商务合同翻译精讲ppt课件

1,商务合同的翻译,2,讨论：,外贸合同有哪些内容,3,HuzhouImport赔偿的保证repaymentforthis；赔偿金Aninsurancecontractthatpromisestopayforthereplacementorrepairoflostofdamagedgoods赔偿物e.g.toarrangeanagainstloss办理损失赔偿todemandanforthedelayedpayment因延期付款要求赔偿,21,Moneydemandedbyavictoriousnationattheendofawarasaconditionofpeaceisan.战争结束时，战胜国作为和平条件索取之款项称为“赔款”。,22,Infringement:violationn.违反；违背；侵犯；侵害,copyrightinfringement,版权侵犯,patentinfringement,专利侵权,trade-markinfringement,侵犯商标权,商标冒用,infringementofcontract,违反合同,infringementoffreedom,侵犯自由,23,Forcemajeure:anunexpectedandunavoidableeventthatcausesorallowsacontracttobechangedorcancelledifithasaforcemajeureclause.e.g.Asaresultofforcemajeurethetransactionwasnotcompleted.基于不可抗力的因素，交易未能完成。,24,Arbitration:thesettlingofadisputebymeansofaneutralthirdpartyratherthanbyacourtoflaw.仲裁（通过中立的第三方不通过法庭解决纠纷）e.g.Theydecidedtosettlethedisputeby.他们决定通过仲裁解决争议。,25,改错,Contractorshallassurefullresponsibilityfortheentireprojectworkuntilitsacceptance.在项目接收之前，承包方应对工程承担全部责任。FullsetcleanonboardmarineBillofLadingissuedtotheorderoftheshipperandblankendorsed.承运人签发的全套整洁、已装船的海运提单，空白背书。Thepaymentshallbemadebyconfirmed,irrevocableanddocumentaryLC.付款方式为经确认的、不可撤销的、书面信用证。,26,在以上三句中，acceptance、clean、totheorderof、confirmed和documentary的翻译均未能完全真实表示合同意思，这些词的中文完整意思分别是“验收”、“清洁”、“以为抬头”、“保兑的”和“跟单”。由以上各例可见，由于对商务合同中专业词汇的错误理解和翻译，从而传达了一种错误信息从而可能引发法律纠纷。,27,2.用语力求准确、明白、严密PartyAshallsendtechniciansatPartyBsexpensetotrainPartyBspersonnelwithin30daysaftersigningtheContract.甲方应于签约后三十天内派遣技术员培训乙方的人员，有关费用由乙方承担。ThisContractcanonlybealtered,amendedorsupplementedinaccordancewithdocumentssignedandsealedbyauthorizedrepresentativesofbothparties.本合同的修改补充应按双方授权代表签名盖章的文件，才能进行。,28,三、语言特色,3.UseoldEnglishTomakethecompoundwordsbyaddingafter,by,in,of,on,to,under,upon,orwithafterhere,there,orwhereHereafter:inthisdocumentandafterthispoint此后,以后Hereby:inthiswayorbythisletter以此,特此,由此Thereby:bythat按此,借此,从而,由此Therefrom:fromthat从那里,29,WhereasPartyAiswillingtoemployPartyBandPartyBagreestodoasPartyAsengineerinBeijing,itisherebyagreesasfollows.鉴于甲方愿聘请乙方,乙方同意应聘为甲方在北京的工程师,双方协议如下:Inconsiderationofthemutualcovenantsandagreementhereincontained,thepartiesagreeasfollows.双方考虑到在此提出的契约和协议,同意如下条款.,30,三、语言特色,4.Usethesynonymouswordwithitsrelevantwords多用成双成对的同义词Termsandconditions条件nullandvoid无效freeandclearof无ableandwilling能够并愿意anyduties,obligationsorliabilities所有责任applicablelaws,regulations,decrees,directives,andrules适用法律法规,31,anyandall全部charges,fees,costsandexpenses各种费用covenantsandagreements合同，协议customsandusages惯例importdutyandtax进口税捐keepsecretandconfidential保密licensesandpermits许可packingandwrappingexpenses包装费rightsandinterests权益settleclaimsanddebts清理债务shipsandvessels船只signandissue签发supportandmaintenance维护useandwont习惯，惯例,32,1）ThisAgreementmadeandenteredintobyandbetweenABCCo.andXYZCo.ABC公司和XYZ公司双方签订本协议。2）Alldocuments,letters,telegramsandtelexesinterchangedbetweenbothpartiesbeforethesigningoftheContractshallbecomenullandvoidautomaticallyfromthedateonwhichtheContractcomesintoforce.双方在签约前交换的所有文件、书信、电报和电传，应从本合同生效之日开始自动失效。,33,5、注意may、shall、should、will、maynot、shallnot等词语的法律内涵May、shall、should、will、maynot、shallnot等词的确很常见，但是在合同中这些词具有特殊的意义，所以翻译起来要极其谨慎，避免引起纠纷。a.May：在表示合同上的权利（Right）、权限（Power）或特权（Privilege）的场合中使用。若表示某种权利在法律上具有强制性的时候，更多的是“beentitled”。b.Shall：在合同中并不是单纯的将来时，一般用它来表示法律上可以强制执行的义务（Obligation）。如未履行，即视为违约，并构成某种赔偿责任。所以，shall在译文里，通常表示“应该”或“必须”，当然，也有不翻译的时候。例如：,34,Thepartiesheretoshall,firstofall,settleanydisputearisingfromorinconnectionwiththecontractbyfriendlynegotiations.Shouldsuchnegotiationsfail,suchdisputemaybereferredtothePeoplesCourthavingjurisdictiononsuchdisputeforsettlementintheabsenceofanyarbitrationclauseinthedisputedcontractorindefaultofagreementreachedaftersuchdisputeoccurs.双方首先应通过友好协商，解决因合同而发生的或与合同有关的争议。如果协商未果，合同中又无仲裁条款约定或争议发生后未就仲裁达成协议的，可将争议提交有管辖权的人民法院解决。,35,Thequalityandpricesofthecommoditiestobeexchangedbetweentheex-importersinthetwocountriesshallbeacceptabletobothsides.货物的质量和价格必须使进出口双方都能接受。Theformationofthiscontract,itsvalidity,interpretation,executionandsettlementofthedisputesshallbegovernedbyrelatedlawsofthePeoplesRepublicofChina.本合同的订立、效力、解释、履行和争议的解决均受中华人民共和国法律的管辖。shall没有译出。,36,c.Should：在合同中通常只用来表示语气较弱的假设，多翻译成“万一”或“如果”，极少译成“应该”。TheboardmeetingshallbeconvenedandpresidedoverbytheChairman.Shouldthechairmanbeabsent,thevice-Chairmanshall,inprinciple,conveneandpresideovertheboardmeeting.董事会会议应由董事长召集、主持；若董事长缺席，原则上应由副董事长召集、主持。,37,d.Will：一般使用在没有法律强制的情况下，也用做表示承担义务的声明，但语气和强制力比Shall弱。e.Maynot（或shallnot）：用于禁止性义务，即“不得做什么”。,38,Sentencefeatures,Usealotofcompleteandlongsentenceswithattributeandadverbialmodifiertoformthesimplesentencesandcompoundsentences,39,ThestylishfeaturesCorrectandprecise,Hereinaftercalled以下称为Unlessotherwisestipulatedin除非在中另有规定Thisshallprevailover则以为准,40,商务合同与协议的翻译,一、准确严谨faithfulnessWherebytheBuyersagreetobuyandtheSellersagreetoselltheundermentionedgoodso