新概念二册教案2-20动名词.ppt

,Lesson20,Onemaninaboat,Newwordsandexpressions,catchv.抓到fishermann.钓鱼人，渔民bootn.靴子wasten.浪费realizev.意识到,catchv.抓到vt.捉住，逮住，捕获Thepolicehavecaughtthethief.Haveyoucaughtanyfishtoday?vt.抓住，握住Canyoucatchtheball?vt.及时赶到，赶上catchabus赶车Iwanttocatchtheeightnineteen(train)toLondon.catch的一些固定用法catchacold染上感冒catchonesbreath摒住呼吸catchsightof=see看见catchfire着火catchoneseyes吸引某人注意力,bootn.靴子apairofboots一双靴子wasten.浪费n.浪费awasteof浪费Itisawasteoftime/money/food/water.vt.浪费Youarewastingtime.,realizev.意识到v.认识，知道，明白，意识到Iwentintothewrongroomwithoutrealizingit.我无意中走错了房间。IrealizedthatIwaswrong.v.实现（希望、目标、愿望等）realizeonesdream实现某人的梦想Shehasrealizedherhopetobeanactress.使变为事实，使发生（常用于被动语态）Thisplancanneverberealized.,Listeningcomprehension,Thewriter_.a.alwayscatchessomethingb.nevercatchesanythingc.sometimespullsupoldbootsandrubbishd.nevergoeshomewithanemptybagThewriterenjoys_.a.catchingfishb.fishingc.doingnothingd.swimmingintheriver,c,Onemaninaboat,Fishingismyfavouritesport.Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.Butthisdoesnotworryme.Somefishermenareunlucky.Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.Iamevenlesslucky.Inevercatchanything-notevenoldboots.Afterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.Youmustgiveupfishing!myfriendssay.Itsawasteoftime.Buttheydontrealizeoneimportantthing.Imnotreallyinterestedinfishing.Iamonlyinterestedinsittinginaboatanddoingnothingatall!,Onemaninaboat,Fishingismyfavouritesport.fishing是一个动名词，由动词+ing组成，动名词可以作主语或宾语，如eating，reading等等fishn.鱼（不可数名词），鱼的种类（可数）Therearealotoffishes(表示种类)inthesea.v.钓鱼,捕鱼,Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.for+时间表示一段时间forhours=forsomehours数小时withoutcatchinganything作为状语而出现,表示结果状语。without是介词，后面一定要加宾语,动名词catching作without的宾语，without后面的动作是主语来做的。动名词也有动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语。,Ioftenfishforhourswithoutcatchinganything.without通常表示“缺乏、没有”；当它位于动名词前时，表示“不曾、不”Icantrepairthecarwithoutyourhelp.Theytriedtoleavetherestaurantwithoutpaying.Hewentoutwithoutsayinganywords.,Butthisdoesnotworryme.worryv.烦恼，担扰worrysb.某人为烦恼，担扰（作动词一定要加人作宾语,翻译时从后往前翻，宾语担心）Thehouseworriedme./Mydaughterworriedme.adj.担心beworriedabout为担心Iwasneverworriedaboutthis.=Thisdoesnotworryme.,Insteadofcatchingfish,theycatcholdbootsandrubbish.insteadof我原准备做但是后来做了（insteadof后面的词一定是没有做的,可以放在主句后面）Iwenttoschoolinsteadofstayingathome.我没呆在家里而是去上学了Iboughtbooksinsteadofbuyingdresses.without强调没有做某件事,insteadof强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事副词instead“作为替代，反而”，单独使用时一般出现在句尾IfyoudontwantaholidayinEngland,whydontyougotoAustraliainstead?,Iamevenlesslucky.lesslittle的比较级，意为“不及，不如，更少”IspendlesstimeonEnglishthanonFrench.less+原形AislessthanBA不如B,Afterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.spend+时间+在某地在某地度过时间afterafter+从句在之后after+名词/动词的ing形式之后（从句主语必须是主句的主语时两种形式可互换）AfterIgotoschool,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.(用一般式表示一个事实,不用“wentto”)Aftergoingtoschool,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.介词after的宾语的动名词havingspent所表示的动作发生在谓语动词go之前，所以动名词用完成形式。,Afterhavingspentwholemorningsontheriver,Ialwaysgohomewithanemptybag.withwithanemptybag注意连读withsth.有的，持有的，随身带着(状语)Whosthemanwiththebeard?withoutsth.没带Ialwaysgohomewithoutangthing.什么都没带回家,Youmustgiveupfishing!myfriendssay.giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.放弃做某事Giveupsmoking.Imnotreallyinterestedinfishing.beinterstedinsth./doingsth.对感兴趣Iminterestedincollectingstamps.,Keystructures,动名词动词+ing作名词时称为动名词，它仍有动词的属性，可以接宾语，动名词可以代替名词做主语和宾语或介词宾语。1、动名词作主语Watchingtelevisionismyfavouritepastime.看电视是我最喜爱的业余爱好.2、动名词作宾语Iamverykeenoncycling.我非常喜欢骑自行车.Heiscapableofdoinganything.他能胜任任何事情.,3、利用介词/副词+动名词可以把两个句子连成一个句子apologizefor(not)doingsth.为什么事情而道歉Imustapologize.Iinterruptedyou.我得表示道歉.我打断了你的说话(工作).Imustapologizeforinterruptingyou.由于打断了你的说话(工作),我得表示道歉.（forinterrupting强调interrupt这个动词）Imustapologizeforhavinginterruptedyou.（forhavinginterrupted强调interrupt这个动词先发生，强调时间(havingdone)）以上两者为时间概念不同，意思相同,congratulate(sb.)ondoingsth.因祝贺（某人）Hecongratulatedme.Iwonthecompetition.他向我道贺.我赢得了这次比赛.Hecongratulatedmeonwinningthecompetition.在我赢得这次比赛之际,他向我祝贺.Hecongratulatedmeonhavingwonthecompetition.thankyouforlistening/attending动名词用表示完成时的having+过去分词结构往往强调动名词的动词发生在前面。,4、跟动名词的短语bekeenondoingsth.（热忠于）,befondof,beinterestedin,enjoydoingsth.（喜欢做某事），congratulationsondoingsth.（祝贺）beafraidofbeupto=becapableof(capableadj.有能力的,能干的,有可能的,可以.的)可以带动名词的介词有：before，after，without，in