Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见简介英国文学word版本.ppt

BiographicalIntroduction,Familybackground:wasborninacountryclergymansfamilyandwasbroughtupinanintelligentbutrestrictedenvironment.Education:Throughawidereadingofbooksavailableinherfatherslibrary,Janeacquiredathroughknowledgeof18thcenturyliterature.Life:shelivedaquiet,retiredanduneventfullife.Andherclosestcompanionwashereldersister,wholikesher,nevermarried.Writing:shebeganasachildtowritenovelsforfamilyentertainment.Herworkswerepublishedanonymouslyduetotheprejudiceagainstwomenwritersthen.,Thehousewhereshelived,Chawton,Hampshire,JaneAustensHouseatChawton,Persuasion1818,Emma1816,NorthangerAbbey1818,Majorworks,Herliteraryachievements,MansfieldPark1814,PrideandPrejudice1813,SenseandSensibility1811,Sensemarryforbeautyandpassion;marryfortruelove),Austensliteraryconcern,AsanovelistJaneAustenwriteswithinaverynarrowsphere.Thesubjectmatter,thecharacterrange,thephysicalsetting,socialsetting,andplotsareallrestrictedtotheprovincialorvillagelifeofthe19thcenturyEngland.(somefamilythings,dancingparties,teaparties,picnicsandgossips).Butwithaclosestudyofthecharactersandsetting,shecanportraythemwithabsoluteaccuracyandsureness.,Shedepictedtheeverydaylifeofthefamiliesofbiggerorsmallerlandlordsandclergymen,withtheinterestcenteredchieflyupontheloveandmarriageoftheyoungandthenot-so-youngfolk,describingindetailtheirordinaryconversations,walks,drives,teas,dances,visits,picnics,journeysandothercommonactivities.,WalterScottpraisedher:“ThatyoungladyhasatalentfordescribingtheinvolvementsandfeelingsandcharactersofordinarylifewhichistomethemostwonderfulIevermetwith.Thebig-wowstrainIcandomyself,likeanynowgoing;buttheexquisitetouchwhichrendersordinarycommonplacethingsandcharactersinterestingfromthetruthofthedescriptionandthesentiment,isdeniedtome.Whatapitysuchagiftedcreaturediedsoearly!”,PrideandPrejudice,wasfirstwritteninthelate1700s,thenrewrittenin1811-1812andfinallypublishedinearly1813.PrideandPrejudice,originallyentitledFirstImpressions,isthestoryofayounggirlwhorejectsanofferofmarriagebecausetheyoungnoblemanwhomakesithasbeenrudetoherfamily.,MrandMrsBennetlivewiththeirfivedaughtersatLongbournnearLondon.Becausetheyhavenoson,theirpropertywillhavetopass,accordingtothelawatthattime,toacousin,WilliamCollins.Hopingtosecuretheirdaughterspositioninsociety,theybothwanttomarrythemtosomewealthygentlemen.ItsohappensthatCharlesBingley,asinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune,comestosettleintheneighborhoodwithhistwosistersandhisfriendFitzwilliamDarcy,whoisalsorichandunmarried.BingleyandJanefallinlovewitheachotheralmostatfirstsight.AndDarcyisattractedtoJanessisterElizabeth,butheoffendsherbyhisinsolentbehaviorandruderemarksataball.Thedislikeandrepulsionisincreasedbytheprideoftheoneandtheprejudiceoftheother.,However,Darcycontinuestobeattractedtoher,inspiteofhimself,tillheproposestoherbutisrejectedindignantly.Lateron,onatriptonorthofEnglandwithheruncleandaunt,ElizabethchancestomeetDarcy,whoreceivesthemverywarmlyandshowsgreatlyimprovedmanners.Thusprideischeckedandprejudiceremoved.Justatthispoint,newsreachesElizabeththatheryoungestsisterLydiahaselopedwithWickham.ByDarcyshelp,theirmarriageisfinallybroughtabout.Andthroughhisinfluence,theformertiebetweenBingleyandJaneisrenewed,whichleadstotheirengagement.DarcyandElizabethalsobecomeengageddespitetheinterventionofLadyCatherinedeBourgh.ThestorythenendshappilywiththemarriagesofJaneandElizabeth.,Discussion:JaneAustensoriginaltitleforthenovelwasFirstImpressions.WhatroledofirstimpressionsplayinPrideandPrejudice?,CHARACTERS,Thecentralmalecharacter.Heisanintelligent,wealthy,extremelyhandsomeandreserved28-year-oldman,whooftenappearshaughtyorproudtostrangersbutpossessesanhonestandkindnatureunderneath.Initially,heconsidersElizabethhissocialinferior,unworthyofhisattention,buthefindsthat,despitehisinclinations,hecannotdenyhisfeelingsforElizabeth.HisinitialproposalofmarriageisrejectedbecauseofhisprideandElizabethsprejudiceagainsthim;however,attheendofthenovel,aftertheirrelationshiphasblossomed,heishappilyengagedtoElizabeth.,Mr.Darcy,Elizabeth(Lizzy)Bennetisthecoreofthefamily.ElizabethisthesecondofMr.andMrs.Bennetsfivedaughters,andisanintelligent,bold,attractivetwenty-year-oldwhenthestorybegins.Inadditiontobeingherfathersfavourite,Elizabethischaracterizedasasensible,yetstubborn,woman.Misledbyhiscoldoutwardbehaviour,ElizabethoriginallyholdsMr.Darcyincontempt.However,herrealizationofDarcysessentialgoodnesseventuallytriumphsoverherinitialprejudiceagainsthim.,ElizabethBennet,MrBennet,MrsBennet,JaneBennet(22),ElizabethBennet(20),LydiaBennet(15),MaryBennet(17),KittyBennet(16),TheBennetFamily,ChapterOne,Mr.BingleycomestoNetherfieldPark,anestateintheneighborhoodwheretheBennetslive.TheexcitementintheBennetfamily.Mrs.BenneturgesherhusbandtocallonMr.Bingleyimmediately.,“Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune,mustbeinwantofawife.”凡是有钱的单身汉，总想娶位太太，这已经成了一条举世公认的真理。Doyouagreewiththestatement?Whatistherelationshipbetweenmoneyandmarriage?,Inthisstatement,Austenhascleverlydonethreethings:Shehasdeclaredthatthemainsubjectofthenovelwillbecourtshipandmarriage,ShehasestablishedthehumoroustoneofthenovelbytakingasimplesubjecttoelaborateandtospeakintelligentlyofShehaspreparedthereaderforachaseinthenovelofeitherahusbandinsearchofawife,orawomeninpursuitofahusband.,Thefirstsentence,Thepreoccupationwithsociallyadvantageousmarriageinthe19thcenturyEnglandsocietymanifestsitselfinthefirstsentence,becauseinclaimingthatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife,thenarratorrevealsthatthereverseisalsotrue:asinglewoman,especiallytheonenotinpossessionofagoodfortune,mustbein(perhapsdesperate)wantofa(wealthy)husband.Rhetoricallyspeaking,thesentenceisanirony.Thereisanironicdifferencebetweentheformalmannerofthestatementandtheultimatemeaningofthesentence.,Mr.Bennetisaveryamiableandsomewhateccentricman,buthehasabitinglysarcastichumourandcanonlyderiveamusementfromhisnervouswife,Mr.Bennet,quick-minded,sarcastic,humorous,reserved,capricious.,Noisyandfoolish,sheisawomanconsumedbythedesiretoseeherdaughtersmarriedandseemstocarefornothingelseintheworld.Austenuseshercontinuallytohighlightthenecessityofmarriageforyoungwomen.,Mrs.Bennet,Awomanofmeanunderstanding,tittleinformation,anduncertaintemper.,IronyIronytheuseofwordstoexpresssomethingotherthan,oroppositeof,theliteralmeaningThreekindsofironyare（1）verbalirony;（2）dramaticirony;（3）situationalirony.,PrideandPrejudiceisamodelworkofJaneAustenssuccessfulemploymentofirony.Ironyplaysadecisivepartincharacterizationaswellasinplotdevelopment.,Irony(反讽),Thefirstsentencerevealsthatthereverseisalsotrue:asinglewoman,whosesociallyprescribedoptionsarequitelimited,isin(perhapsdesperate)wantofahusband.Mr.BennetcountersMrs.Bennetstalkwithmildlysarcasticstatements,themockingtoneofwhichMrs.Bennetcompletelymisses.,Irony(反讽),AsinmanyofAustensothernovels,ironyisemployedinPrideandPrejudiceasthelensthroughwhichsocietyandhumannatureareviewed.Throughthenovel,Austenstudiessocialrelationshipsinthelimitedsocietyofacountryneighbourhoodandinvestigatesthemindetailwithanoftenironicandhumorouseye.,PrideandPrejudice,Thethemesofthenovel,Women,PatriarchyandPropertyRights,“Entailment”律(不动产)继承人之限制determinedhowpropertywouldbepassedthroughseveralgenerationswithinafamily;usuallyclosestmalerelativeWomenhadfewlegalrightsWomenc