单元质量评估(五).ppt

（五）Unit5（120分钟150分）,第二部分词汇知识运用(共两节,满分40分)第一节多项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)21.Thenewgovernmentmadeapromisethattheywouldsurelyimprovethe_ofpeopleslife.AoutlineB.qualityC.insuranceD.attitude,【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意：新政府做出承诺他们将一定提高人们的生活质量。quality“质量；品质”，符合题意。outline“要点；大纲；轮廓”；insurance“保险”；attitude“态度；看法”。,22.Hermother,anordinarywoman,is_toteachinginamountainvillage.AfrightenedB.concernedC.devotedD.interested【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的妈妈，一位普通的妇女，致力于山村教学。bedevotedto“致力于；专心于”，符合题意。frightened“受惊的；受恐吓的”；beconcernedabout“关心；挂念”;beinterestedin“对感兴趣”。,23.Inthissmalltown,therearemanypeoplewhoare_nowbecausetheonlyfactoryherewasshutdownlastyear.AatworkB.outofworkC.onbusinessD.inpower【解析】选B。考查介词短语。句意：在这个小镇，由于这里惟一的一家工厂去年倒闭了，现在有很多人失业了。outofwork“失业”，符合题意。atwork“在工作”；onbusiness“出差”；inpower“执政”。,24.ManypeoplesupportMr.White，andwillforhimatthemeetingtomorrow.A.voteB.goC.waitD.care【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人支持怀特先生，并将在明天的会上投他一票。votefor“投票；选举某人”，符合题意。gofor“喜爱；支持，拥护”；waitfor“等待，等候”；carefor“照料，照顾”。,25.Thelawyerwas_bysomebadguys，andwasbadlyinjured.A.ignoredB.sufferedC.packedD.attacked【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名律师被几个坏家伙攻击，伤得很严重。attack“进攻，攻击”，符合题意。ignore“不理睬，忽视”；suffer“遭受；患病”；pack“捆扎，包装”。,26.Allthepeopleshouldbekept，nomatterwhatkindofbackgroundtheycomefrom.A.straightB.equalC.looseD.reliable【解析】选B。句意：所有人不管来自什么样的背景，都应受到平等对待。equal“平等的”，符合题意。straight“直接的；笔直的”；loose“松的；松开的”；reliable“可信赖的，可靠的”。,27.Ourteacheroftentellsusthatoncein，wecancall110toturntothepoliceforhelp.2011长沙高一检测A.futureB.lineC.troubleD.agreement,【解析】选C。考查介词短语。句意：老师经常告诉我们，一旦遇到麻烦，可以打110向警察求助。introuble“处于麻烦中”，符合题意。infuture“以后”；inline“排队”；inagreement“意见一致”。,【方法技巧】“in+名词”短语小结“介词in+名词”是一个常见的短语构成搭配，常见的此类结构的短语有：introuble处于麻烦中indanger在危险中inplace恰当的infuture在将来，在未来,inline排队inagreement意见一致insilence沉默insurprise吃惊inorder有序,28.Therobbertriedeverymeans,butcouldntbeingcaughtbythepolicemenfinally.A.chooseB.protectC.escapeD.consider【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：抢劫犯尝试了一切办法，但最终还是被警察抓住了。escape“逃脱，逃走”，后接动名词，表示“逃避”，符合题意。choose“选择，挑选”；protect“保护”；consider“考虑，思考”。,29.Wedbettertakethemedicineundertheofthedoctors.A.surveyB.usageC.guidanceD.detail【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们最好按照医生的指导服药。guidance“指导；领导”，符合题意。survey“调查；测验”；usage“使用；用法”；detail“细节；详情”。,30.Themanagerofthecompanywhoispopularwitheveryoneis_withhismoney.A.selfishB.unhappyC.frequentD.generous【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很受大家喜爱的公司经理在金钱方面很大方。generous“大方的，慷慨的”，符合题意。selfish“自私的”；unhappy“不快乐的”；frequent“频繁的，常见的”。,第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)Apersonmayhaveanideaabouthimselfthatwillpreventhimfromdoinggoodwork.Hemayhavethebeliefthatheisnotcapable(有能力的)ofit.Achildmaythinkheis31becausehedoesntunderstandhowtomakethe32ofhismentalfaculties(才能).Olderpeoplemaybemistakenthattheyareincapableoflearningnewthingsbecauseoftheir33.,Apersonwhobelievesthatheisincapablewillnotmakeareal34becausehefeelsthatitwouldbeuseless.Hewontgoatajobwithconfidencenecessaryfor35,andhewontworkhishardestway,eventhoughhemaythinkheisdoingso.Heis36likelytofail,andthefailurewill37hisbeliefinhiscompetence(才能).,AlfredAlder,afamousdoctor,had38likethis.Whenhewasalittleboy,hehadapoor39inmath.Histeachertoldhisparentshehadnoabilityinmathinorderthattheywouldnot40toomuchofhim.Inthisway,theytwo41theidea.Heaccepted42mistakenthinkingofhisability,feltthatitwasuselessto43andwasverypooratmath,44astheyexpected.Onedayheworkedataproblemwhich45oftheotherstudentshadbeenabletosolve.,Alder46insolvingtheproblem.Thisgavehimconfidence(信心).Fromthenonhe47withinterest,determinationandpurposeandhesoonbecameespeciallygoodat48.Henotonlyprovedthathecouldlearnmathwell,butluckilyhelearned49inhislifefromhisownexperiencethatifapersongoesatajobwithdeterminationandpurpose,hemay50himselfaswellasothersbyhisability.本文以AlfredAlder医生在小学学习数学的事情为例，说明了自信心对于人的学习、工作的重要性。,31.A.cleverB.shyC.uselessD.stupid【解析】选D。根据前文Hemayhavethebeliefthatheisnotcapableofit.可确定选stupid。32.A.biggestB.mostC.highestD.deepest【解析】选B。makethemostof意为“尽量利用、获得最大利益”，为固定搭配。,33.A.abilityB.ageC.brainD.knowledge【解析】选B。老年人误认为由于年龄的原因，他们不能学习新东西了。34.A.decisionB.successC.effortD.trouble【解析】选C。makeaneffort指“尽力、努力”，此句句意为：一个认为自己无能的人是不会尽一切努力的，因为他感到这样做没有用。,35.A.workB.studyC.improvementD.success【解析】选D。confidencenecessaryforsuccess指获得成功所必须具备的自信心。36.A.trulyB.reallyC.howeverD.therefore【解析】选D。therefore表示“因此，从而”。,37.A.leadtoB.strengthenC.increaseD.addto【解析】选B。strengthen指“强化、加强”。此句句意为：失败进一步加强了他认为自己无能这一观念。38.A.anexperienceB.anexampleC.athoughtD.astory【解析】选A。anexperience指一次经历。39.A.stateB.mindC.startD.ending【解析】选C。根据下文，后来AlfredAlder数学学得很好，因此只是开始(start)学得不好。,40.A.blameB.expectC.getD.win【解析】选B。expecttoomuchofhim指对他期望过高。41.A.developedB.organizedC.discoveredD.found【解析】选A。develop在此指“强化、增大”，此句句意为：老师和家长两方面的态度进一步强化了他缺少数学才能这一观点。,42.A.hisB.herC.itsD.their【解析】选D。根据上文选their,指老师和家长们的观点。43.A.manageB.succeedC.tryD.act【解析】选C。try在此指“努力、尝试”。44.A.onlyB.almostC.justD.then【解析】选C。justastheyexpected表示“正如家长和老师们所预料的那样”。just相当于exactly。,45.A.noneB.noC.nooneD.nobody【解析】选A。根据文章意思，一天他做一道他们班其他同学都不会做的题。46.A.gaveB.succeededC.failedD.believed【解析】选B。succeedindoingsth.指“成功做成某事”。,47.A.livedB.workedC.playedD.graduated【解析】选B。句意为：他做出了他们班上其他同学都不会做的题这件事给了他信心，后来他学习时有兴趣、决心和目的了。48.A.lessonsB.medicineC.subjectsD.math【解析】选D。根据文章意思，很容易确定答案，选D数学。,49.A.earlyB.deeplyC.lateD.simply【解析】选A。earlyinhislife指年轻时。类似的短语有earlyinthemorning等。50.A.encourageB.loveC.astonishD.disappoint【解析】选C。astonish意为“使吃惊，使震惊”,符合题意。,第三部分阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)(A)WhenJackieRobinsonwalkedontoEbbetsFieldinBrooklyn，NewYork，onApril15，1947，hechangedbaseballforever.AsthefirstAfricanAmericantoplayintheMajorLeagueinmoderntimes，manybelievehechangedthecountryforever.,Robinsonwasbornin1919HelivedinatimewhenrulescontrolledwhatAfricanAmericanscoulddo.Hewasatopathlete，playingfootball，basketball，andbaseball.ButplayingforaMajorLeagueteamwasofflimitstoRobinsonbecauseofhisrace(种族)BranchRicky,presidentandmanageroftheBrooklynDodgers，signed(和签约)Robinsonin1947HebelievedthatRobinsonnotonlyhadtheskills，butthecouragetofacethechallengeofbecomingmodernbaseballsfirstblackplayer.,Itwasnteasy.Robinsonsometimesfacedboos(嘘声)fromfans.Buthebecameastar，anyway.In1962，hebecamethefirstAfrican-AmericanplayerchosentoentertheBaseballHallofFame.In2005，hewasawardedaCongressionalGoldMedal，thehighestawardCongresscangivetoanAfrican-American.Bybreakingbaseballscolorbarrier(肤色障碍)，Robinsonopenedthedoorformanytofollowinhisfootsteps，notonlyinbaseball，butinotherareasoflifeaswell.Afterhestoppedplayingthegame，Robinsonworkedasamanagerforacoffeecompany.Hewroteanewspapercolumn(专栏)Healsohelpedstartabank.,51Intheearly20thcentury，AfricanAmericansdidnthavetherightto.A.playbaseballB.playintheMajorLeagueC.playfootballandbasketballD.watchMajorLeaguegames【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第二段Hewasatopathlete，playingfootball，basketball，andbaseball.可知不可选A、C，本句说明黑人是可以从事这些体育活动的；由第二段末句可知B正确。,52AccordingtoBranchRicky，JackieRobinsonwas.A.poorbutcleverB.unluckybutconfidentC.proudandstrongD.braveandskilled【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句HebelievedthatRobinsonnotonlyhadtheskills，butthecouragetofacethechallengeofbecomingmodernbaseballsfirstblackplayer.可知选D。,53WecanknowthatJackieRobinsonsstory.A.changedmanyAfricansideasB.hadaneffectonmanyblackpeopleslivesC.encouragedblackpeopletofightwithwhitesD.startedahotdiscussionaboutthecolorbarrier【解析】选B。推理判断题。最后一段说，通过打破肤色障碍(指种族歧视)，Robinson为许多AfricanAmericans在棒球运动和生活的其他领域开启了大门，由此可见他的人生经历激励了许多黑人进入了许多新的生活领域。故B正确。文章中讲的是AfricanAmericans,而非Africans,故不选A。,54InhowmanyfieldsdidJackieRobinsonworkaccordingtothepassage？A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.【解析】选C。细节理解题。他做过职业棒球运动员；退役后在一家咖啡公司当经理；为一家报社写专栏文章；帮助开办了一家银行，加起来是四大领域。,(B)Oneday，PresidentLincolnwenttoaparty.Atthegathering，amancalledDouglaswasagainandagaintalkingaboutLincolnslowpositioninlifeandsayingthathefirstmetLincolnwhenLincolnwasashopassistantatavillageshop.Finally，hesaid，“AndMr.Lincolnwasaverygoodshopassistant，too.”,Peopleburstintolaughter，buttheyquieteddownwhenMr.Lincolnsaidcalmly，“Gentlemen，whatMr.Douglashassaidistrue.Ididsellcotton，candlesandcigars，andsometimeswhisky.ButIrememberthatinthosedaysMr.Douglaswasoneofmybestbuyers.IoftenstoodononesideofthecounterandsoldwhiskytoMr.Douglasontheotherside，butthedifferencebetweenusis：Ihaveleftmysideofthecounter，butMr.Douglasstillsticksonhisasfirmlyasever.”,55.Thestorytookplaceata.A.meetingB.restaurantC.concertD.get-together【解析】选D。由文章首句可知林肯参加的是一个聚会。,56WhywasMr.DouglasagainandagaintalkingaboutLincolnslowpositioninlife？A.BecausehewasfriendlytoLincoln.B.BecauseLincolnwasanexampletoshowthatanAmericanoflowpositioninlifecouldbecomePresidentoftheUS.C.BecausehewantedotherstolookdownuponLincoln.D.BecausehewantedtotellotherpeopleaboutLincolnsfriendlinessasashopassistant.【解析】选C。在众人面前总是不停地提及某人尴尬的过去及过去所从事的卑微职业，其主要目的就是为了取笑某人。,57HowdidLincolnwinthedebate？A.Hewonitbytellingofhislowpositioninlifeinhisearlydays.B.Hewonitbytellingofhishighpositioninlifeinhisearlydays.C.HewonitbysayingDouglaswastellingalie.D.HewonitbycomparinghispresentpositionwithDouglass.【解析】选D。由第二段林肯所做出的回应可知他通过与Douglas工作位置的对比，说明自己的进步而对方却停滞不前。,58TheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeansDouglas_.A.isstilltalkingaboutLincolnslowpositioninlifeB.isstillstandingontheothersideofthecounterC.isstilldrinkingalotandhasnotchangedabitD.keepsongoingtogatheringsandtalkingalot【解析】选C。文章最后一句提及Douglas仍然站在柜台的另一边，说明他仍然经常去买威士忌。,(C)OnMay29,1973,ThomasBradley,ablackman,waselectedmayorofLosAngeles.LosAngelesisthethirdlargestcityintheUnitedStates,withapopulationofthreemillion.Aboutsixteenpercentofthecityspopulationareblack.NewsofthiselectionappearedonthefrontpagesofnewspaperseverywhereintheUnitedStates.Hereishowonemajornewspaperreportedtheevent:,LOSANGELESELECTSBRADLEYMAYORUNSEATINGYORTYBLACKWINS56%OFVOTES.BradleycalledhisvictoryoverYorty“thefulfillment(实现)ofadream”.Duringhischildhoodandyouth,peoplehadkepttellinghim,“Youcantdothis,youcantgothere,becauseyouareaNegro.”Neverthelesshehadwonadecisivevictoryoveramanwhohadwon43.7percent.,LosAngelesvotershavehadmanyopportunitiestojudge.ThomasBradleyhadtoformanopinionofhim.ThesonofapoorfarmerTexas,hejoinedtheLosAngelespoliceforcein1940.Duringhistwenty-oneyearsonthepoliceforceheearnedalawdegreebyattendingschoolatnight.Hewaselectedtothecitycouncil(市政厅)tenyearsago.,AtthetimeoftheLosAngeleselection,threeotherAmericancitiesalreadyhadblackmayors,butnoneofthosecitieshadaslargeapopulationasLosAngeles.Besides,thepercentageofblacksinthosecitieswasmuchlarger.Cleveland,Ohio,hadthirty-sixpercentblackswhenCarlStokeswaselectedmayorofClevelandin1967.InthesameyearRichardHatcherwaselectedmayorofCary,Indiana,whichwasfifty-fivepercentblack.InNewark,NewJersey,sixtypercentofthepopulationwereblackwhenKennethGibsonwaselectedin1970.Thuselectionofablackmayorinthosecitieswasnotverysurprising.,InLosAngelesthousandsofwhitecitizensvotedforThomasBradleybecausetheybelievedhewouldbeabettermayorthanthewhitecandidate(候选人).Bradleyhadspentforty-eightofhisfifty-fiveyearsinLosAngeles.FouryearsagoBradleylostmayoralelectiontoYorty.ThistimeBradleywon.本文报道了黑人在洛杉矶这样的白人占绝大多数的大城市里被选为市长这一新闻。,59Intheauthorsopinion,itwassurprisingthat.A.thewhiteswouldvoteforablackmayorB.ablackmayorwouldbeelectedinsuchalargecityC.ablackfromapoorfarmersfamilycouldbeelectedmayorofLosAngelesD.therewouldbesomanyblackmayors【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句：洛杉矶黑人的比例为16%以及倒数第2段所描述其他几个城市的黑人的比例(分别是36%、55%、60%)可推知此题答案为A。,60Fromthepassagewecaninferthatpeople.A.votedforBradleybecauseofhisblackcolorB.didntcaremuchabouthiscolorwhentheyvotedC.votedforhimtogiveachancetofulfillhisdreamD.votedforBradleybecausetheytrustedhim【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第1句.becausetheybelievedhewouldbeabettermayorthanthewhitecandidate.可推知此题答案为D。,61Bradleyhitthefrontpageheadlinefor.A.hewasthefirstblackmayorinhistoryB.hewasthefirstblackmayorinthesouthofUSAC.hewasthefirstblackmayorofoneofthelargestcitiesinUSAD.apoorfarmerssoncouldalsowinanimportantelection【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第1句.threeotherAmericancitiesalreadyhadblackmayors,butnoneofthosecitieshadaslargeapopulationasLosAngeles可推知此题答案为C。,62FromBradleysvictoryintheelectionwecanseethat.A.blackshadequalrightsaswhitesintheUSAB.blackpeoplessituationbegantoimprovemuchmorethanbeforeC.onecanbesuccessfulthroughhardworkintheUSAnomatterwhatcolorheisD.itiscertainthatsomedaytheUSAwillhaveablackpresident,【解析】选B。推理判断题。运用排除法：选项A显然与原文内容不符；选项C和D文章没提及，况且此两项过于忽略美国的种族矛盾，不宜选；只有选项B与原文内容较相符。,(D)2011开封高一检测Somefiftyyearsago,IwasstudyinginamiddleschoolinNewYork.Oneday,Mrs.ONeilgaveamathstesttoourclass.Whenthepapersweremarked,shefoundthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythesamemistakesinthetest.,Thereisnothingnewaboutcheatinginexams.PerhapsthatwaswhyMrs.ONeildidntevensayonewordaboutit.Sheonlyaskedthetwelveboystostayafterclass.Iwasoneofthetwelve.Mrs.ONeilaskednoquestions,andshedidntscoldus,either.Instead,shewrotethefollowingwordsontheblackboard:Onyourwayhomeyoufindsomemoneyandyourecompletelysurethatyouwillneverbefoundout.Latersomeonecomestoaskyouifyouhavefoundsomemoneyhelost.Whatwillyoudo?,Shethenorderedustowritedownthequestion,andaskedustotakeourwholelivestotrytofindoutourownanswertoit.Idontknowabouttheotherelevenchildren.SpeakingformyselfIcansay:itwasthemostimportantsinglethingofmylife.Fromthenon,IhavebeenaskingthisquestiontomyselfwhenIhavetomakeadecision.Becauseofthis,Mrs.ONeilhasbecomethemostunforgettableteacherformeinmywholelife.Ioftenthinkofthis:ifMrs.ONeilhadscoldedusasmanyotherteachersoftendid,wouldIgooncheatingeveryday?,63.Whowrotethisstory?A.AstudentinNewYorkwhowasnotinterestedinmaths.B.Mrs.ONeilfromNewYorkwhofoundsomemoneyonherwayhome.C.Anoldmathsteacherinamiddleschool.D.AnoldpersonwhooncelivedinNewYorkwhenhewasyoung.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段可知本文的作者是个纽约的学生。,64.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraphmean?A.praiseB.criticiseC.educateD.excuse【解析】选B。词义推测题。根据第二段可知作者在考试时作弊，按理讲应该受到批评，但老师没有批评他。所以scold的意思是“批评”。,65.WhenMrs.ONeilfoundtwelveboysmadeexactlythesamemistakesinthetest,she.A.becameveryangryandshoutedatthechildrenforanhourB.thoughtmaybeshemadesomemistakesinherteachingC.triedtofindoutwhomadethemistakesfirstD.wantedtoteachthetwelveboystostopcheating【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段和第四段可知老师没有批评作弊的学生，而是让他们通过自己的思考意识到自己的错误。,66.WhydidthewriterthinkMrs.ONeilunforgettable?A.BecauseMrs.ONeiloftengaveherstudentsmathstests.B.BecauseMrs.ONeiltaughtmathsverywell.C.BecauseMrs.ONeillovedherstudentsasshelovedherownchildren.D.BecauseMrs.ONeiltaughtaveryimportantlessontothewriter.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段和第六段可知作者忘不了Mrs.ONeil是因为她使学生养成了先思考再做决定的习惯。,(E)AMissourigirlsdoodle(涂鸦)hasbeendisplayedonGoogleswebsite.GooglechosetheartworkofMakenzieMelton,9,athird-graderataprimaryschool,asthebestdrawing,whichincludedGooglescolorfullogo(标识).,Makenziesdrawingiscalled“RainforestHabitat”.Inherdescription,shewrote,“Ichoosethisdoodlebecausetherainforestisindangeranditisnotfairtotheplantsandanimals.Iloveeverythingexceptspidersandsnakes,butwouldstillsavethem.”Herdoodlewaschosenoutofthe33,000onesfromacrosstheUnitedStates.Fromthatlist,40regional(区域的)finalistswerechosen.Onlinevotingduringoneweeknarroweditdowntofourfinalists.Googlechosethewinner.,Makenziegetsa$15,000collegescholarshipandanotebookcomputer.Herschoolreceivesa$25,000technologygrantforanewcomputerlab.Stella,12,asixth-graderatSmithtonMiddleSchool,alsodrewadoodleabouttheenvironment,titled“SavingtheEnvironment”.Itwaschosenasoneofthe40regionalfinalists,butitwasnotchosenasoneofthefournationalfinalists.StellasdoodlewillbeshownatanexhibitattheNationalDesignMuseuminNewYorkCity.一个九岁的小女孩在33000个参赛选手中脱颖而出，她的涂鸦作品被Google选为最佳图画。,67.WhyhasMakenziesdrawingbeendisplayedonGoogleswebsite?A.MakenzieMeltonistheyoungestthird-graderataprimaryschool.B.Herdrawingwasdeclaredasthebestoutofthe33,000doodles.C.Makenziesdrawingiscalled“RainforestHabitat”.D.MakenziesdoodlewillbeshownatanexhibitattheNationalDesignMuseum.,【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段“GooglechosetheartworkofMakenzieMelton,.asthebestdrawing,whichincludedGooglescolorfullogo.”以及第四段的“Googlechosethewinner.”可知Google要选出最优秀的作品。正确答案为B。,68.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“grant”meaninthepassage?A.economicaidB.opinionC.awardD.permission【解析】选A。词义猜测题。文中第五段的“Herschoolreceivesa$25,000technologygrantforanewcomputerlab.”可知她所在的学校收到了建立新的计算机实验室所需要的25000美元的“经济资助或拨款”。,69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutStellasdoodleisright?A.Stellasdoodlewasalsoaboutrainforesthabitat.B.StellasdoodlehasevercompetedwithMakenziesinthefinalround.C.StellasdoodlehasbeendisplayedonGoogleswebsite.D.Stellasdoodlewaschosenasoneofthe40regionalfi