高中英语语法虚拟语气课件人教版必修五

1,虚拟语气,SubjunctiveMood,2,虚拟语气用来表示所说的不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议或是与事实相反的假设。虚拟语气通常用在下列情况。,(一)用于虚拟条件句中1.其主从句的谓语动词形式如下表：,虚拟语气,3,1)did2)be动词用were,should/would/could/might+do,should/would/could/might+do,should/would/could/might+have+done,1)did/were2)should/could+动动词原形3)weretodo,had+done,4,1)Ifeveryoneinthecountry_(know)firstaid,manylives_(save).(与现在事实相反)2)Ifthehurricane_(happen)duringtheday-time,there_(be)moredeaths.(与过去事实相反)3)Ifit_(rain)tomorrow,we_(notgo)out.(与将来事实相反),knew,wouldbesaved,hadhappened,wouldhavebeen,weretorain,shouldnotgo,5,2虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装当虚拟条件句中有动词were,had,should时可将if省去,而将were，had，should提到主语之前,形成省略倒装。1)_ittoraintomorrow，weshouldnotgoout.2)_itnotrainedyesterday,hewouldhavecometotheparty.3)_therebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?,Were,Had,Should,6,3.有时假设情况是通过一个介词短语来表示用without/butfor;or/orelse代替if从句。Without/Butforhishelp,wewouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogress.Ifhishelp,wewouldnthavemadesuchgreatprogress.,therehadntbeenwehadntgotithadnotbeenfor,7,4.混合时间条件句与主句条件句与主句的动作发生的时间有先后,应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的形式。1)Ifthey_(study)hard,theycould_(do)iteasilynow.如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。2)Ifhe_(take)myadvice,hewouldnt_itmuchbetterlikethis.如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。,hadstudied,do,hadnottaken,do,5.省略虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句情况1)Ifonlyhecouldcome!要是他能来就好了2)Sheshouldhavecometotheparty.她应该来参加聚会。3)Ifhehadmuchmoremoney.如果他有更多的钱就能.。,6.句型Ifitwerenotfor.(=Wereitnotfor.)Ifithadntbeenfor(=Haditnotbeenfor.)要不是.;如果不是.1)Ifithadntbeenforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboardwouldnthavebeensaved.2)Ifitwerenotforhisrichparents,hecouldntlivesoeasyalife.,(二)用于宾语从句中,1.用在表命令，建议，要求等动词后的宾语从句中动词为suggest,demandrequest,desire,order,propose,insist,advise等,宾语从句中用谓语用(should)do/beIinsistedhe_(go)toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing_(be)wrongwithhim.2)Isuggestthatwe_ameetingnextweek.3)Herpalefacesuggeststhatshe_(be)ill.,(should)go,was,（should）hold,is,表示现在的愿望：主语+did表示过去的愿望：主语+had+done表示将来的愿望：主语+would(could)+do1)IwishI_(be)abirdand_(fly)freely.2)IwishI_thatfilmstaryesterday3)HowIwishwestudents_(have)morefreetimetorelaxourselves!,were,couldfly,hadmet,had,2.用在表愿望的动词wish和短语wouldrather后的宾语从句中,12,4)Iwouldratheryou_(remain)herenow.5)Idratheryou_(do)thatyesterday.,remained,hadntdone,1.用在表被命令，被建议，被要求等动词和一些形容词后的主语从句中(it是形式主语)用在Itisdesired/ordered/decided/requested/suggested/proposed/necessary/important/natural等之后的主语从句中，其谓语动词形式为(should）+do1)Itsrequestedthattheplay_(put)onagain.2)Itsnecessarythathe_(send)thereatonce.,(三)用于主语从句中,(should)beput,(should)besent,2.用在表惊讶,出乎意料等分词动词或些形容词后的主语从句中(it是形式主语)用在itsstrange/apity/ashame/nowonder/surprising等之后的主语从句中，其谓语动词形式为should+do,should表示“竟然”,不可省1)Itsapitythatshe_(miss)thechancetogoabroad.2)Itsstrangethathe_(notpass)theexam.,shouldmiss,shouldntpass,3.句型Its(about/high)time(that)该是的时候了主语从句中谓语动词要用过去式或用should+do(should不可省略)Itstimeweshouldhavebreakfast.Itisabouttimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.Itshightimethatwedidsomethingtoimproveourenvironment.,(四)用于表语从和同位语从句中,用在suggestion/order/advice/demand/proposal/request/requirement等之后的表语从句和同位语从句中.其谓语动词形式为(should)+do.Hissuggestionisthattheybesenttothepoorareaatonce.2)Hegivestheorderthatweshouldrememberallthegrammar.,表语从句,同位语从句,(1)表现在用did或were(2)表过去用haddone1)Themanspeaksasifhe_(be)aforeigner.2)Theytalkedasifthey_(be)goodfriendsforyears.3)Evenifhe_(be)here,hecouldnotsolvetheproblem.,(五)用于asif/asthough引导的状语从句中,were,hadbeen,were,evenif/eventhough,注:asif/asthou