复习状语从句

递进关系选择关系转折关系因果关系特别的when,并列句,and/notonlybutalso/neithernor/notbut,or/eitheror/otherwise,but/yet/while,so/for,bedoingwhenbeabouttodo/begoingtodo/beonthepointofdoingsth.whenhadjustdonewhen,状语从句,Theadverbialclause,语法导学,状语从句,1、时间状语从句2、地点状语从句3、原因状语从句4、目的状语从句5、结果状语从句6、条件状语从句7、方式状语从句8、让步状语从句9、比较状语从句,【精讲】,语法导学,状语从句,【时间状语从句】,1.时间状语从句：1）由when，whenever引导。,when指的是“某一具体的时间”。,whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体的时间”。,如：_Icameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.Weshallgothere_wearefree.,When,whenever,语法导学,状语从句,【时间状语从句】,1.时间状语从句：2）由while、as引导。,while指“在某一段时间里”，“在期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。,as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，从句常译作“一边一边”。,如：_itwasraining,theywentout.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehind_hewent.,While,as,区分while和when,_Icameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter._itwasraining,theywentout.,When,When/While,语法导学,状语从句,【时间状语从句】,1.时间状语从句：3）由before、after、since引导。,如：Beapupil_youbecomeateacher.Hearrived_thegamestarted,andhewaslate.Greatchangeshavetakenplace_Chinaopeneduptotheoutsideworld.,before,after,since,用since还是before,Hehadmademesitdown_Ibegantotalk.Ihavewrittenhomefourtimes_Icamehere.Itwillbefivemonth_wetakepartinthecollegeEntranceExam.Itis/hasbeen2years_Wenchuanearthquakeoccurred.Itwillbe+一段时间+beforeItis/hasbeen+一段时间+since,before,since,before,since,Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since,Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.ItisthreeyearssinceIlivedhere.ItisthreeyearssinceIlefthere.,语法导学,状语从句,【时间状语从句】,1.时间状语从句：4）由till、until引导。,till主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到为止”。亦可用until替换。,Until主句动词是瞬间动词，常用notuntil，表示“直到才”“在以前不”.,如：Wewaitedhecameback.Shedidntstopworking_elevenoclock.,till/until,until,Notunitl句型的强调和倒装,Shedidntstopworkingunitlelevenoclock.Itwasnotunitlelevenoclockthatshestoppedworking.Idonthaveanyideaofituntilyoutoldme.NotuntilyoutoldmedoIhaveanyideaofit.,语法导学,状语从句,【时间状语从句】,1.时间状语从句：5）由hardly/scarcelywhen；nosoonerthan;assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,once引导。,如：Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.（=HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.）,语法导学,状语从句,【时间状语从句】,1.时间状语从句：6）由everytime,bythetime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,allthetime,anytime引导。,注意：EverytimeI_(travel)byboat,I_(get)seasick.,travel,willget,语法导学,状语从句,【地点状语从句】,2.地点状语从句：由where，wherever引导。,如：thereisawill,thereisaway.Youarefreetogo_youlike.,Where,wherever,区分Where定语从句和Where状语从句,Youdbettermakeamarkwhereyouhaveanyquestions.Youdbettermakeamarkattheplacewhereyouhaveanyquestions.,语法导学,状语从句,【原因状语从句】,3.原因状语从句：1）由because引导。,because用来回答why的问题，语气最强，一般放在主句之后。,如：IcamebacklateyesterdaybecauseIwasonduty.,语法导学,状语从句,【原因状语从句】,3.原因状语从句：2）由since,nowthat，as引导。,Since/nowthat既然或已知的理由,多放句首。As放句首或者句尾,如：everyoneishere,letsbeginourmeeting.,Since/Nowthat/As,特殊的when表示原因,Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldwalkthereinfiveminutes.,既然,语法导学,状语从句,【目的状语从句】,4.目的状语从句：由sothat,inorderthat,incase,lest=（forfearthat）引导。,目的状语从句中常用情态动词may(might),can(could),should。,如：Ishallwritedownyourtelephonenumber_Imaynotforgetit.Putonmoreclothes_youshouldcatchacold.,语法导学,状语从句,【结果状语从句】,5.结果状语从句：1）由sothat，sothat,suchthat引导。,sothat前有逗号为结果状语从句。,如：Weturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.,语法导学,状语从句,【结果状语从句】,Sothat.与Such.that.,如：Itissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.,=Itissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.,语法导学,状语从句,【条件状语从句】,6.条件状语从句：由if，unless，as/solongas，incase，onconditionthat,supposethat,supposingthat,providedthat引导。,条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态主将从现。,如：Weshallgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.=Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesntrain.,语法导学,状语从句,【方式状语从句】,7.方式状语从句：由as，asif，asthough引导。,此处as译为“按照”或“正如”，asif或asthough“好像”。从句中可以用虚拟语气。,如：DrawacatasItaughtyou.,语法导学,状语从句,【让步状语从句】,8.让步状语从句：1）由though，although引导。,不能再用“但是”（but），但可以与yet或still连用,如：Although(Though)hewasoversixty,(yet)hebegantolearnFrench.,语法导学,状语从句,【让步状语从句】,8.让步状语从句：2）由evenif，eventhough引导。,evenif和eventhough的意思为“即使”“纵使”。,如：Illgoevenif(though)itrainstomorrow.,语法导学,状语从句,【让步状语从句】,8.让步状语从句：3）由as引导。,as，语序部分倒装。,如：Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.,=Though/Althoughheisachild,heknowsalot.,语法导学,状语从句,【让步状语从句】,8.让步状语从句：4）由wh-ever引导。,wh-ever从句中的动词有时可以和may连用。,如：Whateverhappens/mayhappen,weshallnotloseheart