高考英语：主谓一致.ppt

主谓语一致主讲：于红,高中英语Book4Unit1,Subject-PredicateAgreement,定义：主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。,基本概念(conception),主谓一致三大原则,1.语法一致（主形式单谓单，主形式复谓复）2.意义一致（主意义复谓复，主意义单谓单）3.就近一致(谓动的单复数取决于最靠近它的名词或代词的单复数),观察句子总结规律,（1）BreadandbutterisLazyGoatsfavoritefood.,GreyWolfandRedWolfarehusbandandwife.,Group1:（2）Awriterandeducatorisgivingaspeechnow.（3）Everyboyandeverygirllikesthefilmstar.（4）Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasadictionary.,总结：A,两个名词由and连接作主语时，谓语动词一般用_。B,当and不表示并列意义，连接两个在意义上表示的名词时，谓语动词用_。C,两个并列的名词有every,each,no等修饰语时，谓语动词一般用。,复数,同一概念、兼具身份、匹配出现,单数,单数,everyeachnomanya,+名词单数and+,everyeachnomanya,谓语用单数,+名词单数,D,Group2:(5)ThemanwithhisdaughtersandsonsiswatchingTV.(6)Thegirlsaswellastheteacheraredancing.(7)Collectingstampsiswhathelikes.(8)WhatIneedismoretime.Whattheyneedaremorepeople.,总结：A，传说中的“就前原则”,+B,A+,with(togetherwith);Inadditionto;ratherthan;Alongwith;aswellas;But;except;unlike;Including;besides;suchas;,谓语动词与A一致,B,非谓语动词作主语,谓语动词用_。C,名词性从句作主语，谓语动词常用，_但所指内容为复数意义，谓语动词用_。,单数,复数,单数,Group3:,(9)Nonewsisgoodnews.(10)Eitheroftheshirtsfitsmeverywell.(11)Noneofthefarmershas/havebeenabroad.,总结：,A,合成不定代词，如something,nothing，或neither/either/each/every+of+名词等作主语时，谓语用单数，none做主语时，谓语单复数均可。B,以s结尾的名词，如学科，国家等，本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数，如news,maths,physics等.,Group4:,(12)3/4ofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.(13)Thepopulationofthecityislarge.2/3ofthepopulationareHan.,总结：,A,当分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语与后面的名词单复数一致。B,表示意义较抽象的“人口”时，谓语动词用单数；表示某地区的全体居民时，为集合名词，谓语动词用复数。,Group5:,(14)Tenyearsisquitealongtime.(15)Hisfamilyarefatandshort,总结：A,当主语是表示时间，距离，金钱，货币等的名词作主语时谓语用单数。,B，当集合名词family,class,army,group,team,enemy,government,public,couple等作主语时，如果主语看作一个整体，谓语用单数，如果看作其中的成员（个体时）谓语用复数。C,但集合名词people,police,poultry(家禽),itia(民兵).vermin(害虫)等在任何情况下都用复数形式。,Thereawolfandfivegoatsinthepicture.,Therefivegoatsandawolfinthepicture.,are,is,总结：A,连词or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,whetheror,notbut,等连词并列作主语时，谓语与最近的主语保持一致。B,在there或here引导的句子，如果主语不只是一个,谓语通常和邻近的主语一致.,NowIhavesomerhymesforyou.Readthemaloud.Doremember!,1.谓语动词只用单数（1）：,And连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠。Manya作主也如此，谓语动词应用单。noeachevery后单名，两种事是一概念，不定式，动名词，主语从句谓全单。主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。,代词neithereithereach等，用作主语谓全News，means，works，貌似复数实则单还有-ics结尾学科词，国、书、剧名加格言；以上情况请记清，谓语动词全用单。时间货币与距离，谓语多单复少见。,1.谓语动词只用单数（2）：,2.谓语动词只用复数：,有些名词谓常复，cattle,people,police等即这般；the带形容词一类人，姓氏复数加定冠；-s结尾的海峡，山脉与群岛，谓语用复勿用单。,3.谓语动词可单可复（1）,None,all,halfof等，of之宾语定答案。还有分数，百分数，仍据of宾语定复单。代词All指人谓复数，All指事谓用单。量词用法请注意，谓语要随量词变。Rest,means,following,等，意义决定其复、单。关系代词定从主语，谓语根据先行词判。Or,nor,butalso,ratherthan,therebe就近原则挂嘴边。,Practicemakesperfect,Anumberofstudents_goneforanouting.Thenumberofstudents_increasingeveryyear.A.have;hasB.is;haveC.has;haveD.have;is,2.Eachstudent_gotanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Thestudentseach_adictionary.A.have;hasB.has;haveC.have;haveD.has;has,3.There_apen,anink-bottle,andsomebooksonit.There_somebowls,platesandaspoononit.A.is;areB.are;areC.are;isD.is;is,D,B,A,6.Only80%ofthestudentsintheclass_Leaguemembers.About40%ofJimsincome_hasbeenspentonhisnewhouse.A.are;goesB.are;goC.is;goesD.is;go,5.Thepoliceman_standingatthestreetcorner.Thepolice_searchingforhim.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is,A,C,4.Mybluetrousers_wornout.Onepairoftrousers_notenough.A.is;areB.are;areC.is;isD.are;is,D,7.PangSiyuistheonlyoneofthegirlswhothepiano.(play)8.GaoHanisoneoftheboyswhothepiano.9.Thewounded_bythehospital.A.havebeentakeninB.hasbeentakeninC.havetakeninD.hastakenin9.Aftersayinggood-bye,thecouplemovedoffand_inthecrowd.A.waslostB.werelostC.hadlostD.lost,A,B,play,plays,Readyforthechallenge?,Xiaoming:Howdoyouevaluatetheportraits(画像)thatwehavepainted?Teacher:Manyastudenthaspassed.Somestudentshavedoneprettywell.Xiaoming:Whataboutme?Teacher:Thereisonlyonestudentwhohasfailed.Thatsyou!,Xiaoming:Me?Butmostofmysparedtimehasbeenspentinpaintingit.,Teacher:OK,guys,hereishiswork.,(Laugh)Students:Sougly!Noneofushas(have)everseensuchanuglygirl!,Xiaoming:Butanumberofmyfriendssayitisgood.Morethanoneofmyfriendstellsmeitistruetolife.,Teacher:Truetolife?Whois