初中英语被动语态完整版(牛津英语Unit3语法).ppt

被动语态,ThePassiveVoice,Theyplaybasketballeveryweek.,Basketballisplayedbythemeveryweek.,be+动词的过去分词(pp=PastParticiple)be+p.p(done),有各种时态的变化,一、被动语态的基本结构:,water,wateredwatered,use,usedused,study,studiedstudied,stop,stoppedstopped,do,diddone,ride,roderidden,1.规则动词的过去分词（同过去式）：,1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed,2)以不发音e结尾的加-d,3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed,4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed,2.不规则动词的过去分词（背）：,Thepigsweepstheflooreveryday.,Thefloorissweptbythepigeveryday.,jacket,Thejacketisusedforkeepingwarm.,ThejacketismadeinChina.,Theflowers,Whatdoesshedoeveryday?,everyday.,arewatered,byher,Shewaterstheflowerseveryday.主谓宾,Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.,1、一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done,1.NowEnglish_bymoreandmorepeopleallovertheword.A.speaksB.isspokenC.wasspoken,task,1.WelikeMissLinVerymuch.MissLin_byusverymuch.2.ManyyoungpeopleloveJayChousongs.JayChoussongs_bymanyyoungpeople.,is,liked,are,loved,时态:,结构：,am/is/are+done,一般现在时,2.Iboughtacomputerlastterm,Acomputerwasbought(byme)lastterm.,ThelightwasinventedbyThomasEdison.,invent,ThomasEdisoninventedthelight.,TheGreatWallwasbuiltbyChinesepeoplemanyyearsago.,ChinesepeoplebuilttheGreatWallmanyyearsago.,Jimrodethemotorbiketohisfactoryyesterday.,Themotorbikewasriddentohisfactoryyesterday.,Heputonacoat.Acoatwasputonbyhim.,Hemadethekite.Thekitewasmadebyhim.,2.一般过去时的被动语态was/were+done,2.Thelostboy_atthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor,task,1.Themanrepairedthecaryesterday.Thecar_bythemanyesterday.,was,repaired,时态:,结构：,was/were+done,一般过去时,Theywillplanttreestomorrow.TreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrowHeisgoingtowritealettertohismother.Aletterisgoingtobewrittentohismotherbyhim.,3.一般将来时的被动语态,shall/will/begoingto+bedone,3.Manyhouses_inthefuture.A.willbuildB.willbebuiltC.arebuilt,一般将来时的被动语态：will+be+PPbegoingto+be+PP,task,1.Thecitywillbuildthenewairportnextyear.Thenewairport_nextyear.2.HuidongMiddleSchoolisgoingtosendtwostudentstoHongkongtostudy.Twostudents_toHongkongtostudy.,will,be,are,be,时态:,结构：,will/begoingto+be+done,一般将来时,built,going,to,sent,4.现在完成时has/have+beendone,Jimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.,Threebridges_sincelastyear.A.havebuiltB.werebuiltC.havebeenbuilt,现在完成时的被动语态：have/has+been+PP,task,1.LiMinghasalreadywateredsomeflowers.Someflowers_byLiMingalready.2.Theyhavesoldoutthelightgreendress.Thelightgreendress_out.,have,been,has,时态:,结构：,Have/has+been+done,现在完成时,watered,been,sold,Anncantakegoodcareofthecats,ThecatscanbetakengoodcareofbyAnn.情态动词(modelverb)：S+can/must/should等情态动词+be+过去分词,Hecancarrythebasket.,Thebasketcanbecarriedbyhim.,Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.,Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.,Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday.,Theclassroomshouldbecleanedbyuseveryday.,Ourstudentsmustntsmokecigarettes.,Cigarettesmustntbesmokedbyourstudents.,5.含有情态动词的被动语态,can/may/must/should+bedone,Icanfindhim.Hecanbefoundbyme.,Flowers_everyday.A.hasbeenwateredB.shouldbewateredC.shouldwater,含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+PP,情态动词+be+done,Youmustntcleantheroomtoday.Theroom_byyoutoday.,mustnt,be,cleaned,Part3,练习:用be动词的正确形式填空.,Aknife_usedtocutapples.2.Theair_pollutedalready.3.Therooms_cleanedlater.4.Thestudents_askedtohavebreakfast.5.They_encouragedtostudyhardinthepast.6.NotonlyhebutalsoI_punishedlastnight.,is,hasbeen,willbe,are,were,was,一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：情态动词:,am/is/are+done,情态动词+be+done,will+be+done,was/were+done,以下时态的被动语态构成,Summary,现在完成时：,has/have+been+done,Task4,被动语态的用法,1.不知道动作的执行者是谁。,这块手表是中国制造的。ThiswatchismadeinChina.,2.没有必要指出动作的执行者,每年都应该种更多的树。Manytreesshouldbeplantedeveryyear.,3.需要强调或突出动作的承受者。,世界上越来越多的人说汉语。Chineseisspokenbymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.,4.句子的主语是动作的承受者。,许多房屋被冲走了。Manyhouseswerewashedawaybytheflood.,主动变被动的方法:,Shewaterstheflowerseveryday.主谓宾,Theflowersarewateredbyhereveryday.,总结:,主语,be+P.P,by+宾语,被动语态中的特殊情况:,一、有些动词的主动形式表示被动含义,1.read,sell,last,wash,write等带状语（well,easily)时。如:Herbooksellswell.,2.感官动词feel,look,smell,sound,taste等与形容词连用时。如：Thecaketastesdelicious.,Goodmedicine_bittertothemouth.A.tastesB.istastedC.tasteThispen_well.A.issoldB.sellC.sells,1.Thepen_well.A.iswrittenB.writes2.Themusic_nice.A.soundsB.issounded,B,A,例：Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.我的自行车需要修理。,二.want/need/require+doing=want/need/require+tobedone,1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.,areused,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toreturnthebookintime.,Theticketwasfound,wastold,3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.,5.Lastyearwebuiltalibraryinourschool.Alibrary_inourschoollastyear.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_tohelpthem.,wasbuilt,canbe,used,7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?_atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_ourwork_today?,Weremanytreesplanted,Mustbefinished,9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)_somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_.,weweregiven,were,giventous,10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_bywomeninthisfactory.,wasasked,isdone,12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.,canbemended,mustbe,taken,Exercise：,1.Thekey