英语简单句5种基本类型 公开课

Welcometoourclass!,Enjoyasong,简单句(simplesentence),并列句(compoundsentence),复合句(complexsentence),WhatkindsofEnglishsentencesdoyouknow?,简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语):.Tomlikesrockmusic.TomandJohnarefondofrockmusic.Tomsatdownathisdeskandbegantodohishomework.,特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做(连)系动词。,1.含“是”意义的有：2.表感知状态的有3.表示状态变化的有：4.表状态延续的有：,常见的系动词有哪些？,feel,smell,taste,sound,look;,become,get,grow,turn,go,run,fall;,remain,keep,stay;,be,seem,prove,1._,主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P),系动词的用法:(注意三点)+_作表语;无_;无_;e.g.Thedish_.(尝起来好吃)Thestory_.(听起来有趣).,adj.,宾语,被动语态,tastesdelicious,soundsinteresting,主系表S+V+P,1.Youareveryhappy.2.Everythinglooksnice.3.Theweatherbecamecolderandcolder.,Example,beautiful,Correctmistakes:Hervoicesoundsbeautifully.2.Jimwasremainedaworker.,2._Ourchalkhasrunout.Onhearingthenews,hecheered.经常考查的不及物动词（或短语）:“发生”_;_;_;_“用完,用光”_;_.不及物动词的用法:无_,无_,主语+谓语(S+V),happenoccur,takeplace,breakout,runoutgiveout,宾语,被动语态,(1)Theteacherwasspeaking.,2每天八点开始上课。(begin),everyday.,Classesbegin,ateight,11,1明天她会过来。(come),Shewillcome,tomorrow.,fiveyearsago.,2五年前我住在武汉。(live),Ilived,inWuhan,practice,1、Translation,Doyouknowwhatwashappenedyesterday?,2、Correctthemistake,基本句型三+（主谓宾）特点：谓语动词都是实义动词，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟宾语(即该动作的承受者)才能使意思完整。此时，这类动词叫做及物动词或者短语。常见的及物动词有：like,enjoy,desire,expect,lookfor,takecareof等等。e.g.Welikethemovie.S,V,o,2020/6/5,13,1昨晚我写了一封信。2这本书我已经读过多次了。,Iwrotealetterlastnight.,Ihavereadthisbookmanytimes.,Translation,基本句型四+IO+D（主谓间宾直宾）特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常可改为：e.g.ShegaveTomanapple.Iboughthimapenyesterday.,主+谓+直宾+介词+间宾,=ShegaveanappletoTom.,=Sheboughtapenforhim,基本句型四+IO+D（主谓间宾直宾）,若要先说出直接宾语，后说间接宾语，则要借助与介词to或for。Heboughtmeabeautifulskirt.,Heboughtabeautifulskirtforme.,用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,offer,pass,pay,teach,tell,write,ask等（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,find,get,等。,Letshaveatry!,18,1.今年刘老师教我们数学。(teach)2昨晚她给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。(tell)3.你能把那本字典递给我吗？(pass),Mr.Liuteachesusmaths,thisyear.,Shetoldusaninterestingstory,lastnight.,Couldyoupassmethedictionary?,基本句型五+O（主谓宾宾补）特点：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。判断原则：此类结构能表达成（宾语）是/要做e.g.Wemadehimthemanager.主,谓,宾,宾补,Iheardhimsinging.,Isawhimwritingaletter.2.Ifindmathsdifficult.3.WecallherLily.4.FatheraskedmetoturnofftheTV.,Exercising,分析下列句子的结构及其成分。1.Plantsneedwater.S+V+O(主+谓+宾)2.Theflowerissofresh.S+V+P(主+系+表)3.Theyworkhard.S+V(主+谓)4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)5.Weshouldkeeptheclassroomclean.S+V+O+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补),更正下列句子的错误,Exercises:,1.Hecametheroom.2.Themusicsounds.3.Ihaveseen.4.Hegaveapenme.5.Myfatherboughtabooktome.,1.Hecameintotheroom.2.Themusicsoundswonderful.3.Ihaveseenthefilm.4.Hegaveapentome.5.Myfatherboughtabookforme.,Exercises:,翻译下列句子并分析句子结构：,1.我经常在早晨读英语。2.玛丽是个聪明的学生。3.我的老师交给我一封信。4.我母亲经常叫我努力学习。5.我们叫我们的老师王先生6.他正在房里做家庭作业。,1.IoftenreadEnglishinthemorning.,2.Maryisacleverstudent.,3.Myteachergavemealetter.,4.Mymotheroftenasksmetostudyhard.,5.WecallourteacherMr.Wang.,6.Heisdoinghishomeworkintheroom.,主+谓+宾,主+系+表,主+谓+双宾,主+谓+宾+宾补,主+谓+宾+宾补,主+谓+宾,请用所学知识完成下面双向翻译,并分析句子结构。,Ourclassismadeupof42members.Thisisabigfamily.Wealwayshelpeachother.Ourmonitorisaboy.Hestudiesveryhard.Wecallhimbookworm,1._andheisalwaysreadytohelpothers.我们都很喜欢他。2._Ourclassishappygroup,3._whichisfulloflaughter.Eachteacheriswillingtohelpussolv