现代大学英语 精读1 unit 4ppt课件

.,TextAnalysis,Structure,.,Aircrashesusuallyinvolve_._otheraircrashes,thisonewasnotthe_.Thisaircrashwasrememberedfor_.Usual-hitabridgeathightraffic-location-aestheticclash-twoformsinnatureincollision,aheavylossoflives,Comparedwith,worst,adifferentreason,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,Washington,thecityofformandrules,turnedchaoticbyablastofrealwinterandasingleslapofmetalonmetal.(para.1)Thecityofformandrules:thecitythatisneatandbeautiful.(Washingtonwasthefirstcarefullyplannedcityintheworldwithparallelstreetscutbydiagonalavenues.Itsdesignwasconsideredamasterpiece.)Turnchaotic:becomechaotic;bethrownintoterribleconfusion.Ablastofrealwinter:asuddenstrongreallycoldwind.Slap:quickblowwithsomethingflat.在严冬里突如其来的一阵强风中，钢铁的机身猛烈撞击到钢铁的桥面，把这个布局合理、尽然有序的城市搞得一片混乱。,.,WashingtonD.C.,thecityofformandrules:MetroMap,.,WashingtonD.C.,thecityofformandrules:SightseeingMap,.,AndtherewastheaestheticclashaswellblueandgreenAirFlorida,thenameofaflyinggarden,sunkdownamonggraychunksoficeinablackriver.(Para.1),apposition,Theclashwasalsoaclashofcolours,ahorribleeye-catchingscene.,combinationofcolourswhichgaveanartisticeffectonthehorriblescene,stressingwhatmettheeye,.,LastWednesdaytheelements,indifferentasever,broughtdownFlight90.Andonthatsameafternoonhumannaturegropingandstrugglingrosetotheoccasion.(Para.2),LastWednesday,_,unconcernedabouttheconsequencesitmightbringaboutasalways,_.Onthatsameafternoon,humannature,gropingforthe_andstrugglinginthe_,cametoproveits_displayedinanunexpectedtragedy.,madetheplanefalldown,unconcernabouttheconsequencesasalways,wasabletodealwithanunexpectedproblem,adifficulttask,thebadweather,madeFlight90falldown,flotationrings,icywater,greatness,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,PartI:Words(2)suddenstrongblowofair.,tobeexploded,tolaunch,criticizeseverely,explosion,agustofwind,astronggustofcoldwindinwinter,.,slapn.aquickhitwiththeflatofthehandorotherflatobject.v.tohitsomeonewiththeflatpartofthehandorotherflatobject.,aslapintheface,anactionthatinsultsorupsetssomeone耳光;公然受辱;突然的责备,aslapontheback,aslaponthewrist,anactionthatshowspraiseforsth.youhavedone口,称赞,agentlewarningorpunishment轻微的处罚；略予申斥,GuessItwasarealslapinthefaceforhimwhensherefusedtogoouttodinnerwithhim.ThejudgegaveMinnaaslaponthewristfornotwearingherseatbelt.Herhusbandhasbeenslappingheraround,butshesafraidtogotothepolice.Whenherideaswererejected,sheslappedherreport(down)onthetableandstormedoutofthemeeting.,anactionthatinsultsorupsetssomeone耻辱,agentlewarningorpunishment,hittingsb.repeatedly,putsth.somewherewithaslappingnoise,.,Asgo(es),comparedwiththeaverage.就来说Aswritersgo,OscarWildewasnotthemosttalented,buthewasamongthemostpopular.$40aticketisntbadasfootballticketsgo.,Risetotheoccasion/challenge,todealsuccessfullywithadifficultsituationorproblem,especiallybyworkingharderorperformingbetterthanusualItsnotaneasytask,butImsureJohnwillrisetothechallenge.如果可能，你可依靠他来应付这个局面。Youcandependonhimtorisetotheoccasion,ifpossible.,.,Strongwindbroughtdownthepowerlinesacrosstheregion.tocausetofallorcollapseOurprincipalresponsibilityistobringdownthelevelofunemployment.toreducetherate,level,oramount,PhrasesandExpressions,cf.Majorspendingisrequiredtobringaboutsubstantialimprovementsinhousing.(tomakesth.happen)Thevariousdepartmentshavenotyetbroughtforwardtheirspendingplans.(topresent,produce)Iftheycanbringoffhedeal,theywillbeabletoretire.(tosucceedindoingsth.difficult),.,TextAnalysis,1.说起科幻电影，阿凡达堪称经典。Assci-fimoviesgo,Avatarcanbecalledaclassic.2.中国的汽车行业必须应对挑战，找到存活和发展方向。TheChineseautoindustrymustrisetothechallengeandfinditsownwayofsurvivalanddevelopment.3.在那样的困难时期，中国的科学家们争了气，1964年10月成功地在戈壁滩引爆了中国的第一颗原子弹。Despitesuchhardshipsoftheera,ChinesescientistsrosetotheoccasionandsuccessfullyexplodedChinasfirstatomicbombintheGobidesert.4.政府与反对党在失业问题上有重大分歧。GovernmentclashedwiththeOppositiononthequestionofunemployment.GovernmentandtheOppositionclashedon5.因无人维持秩序，教室里一片混乱。Withnoonetokeeporder,thesituationintheclassroomwaschaotic.,Translation,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,PartII:MainIdea,Whowereabletoaccountforwhattheydid?Whatdidtheydo?Andwhydidtheydoso?Whoattractedmostofpeoplesattention?Whatwas“themaninthewater”like?Whatdid“themaninthewater”do?Whatisthemeaningof“thefactthathewentunidentifiedgavehimauniversalcharacter”?Whatisthisuniversalcharacter?,.,Three(para3)accountforTheydescribeasallinthelineofdutyDeliverlinesbstickinthemind.Thefourthman:themaninthewater(para4)responsibleforAlertandincontrolInamasscasualtywiththatcommitment.HisselflessnesshisanonymityUniversalcharacter(?)Everyman,.,SentenceParaphrase,Skutnikaddedthat“somebodyhadtogointothewater”,deliveringeveryheroslinethatisnolessadmirableforbeingrepeated.(Para.3),Skutnikgavearemarkthathasbeensaidbeforebymanypeopleinsimilarsituations,butitisstilladmirable.,makingeveryherosremark,equally,asaresultof,.,“Inamasscasualty,youllfindpeoplelikehim,”saidWindsor.”ButIveneverseenonewiththatcommitment.”(para4),paraphrase,Wecanalwaysfindheroicpeoplelikehimwhenalargenumberofpeoplewerehurtinanaccidentbecausealthoughnoteveryoneisahero,theresboundtobeafairrepresentationofheroesinabigcrowd.ButIveneverseenanyonewithsuchastrongsenseofresponsibility.,astrongsenseofresponsibilityorloyalty,largenumberofpeoplehurtorkilledinanaccident,SentenceParaphrase,.,Thefactthathewentunidentifiedgavehimauniversalcharacter.(para4),paraphrase,Thefactthatnobodycouldfindouttheidentityofthispersonreallymadehimarepresentativeman,likeeveryoneofuscoulddo.Wemayfeelthatitmighthavebeenanyone.,remaininanunknownstate,gavehimauniversalquality;madehimarepresentativeman,likeeveryoneofuscouldbe;madepeoplefeelthatitcouldhavebeenanyone,SentenceParaphrase,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,PartII:SentenceParaphrase,Thefactthathewentunidentifiedgavehimauniversalcharacter.(para.4)Paraphrasing:Peopledidnotknowwhohewas.Thismadehimakindofsymbol,asymbolofhumancourage.go+subjectcomplement(adj.ed-participle,ing-participle,prep.phrase):toremaininastateofAllmyletterswentunanswered.Hehopedthathisnervousnesswouldgounnoticed.,.,Everyman,Everymanisatypicalhumanbeing.Itconveystheideathatthisanonymousmanreallyrepresentsthebestofhumannature.Whathedidwasnottheactofasupernaturalbeing,buttheactofanordinaryperson.Yet,theauthorsaysherethat“nomanisordinary”,becauseeverypersoniscapableofrisingtotheoccasionandmakinghistory.,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,PartII:WordsShelostherjobin1989,acasualtyoftherecession.2).apersonorthingthatsuffersasaresultofsth.elsehappening.Sherushedtocasualty.3).casualtyhospital/ward:(USEmergency)急诊室,Inafiercecompetition,thesepoorlymanagedenterpriseswillgounder.(fail)Incaseofaneconomicrecession,theseoldandweakpeoplewillbethefirsttogounder.Thecaptainhopedthathelpwouldcomebeforetheshipwentunder.,.,commitmentton.(1)thingonehaspromisedtodo,pledge,undertaking;(2)stateofbeingdedicatedordevotedtosth.,acommitmenttoliberalpoliciesaprofoundcommitmenttothefamilyCommit:mitacrimeTheywerecommittedtofolloworders.Hewastooyoungtocommitfullytomarriage.Thepatientwascommittedtothehospital.,.,anonymousa.madeordonebysomeonewhosenameisnotknownornotmadepublic.,ExampleThepolicehavereassuredwitnesseswhomaybeafraidtocomeforwardthattheywillbeguaranteedanonymity.对于那些害怕出庭作证的证人，警方让他们放心确保决不透露姓名。Hereceivedananonymousletterthreateningtodisclosedetailsofhisaffairifhedidntpaythemoney.Forreasonsofpersonalsafety,theinformantwishestoremainanonymous.Notehowtheanonymityisformed.An-meanswithout,andnymcomesfromanomainlateLatinwhichmeansname.Cf:antonym,synonym,homonym,pseudonym,anonymityn.stateofbeinganonymous,.,TextAnalysis,PartII:Exercise,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.对国产奶粉的“信心荒”是造成市面上进口奶粉荒的原因。“Shortageofconfidence”indomesticbrandsisresponsiblefortheshortageofimportmilkpowderonthemarket.2.由于社会资源有限，很多犯罪都没有得到惩罚。Duetolimitedsocialresources,manycrimeshavegoneunpunished.3.烟味长久附着在我的衣服上不散。Thesmellofsmokeclingstomyclothesforalongtime.4.Thecornergrocerywasacasualtyoftheexpandingsupermarkets.角落里的杂货店是日益扩大的超级市场的受害者.5.我们在寻找对此工作真正能尽职尽责的人。Werelookingforsomeonewitharealsenseofcommitmenttothisjob.6.由于社会资源有限，很多犯罪都没有得到惩罚。Duetolimitedsocialresources,manycrimeshavegoneunpunished,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,PartIII:MainIdea,Whatdoesthewriterwanttorevealthroughtheimaginedscene?“Hewatchedeverythingintheworldmoveawayfromhim,andheletithappen.”Whatdoesthesentenceimply?Didhejustpassivelywatchandletithappen?Couldhestopit?Whatmightbethereason?,.,Stillhecouldneverhaveimaginedsuchacapacityinhimself.(para4),paraphraseNevertheless/However,itwasimpossibleforhimtoknowthathewouldbecapableofsuchheroism.Whatthemandidwasthenaturalresponsetothecriticalsituation.,ability:做某种具体事情的能力，特别是经过学习的实际本领(to)capability:做某事的才干或本领，可与ability通用，但更强调潜在的能力(of)capacity:主要指接受，吸收或容纳的能力Hehasthe_toswimlikeafish.Hehasthe_ofsolvingpracticalproblems.Thetheaterhasaseating_of300people.,ability,capability,capacity,.,PartIII:SentenceParaphrase,Foratsomemomentinthewaterhemusthaverealizedthathewouldnotliveifhecontinuedtohandovertheropeandringtoothers.Hehadtoknowit,nomatterhowslowtheeffectofthecold.(para.6)Paraphrasing:Obviouslyitrequiresmuchmorecouragetofacesuredeathknowingthatyouhaveachoice(keeponeoftheringsforyourself)thantofacethepossibilityofdeathby,forexample,astraybulletinbattle.Themaninthestorydidnotactonimpulse.Hedidnotpassonhisringstootherswithatotalunawarenessoftheconsequences.Atsomepointhemusthaveknownthathewasfreezingtodeathandwouldgounderanymoment.Buthestillgavethechanceofsurvivaltothenextperson.,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,PartIII:Wordstheotheractingwhollyondistinctions,principlesand,perhaps,onfaith.(Para.7),Man,ontheotherhand,hashismoralstandardsofwhatisrightandwrong.Hemustbehaveaccordingtothemoralprinciplesandbeliefs.,Naturehasnomoralstandards.Itworksonnohumanprinciples.Itcaresnothingabouttheindividuallifeofman.,.,Ifthemaninthewatergavealifelinetothepeoplegaspingforsurvival,hewaslikewisegivingalifelinetothosewhowatchedhim.Inthisarticle,theauthorisgivingthemansactionasymbolicmeaning.Whenthemanwasgivingalifelinetothepeoplegaspingforsurvival,wemightsaythathewasalsogivingthechancetolivetoeveryoneofus.Hewasshowingbyhisownexamplethemeaningoflife.Thedignityofhumanexistence,thepowerofnoblehumancharacter.Likewise:inthesameway,.,SentenceParaphrase,Themaninthewatersethimselfagainstanimmovable,impersonalenemy;hefoughtitwithkindness;andheheldittoastandoff.Hewasthebestwecando.(Para.9),nature,whichisindifferentandcannotbepersuadedtochangeitsattitudetowardsman,asituationinwhichneithersideinabattlecangainanadvantage,tomakesb.starttofightwith,.,TextAnalysis,DetailedAnalysis,PartIV:Words&Expressions,Words,Phrases,.,goatsth.tostartdoingsth.withalotofenergyandenthusiasm.goatsb.toattacksomeone.,Hewentathisdinnerasifhehadnthadanythingtoeatforweeks.Suddenly,hewentatmewithaknife.,在这里，我代表党中央、全国人大、国务院、全国政协和中央军委，向一切为民族独立和人民解放、国家富强和人民幸福建立了不朽功勋的革命先辈和烈士们，表示深切的怀念！OnbehalfoftheCPCCentralCommittee,theNationalPeoplesCongress,theStateCouncil,theChinesePeoplesPol