8B Unit1 知识点归纳.ppt

past名词过去Inthepast在过去Therewasacinemainthisareainthepast.过去这儿有一个电影院。Inthepasttwoyears在过去的两年中（用于完成时）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttwoyears.过去的两年中我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。介词经过walkpastaschool=passaschool经过一个学校。,2.presentn.现在，目前atpresent=atthemoment=nowThestudentsarehavingameetingatthemoment.礼物=giftbuyhimapresent=buyapresentforhim3.justadv.刚才，刚刚（与现在完成时连用）Ihavejustseenher.仅仅Thereisjustalittlemilkinthefridge.justnow（刚才）（与一般过去时连用）Isawherjustnow.,4.usedto(用于过去持续或经常发生的事)曾经Iusedtoswiminthisriver.=Ioftenswaminthisriverinthepast.我过去经常在这条河里游泳。Thereusedtobeacinemainfrontofmyhouse.=Therewasacinemainfrontofmyhouseinthepast.过去我家前面有一家电影院。,Iusednttoswiminthisriver./Ididntusetoswiminthisriver.否定句疑问式Didsbusetodosth?或Usedsbtodosth?Didsheusetoswimintheriver?=Usedshetoswimintheriver?根据要求进行句型转换：Sheusedtoteachhistory.否定式：Sheusedteachhistory.或Shedidntteachhistory.疑问式：sheteachhistory?或Didsheteachhistory?,beusedtodosthbeusedfordoingsth被用于做某事，Stampsareusedtosendletters.Stampsareusedforsendingletters.这把刀被用来切苹果。Theknifeisusedtocutapples.Theknifeisusedforcuttingapples.be/become/getusedtosth习惯于某事，be/become/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事Tomisusedtogettingupearly.Tom习惯于早起。,Theoldmanisntusedtothecitylife.这个老人不习惯城市生活。Heusedtogetuplate,soheisntusedtogettingupearly.他过去经常起的晚，所以他不习惯早起Thelifewewereusedtohaschangedalot.我们过去习惯了的生活已经改变了许多。,5.since自以来IvelivedheresinceIwasborn.（since+一般过去时的句子）自从我出生，我就住在这里。Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourhometownsincethen.（since+过去一个时间点）自从那时起，我们家乡发生很大变化。Theyhaveknowneachothersincetenyearsago.(since+一段时间+ago)Theyhavenknowneachotherfortenyears.(for+一段时间)他们相互认识十年了。=Itistenyearssincewebegantoknoweachother.,since由于，既然ItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。Sinceeveryoneishere,letsbeginourmeeting.6.ever曾经通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。Haveyoueverseenher?你曾经见过他吗？ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.这是我曾经看过的最有趣的一本书。,7.northernadj.北方的，北部的inthenorthof=inthenorthernpartofHelivesinthenorthofthiscity.=Helivesinthenorthernpartofthiscity.他住在这个城市的北部。south-southerneast-easternwest-westernBeijingisanortherncityofChina.8.marryv.结婚(haveawifeorahusband)marrysb.Shemarriedafootballplayer.marrysbtosb把某人嫁给某人，e.g.Hemarriedhisdaughtertoanactor.,get/bemarriedtosb和某人结婚YaoMinggotmarriedtoYeLiin2007.表示“已经结婚”用have/hasgotmarried/has/havemarriedTheyhavegotmarried.表示“已经结婚多久”用have/hasbeenmarriedfor时间段或since时间点。Theyhavebeenmarriedfor5years.=Theyhavebeenmarriedsincefiveyearsago.不能说成Theyhavegotmarriedfor5years.也不能说Theyhavemarriedforfiveyears.因为get和marry为短暂性动词。,用法拓展marriagen.婚姻Theywillcelebratetheirfiftyyearsofmarriagenextmonth.9.wife(pl.wives)n.妻子thefishermenswives渔民们的妻子们10.blockn.街区Myhomeistwoblocksawayfromyourhome.11.overprep.在期间Hastheareachangedalotovertheyears?这些年这个地区变化很大吗？HehaslearnedabouttwothousandEnglishwordsover/in/duringthepastthreeyears.在过去的三年里，他学了大约两千个英语单词。,Classisover.下课了。Ittookmeover/morethantwohourstoreadthestory.我花了两个多小时读这个故事。Hecanjumpoverthechair.他能跳过这椅子。Thereisabridgeovertheriver.河上有座桥。allovertheworld全世界12.turnintochangeinto把变成turnwaterintoice把水变成冰Thegovernmenthasturnedtheplaceintoabeautifulpark.政府已把这个地方变成了一个漂亮的公园。13.pollution污染;污染物(不可数）waterpollution水污染airpollution空气污染，noisepollution噪音污染,Thereislessairpollutioninthecountrysidethaninthecity.乡下的空气污染比城里少。pollutev.pollutetheenvironment污染环境Wemustmakelawstopreventpeoplefrompollutingtheair.我们必须制定法律阻止人们污染空气。14.factoryaplacewherethingsaremadebymachines工厂（factories)asteel/carfactory一家钢铁/汽车厂twoshoefactories两家鞋厂,15.waste废料；废品浪费putthewasteintotheriver把废料排到河里usedtodumpitswasteintowater过去常把废料倒进河里Themeetingwasawasteoftime.v.浪费Dontwastetime.不要浪费时间。16.realize=realise（knoworunderstandsomethingthatyoudidnotknowbefore）意识到，实现Herealizedthathewaswrong.他意识到他错了。Imsureshewillrealizehermistake.我相信她会意识到她的错误。,Atlastherealizedhisdreamofbecominganactor.他最终实现了当演员的梦想。17.improve（makesomethingbetter）改进，改善improvemyEnglish提高我的英语improvemylife改善我的生活Withhishelp,myEnglishhasimprovedalot.在他的帮助下，我的英语有了很大的改进。18.situation形势，情况improvethesituation改善这情况，改善这局面thepresentsituation现状,目前形势,19.insomeways在某种程度上，在某些方面Insomewaysyouareright.在某些方面你是对的。indifferentmanyways用不同的的很多方法Peopleofferedhelptopeopleinthepoorareasinmanyways.人们以许多方式帮助贫困地区的人们。ononeswayhome在-回家的路上ononeswaytoschool在-去学校的路上bytheway顺便问一下thewayofdoingsth做-的方式intheway妨碍,20.howeveradv.然而Myroomissmall，however,itscomfortable.我的房间很小，但却很舒服。however不能像but(但是)那样直接连接两个句子(注意正句中的标点符号)。Wealltriedourbest,butwelostthegame.我们都尽力了，但是我们还是输掉了比赛。21.impossibleadj.不可能possible可能的Itisimpossible/possibleforsb.todosth.对某人来说，做某事不可能/可能Itwasimpossibleformetowinthegamewithoutyoursupport.没有你们的支持赢得比赛时不可能的。,Ithasbecomeimpossibleforustoseeeachotherasoftenasbefore.对我们来说，像以前那样经常见面是不可能的了。as-aspossible=as-asonecan尽可能-Youshouldcomehereassoonasyoucan.=Youshouldcomehereassoonaspossible.Nothingisimpossibleifyoutryyourbest.22.beforeadv.以前，过去，已经（完成时）Ihaventseenhimbefore.Iknownothingabouthim.我之前没见过他，我对他一无所知。Ihaveseenthefilmbefore.我以前看过这部电影。twohoursago(过去时),lonelyadj.孤独的，寂寞的，偏僻的nothappybecauseofbeingalonelonelier比较级loneliest最高级:;Theoldmanlivesalonebuthedoesntfeellonely.那位老人一个人住，但他不感到孤单。Helivesinalonelyhousealone.他一个人住在一个偏僻的房子里。24.fromtimetotime不时，有时，偶尔sometimes=attimesWegetlettersfromourunclefromtimetotime.我们不时收到叔叔的来信。,25.anywayadv.尽管，即使这样,不管怎样说Hedidntgetthegoldmedal.Anyway,hetriedhisbest.他没能拿到金牌。不管怎么说他尽力了。26.husbandn.丈夫27.interviewn.；vt.采访，会见haveaninterviewwithsb.与某人的会见;采访某人Ihadaninterviewwithhimforanewjobyesterday.昨天我因为一份新的工作与他会见了Terviewsb.采访某人Millieisinterviewinghimtogetsomeinformation.为了得到更多的信息，Millie正在采访他。,28.alloneslife一生duringinourlife(lives)在我们的一生中HehaslivedinSunshineTownallhislife.他一生住在阳光镇。29.yetadv.还，仍用于否定句或一般疑问句而already用于肯定句Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Ihaventfinishedmyhomeworkyet.（否定句）Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?(疑问句)Haveyoufinishedyourwork?No,notyet.=No,Ihavent.,30.recentlyadv.近来，最近Haveyouseenanyfilmsrecently?你近期看过电影吗？recentadj.inrecentyears在近几年Hehaschangedalotinrecentyears.近几年他变化了许多。myrecentphotos我的近照31.environmentn.环境（不可数）protectourenvironment保护我们的环境goodenvironment良好的环境,32.transportn.交通工具，运输工具transportatdifferenttimes不同时期的交通工具33.conditionn.环境，条件，状况Ourlivingconditionshaveimprovedalotovertheyears.我们的生活条件近几年提高了不少。34.returnvi.返回gobackreturntosp.=gobacktosp.返回某地returnhome=gobackhomereturnsb.sth.=returnsth.tosb.=givesth.backtosb.把某物还给某人,35.lastadv.上一次，最后Whendidyoulastseeeachother?你们最后一次见面时何时？lastweekyeartime上周去年上次动词持续Themeetingwillnotlastlong.会议不会持续太久。36.abroadadv.在（到）国外(ino