被动语态的复习[1].ppt

一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态,WespeakEnglish.,主语,谓语,宾语,Englishisspokenbyus.,主语,谓语,宾语,宾变主,主变宾,前加by动变被,看清be,结构分别be+pp,主动语态,被动语态,主变被解题步骤:,1.找宾语-即动作的承受者,Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoes,2.判断宾语的单复数-即be动词的单复数.,arewere,3.判断动词的时态-即be动词的时态.,4.修改谓语的时态-即原句动词改为过去分词,made,5.修改原句的主语-即by+主语/宾语.,bythem.,Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.,Tombrokethewindows.ThewindowswerebrokenbyTom.,Hebrokethewindows.Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim.,一般现在时：am/is/aredone一般过去时：was/weredone现在进行时：am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时：was/werebeingdone现在完成时：have/hasbeendone过去完成时：hadbeendone一般将来时：shall/willbedone;begoingtobedone当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为can/must/havetobedone,1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词,变为被动语态,Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.,Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday.,WecallthesnowmanMrStrong.,ThesnowmaniscalledMrStrong.,Weusuallyhearhimplayinthenextroom.,Heisusuallyheardtoplayinthenextroom.,2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm,Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词,Heboughthisfriendsomefruitsyesterday.,Hisfriendwasboughtsomefruitsyesterday.,Somefruitswereboughtforhisfriendyesterday.,4AbycantakegoodcareofTina,TinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAby.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词,Hecancarrythebasketeasily.,Thebasketcanbeeasilycarriedbyhim.,Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.,Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.,“Wemustputtheminthefridge.”Thedogsthought.,“Theymustbeputinthefridge.”Thedogsthought.,3.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词,Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.,Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow.,Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词,Theyareholdingasportsmeetingnow.,Asportsmeetingisbeingheld(bythem)now.,Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词,Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.,Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.,Wehadreceivedmanylettersbytheendoflastweek.,Manylettershadbeenreceivedbytheendoflastweek.,Theywouldhaveapartythenextday.,Apartywouldbehad(bythem)thenextday.,1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.,areused,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,七嘴八舌,3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toreturnthebookintime.,Theticketwasfound,wastold,3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.,5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He_onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_tohelpthem.,wasmadetohave,canbe,used,7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?_atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_ourwork_today?,Weremanytreesplanted,Mustbefinished,9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)_somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_.,weweregiven,were,giventous,10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_bywomeninthisfactory.,wasasked,isdone,12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.,canbemended,mustbe,taken,14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?_thisquestionoften_about_?,isstudied,Is,talked,bythem,Answerrightorwrong,1.必须照看好孩子们。Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcare.()Thechildrenmustbetakengoodcareof.()2.这本书是鲁迅写的。ThisbookwaswrotebyLuXun.()ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.()3.昨天那支笔是他给我的。Thatpencilwasgivenmebyhimyesterday.()Thatpencilwasgiventomebyhimyesterday.(),W,R,W,R,W,R,4.这辆自行车能修吗？Canthisbikemended?()Canthisbikebemended?()5.街道已由他们清理了。Thestreethasbeencleanedbythey.()Thestreethasbeencleanedbythem.(),W,R,W,R,必背！,动词短语的被动语态,takecareofbetakencareof,cutdownbecutdown,laughatbelaughedat,lookafterbelookedafter,Theymadeshoesinthatfactory.Theywillmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theywouldmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theycanmakeshoesinthatfactory.Theyhavemadeshoesinthatfactory.Theyhadmadeshoesinthatfactory.Theyaremakingshoesinthatfactory.Theyweremakingshoesinthatfactory.,四几种值得注意的被动语态变化,带复合宾语的被动语态结构,（）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.,MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.,JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.,watchlethavehearseenotice,(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.,Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.,Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.,hear/watch/.,Weoftenhearthemsingthissong.,Theyareoftenheardtosingthissong(byus).,Thissongisoftenheard(byus)tobesung(bythem).,BobsentKatealetterlastyear.,=KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear.,=AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear.,tellaskbringwritegiveteachpasslend,to,HetoldJimastory.,Mummademeanewdress.,IwasmadeanewdressbyMum.AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum.,makebuydraw,for,Iboughtmybrotherabook.,注意:,约翰打开了收音机。,Johnturnedontheradio.,Theradiowasturnedon.,奶奶照看我姐姐。,Grandmatakescareofmysister.,MysisteristakencareofbyGrandma.,注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。,Wemustspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.,Oldpeoplemustbespokentopolitely.,Theysaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.,Itwassaidthathewouldcomebacksoon.,类似的还有：Itisreported/believed/hoped/supposedthat.,Wereport,1).不及物动词没有被动语态。,如：belong,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,等。,*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.,*ThatbikedoesntbelongtoMike.,不用被动语态的几种情况：,不用被动语态的几种情况：,2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态,have/fit,IhaveaTVset.,Thecoatfitsmewell.,3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】Lookattheblackboard，please【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou,不用被动语态的几种情况：,4.系动词没有被动态和进行时态,这鱼味道很好。,这条围巾摸上去很软。,Thefishtastesgood.,Thescarffeelssoft.,5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：【正】Youmustlookafteryourself【误】Yourselfmustbelookedafter,4.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。,这书很好卖。,这种布很好洗。,Thebooksellswell.,Thiskindofclothwashesverywell.,这书卖完了。,Thebookissoldout.,这块表需要修理一下。,Thewatchneedsmending.,=Thewatchneedstobemended.,=Weneedtomendthewatch.,want,Didhefinishtheworkyesterday?,Werethebookstakenawaybythegirl?,Didthegirltakeawaythebooks?,Wasthewind