomecolorsfor,（10高考）Whensomethinggoeswrong，itcanbeverysatisfyingtosay，“Well,itsso-and-sosfault.”or“IknowImlate，butitsnotmyfault；thecarbrokedown.”Itisprobablynotyourfault，butonceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation，youarealoserYoahavenopowerandcoulddonothingthathelpschangethesituation.However,youcanhavegreatpoweroverwhathappenstoyouifyoustopfocusingonwhomtoblameandstartfocusingonhowtoremedythesituation.Thisisthewinnerskeytosuccess.,47.TheunderlinedwordremedyinParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto.A.avoidB.acceptC.improveD.consider,（11高考）Candogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome?Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbe