大学英语级考试辅导作文PPT课件

.,1,作文部分,大学英语四级考试专项辅导,.,2,第一讲基本常识篇第二讲遣词造句篇第三讲布局谋篇第四讲体裁篇第五讲熟能生巧篇,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇,.,3,第一讲基本常识篇,本讲主要内容:四级写作命题剖析：命题范围命题思路评分原则及标准写作应试技巧：写作的几个基本步骤高分作文技巧如何提高写作考场写作注意事项,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,4,四级写作具有显著的现实性。它们基本上可以包括大学生的学习、工作及课余生活或涉及当前社会的变化、发展及进步，或者一般的科普性的话题。总之，四级写作的题材不会出现偏题、怪题等现象，也不会让学生写一些不熟悉的社会现象或者与学生生活缺乏联系的科技题材的题目。,四级写作命题剖析：一、命题范围,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,5,近几年作文题目回顾：Nothingsucceedswithoutastrongwill(2011.12)(quittingsmokingistheeasiestthingintheworld.Ivedoneithundredsoftimes.)Onlineshopping(2011.6)(现在网上购物已成为一种时尚；网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题；我的建议)Howshouldparentshelpchildrentobeindependent?(2010.12)(目前不少父母为孩子包办一切；为了让孩子独立，父母应该)Duattendingshouldbegiventospelling?(2010.6)(如今不少学生在学习中不重视拼写；出现这种现象的原因；为了改变状况我认为),CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,6,Creatingagreencampus(2009.12)(建设绿色校园十分重要；绿色校园不仅指绿色环境；为了建设绿色校园，我们应该)Freeadmissiontomuseums(2009.6)(越来越多的博物馆免费开放的目的是什么；也会带了一些问题；我的看法)Limitingtheuseofthedisposableplasticbags(2008.12)(一次性塑料袋曾被广泛使用；造成的问题；限制使用的意义)Recreationalactivities(2008.6)(娱乐活动多种多样；娱乐活动可以使人们收益，也可能带来危害；作为大学生，我认为),CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,7,二、命题思路,四级考试作文项目的命题指导思想以大学英语教学大纲及大学英语四级考试大纲为依据，试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或要求看图作文，或给出段首句要求续写，或给出关键词要求写成短文，或要求分析图表作文，或为日常应用文（如信函、简历）等。通过对历年四级作文真题的分析和归纳，可以看出四级作文的体裁多样，主要有论说文、记叙文、图表作文、应用文等。,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,8,三、评分原则及标准,1）评分原则,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,9,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,10,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,11,Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledHowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2、为了让孩子独立，父母应该,评分原则及标准实例：2010年12月短文写作,14分范文,11分范文,8分范文,5分范文,2分范文,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,12,写作应试技巧,文章的构成1、字2、词3、句4、段5、文,写作的几个基本步骤1、审题2、构思3、选择合适的框架之后动笔行文4、检查修改,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,13,2007.12WhatElectivestoChoose?,1.个大学为学生开设了多种多样的选修课2.学生出于各种原因选择不同的选修课3.以我自己为例审题构思相关词汇：选修课，开设，原因，以为例,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,14,如何选词,Translatethefollowingsentences：我们应该通过不同的课程扩大知识面。(Tobroadengeneralknowledge)Comparethefollowingsentences:Weshouldusedifferentcoursestobroadengeneralknowledge.Weoughttomakeuseofvariouselectivestobroadengeneralknowledge.Wearesupposedtotakeadvantageofdiverseoptionalstobroadengeneralknowledge.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,15,选词存在的问题：,1、可供“调遣”的词汇量贫乏，用词大部分局限于中学词汇。e.g.Goodpoints=Problems,badpoints=,benefits,advantages,merits,virtues,drawbacks,disadvantages,shortcomings,defects,demerits,flaw,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,16,2、表达相近意义时，常重复用一个词，用词单调e.g.Itsgoodforsb.todosth.good=,helpful,useful,beneficial,favorable,advantageous,doesgoodto,benefit,furthersome,选词存在的问题：,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,17,cause,leadto,resultin,bringabout,arouse,giverise/birthto,contributeto,accountfor,引起，导致：,运用，利用，使用：,use,makeuseof,make(good,effective,wide,wise,full)useofsth.,take(full)advantageof,employ,impose,utilize,exert,apply,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,18,adaptto,adjustto,makefit,getusedto,beaccustomedto,beconditionedto,befitfor,习惯于，适应于：,选修课=,electives,relatedcourses,optionals,interestingsubjects,acoursethatyouareinterestedin/thatisnotyourmajor/thathelpsyougetyourcredits,optionalcourses,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,19,.,20,如何造句,四级用句=长句+短句简单句：e.g.Collegestudentsshouldgettoknowtheworldoutsidethecampus.Studyingabroadisbeneficialtoyoungpeopleinmanydifferentaspects.Informationplaysanimportantroleinourlifeandwork.Knowledgecanlayasolidfoundationforourfuturecareer.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,21,并列句：e.g.Behonest,oryouwillneverlearnanything.Weshouldnotjustsitherecomplaining,foritwouldbeofnouse.Somepeoplehavenomoneytospend,whileothershavenothingtospendmoneyon.常见的并列连词and,notonlybutalso,then,but,while,for,eitheror,neithernor,or,orelse,nor,如何造句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,22,复合句：定语从句，主语从句等常用e.g.Childrenwholikefastfoodarenotverylikelytogetenoughnutritionfromit.Itiswell-knownthatlanguageisthemostcommonmeansofcommunication.Thoughstudymethodsmaydifferfrompersontoperson,thefollowingsuggestionsmightbebeneficialtoall.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,23,其它句子在写作中的运用Whichwayisthebesttogettoknowthesociety,throughlisteningtotheradio,watchingTV,readingthenewspapers,ortakingpartinsocialactivities?DontyouagreewithmyideathatatestoforalEnglishbeincludedintheCET-4and6?Itiseducationthatmakesapersonwise.Whatanadvantageousthingitistostudyabroad!,二、如何造句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,24,句型多样简单句，并列句和复合句交替使用，灵活使用各种句子结构如：倒装句，省略句。强调句，非谓语动词，疑问句，祈使句和感叹句等。若要写好作文，要写好句子，首先要掌握句子结构和句式变化及句子类型，可通过对泛读课文经典句子的背诵提高应用语言基本句型的能力。要善于模仿。Imitationisagoodwaytolearn.,二、如何造句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,25,Imitation,Neverbeforehavesomany(solargeaproportionof)peoplebeenattractedbyknowledge.,从来没有这么多人出国留学。,Neverbeforehavesomanypeoplestudiedabroad.,withthedevelopmentofthesociety,随着现代社会的发展，人们的生活水平越来越高了。,Withthedevelopmentofmodernsociety,peopleenjoyabetterlifethaneverbefore.,thesedaysoftenhitstheheadlinesofnewspapers.,最近，春节联欢晚会引起了社会的广泛关注。,Thesedays,SpringFestivalGalaonCCTVoftenhitstheheadlinesofnewspapers.,IfonlyIcouldbeamillionaire!,要是我能用金钱买到健康就好了！,IfonlyIcouldtradeallmypossessionsforhealth!,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,26,三、段落构成,Tobeaneducatedpersonisnoteasy.Firstlyweshouldknowclearlythepurposeofbeingeducated.Secondly,weshouldbediligentandpersistent,tryingourbesttoovercomeallthedifficultiesthatwecomeacross.Lastly,weshouldnotonlyeducateourselves,butalsohelpothersasmuchaspossibletoacquireknowledgeandskills.Generallyspeaking,aneducatedpersonwillhavemoreresponsibilityforhiscountryandthesociety.,主题句,段落推展,结论句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,27,Topicsentence主题句又称主旨句或关键句，是一个段落中最重要的句子，是段落的“纲”。说明段落的中心思想和作者的写作目的，是段落发展的依据。段落的每句话都应紧密地联系主题句所表达的中心内容。写好主题句是文章成功的关键。主题句的构成主题句=主题+中心思想,三、段落构成主题句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,28,三、段落构成主题句,examples:pleaseidentifythetwopartsDevelopingprivatecarsinChinahasmanypositiveaspects.Keepingpetsisbeneficialtopeopleinseveralaspects.Smokingresultsinaseriesofnegativeeffects.Thefollowingfactorscontributetosuccess.ThereasonswhybicyclesaresopopularinChinalieasfollows.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,29,开门见山，点出主题TherearemanywaysthroughwhichwecanimproveourEnglish.Aboveall,weshouldreadasmanyEnglishbooks,newspapersandmagazinesaspossible.Next,wemaylistentoEnglishprogramsontheradioorwatchEnglishprogramsonTVeveryday.Besides,itisnecessaryforustoseizeeveryopportunitytospeakEnglishbothinandafterclass.Finally,itisequallyimportanttoformthehabitoftakingnotesandkeepingadiaryinEnglish.主题句应尽量清晰明了，简练，用词准确，力求用一句话清楚地表达该段的中心。,三、段落构成主题句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,30,三、段落构成主题句,主题句的写作技巧Collegestudentsshouldtakepartinsocialpracticeandgettoknowtheworld.Goodhealthisimportanttous.3.Owningaprivatecarisveryconvenient.4.Thereareseveralreasonswhyweshoulddeveloptheindustryofprivatecars.5.Itisnecessaryforustogettoknowaboutthesociety.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,31,三、段落构成主题句,Andpeople,theyoungandwomeninparticular,aretryingvariouswaystoloseweight.,Nowadays,manypeopleareverymuchworriedaboutbeingoverweight.,Tobeginwith,theyareallawareofthedangerofbeingoverweight,whichmayleadtomanydiseasessuchashyper-tension,diabetesandheartattacks.Secondly,morepeoplehavebecomeconcernedabouttheirshapeandtheywanttoappearenergeticandyoung.Whatsmore,losingweightcanhelpthemfeelmentallyhealthierandbuilduptheirself-esteem.,Therearemanyreasonswhymoreandmorepeopleareconcernedaboutlosingweight.,losingweight,Firstofall,someofthepeoplewhowanttoremovetheirfateatlessoreatnothing.Besides,theytakeweight-reducingdrugs.Butthemosteffectiveandhealthywaytoloseweightistotakeproperexercises.,1._,2._,Therearedifferentmeansthroughwhichpeoplecanachievetheirgoaloflosingweight.,3._,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,32,下面段落有什么问题？Differentpeoplespendtheirweekendsindifferentways.Someenjoygoingtothemountainstohike,skiorjustrelax.Waterskiingismuchmoredifficultthansnowskiing.Othersprefergoingtothebeachtoenjoytheseashoreactivitiesandtogetasuntan.Someofthesepeopleworkveryhardduringtheweek;othershaveratherrelaxingjobs.Stillothersliketorelaxbystayinghomeandreadingagoodbook.Workingatapart-timejobwhilestudyingatauniversityhasmanyadvantages.Ifstudentscangetajobintheirareaofstudy,theyaregainingvaluableexperienceandputtingtheirknowledgetouseimmediately.Theextramoneytheycanearnwillbeusefulformeetingtuitionfeesandenjoyinguniversityactivities.Also,theywillhavepersonalsatisfactionofhavingcontributedtotheirowneducation.Studentswhoneedextramoneycanholddownafull-timetemporaryjobduringtheirsummervacation.,三、段落构成推展句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,33,定义法分类法列举法因果关系法对照比较法综合法,三、段落构成推展句,Thereisnothinghardintheworldforpeoplewithastrongwill.Atask,nomatterhowdifficult,canbeaccomplishedifapersonmakesuphismindtodoit.TakeRomeasanexample.ItisknownthatRomewasnotbuiltinaday.Beforeshewasbuilt,herfoundershadsufferedagreatdealofseverehardship,buttheyneverlosttheirfaithandeventuallysucceededintheirefforts.Columbus,whodiscoveredAmerica,isanotherexampleofstrongdetermination.Inspiteofdefeatandaffliction,hewentforwardandsucceededbecauseofhissinglenessofpurposeandperseverance.,例证法,例证法,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,34,表示例证的方法forexample,forinstance,asanexample,foratypicalexample,suchas,soonLetsillustrate,show,provewiththefollowingexampleLetstakeasanexampleAnexample,aninstance,a(typical)caseinpointe.g.Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyhasbroughtaboutmanychangesinpeopleslife.Thiscanbebestillustratedbytheinventionoftelevision,whichhasopenedaneweraformankind.,三、段落构成推展句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,35,三、段落构成推展句,exercise:Itisoftenbelievedthatpracticemakesperfect.,Forexample,whenwelearnEnglish,wehavetolearnsuchthingsasgrammar,vocabulary,structureandsoon.Inordertoachievefluencyandaccuracyaswell,weneedpracticeinlistening,speaking,readingandwriting.OnlythroughconstantpracticecanwehaveagoodcommandofEnglish.Anothercaseinpointislearningtoplaythepiano.Itisthroughrepeatedpracticethatapersonlearnstoplaythepianoandbecomesaskillfulpianist.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,36,三、段落构成推展句,定义法分类法例证法因果关系法对照比较法综合法,Attendingschoolsabroadhasmanyadvantages.Inthefirstplace,studentscanlearnadvancedknowledgeofscienceandtechnologyfromtheadvancedcountries.Inthesecondplace,schoolsabroadcanprovidestudentswithabettercircumstancetolearnforeignlanguagesandmakethemgraspthemmorequickly.Furthermore,whilestudyingabroad,youngstudentscanlearntobecomeindependentanddevelopall-roundabilityinordertoadapttotherealityofsociety.,列举法,列举法,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,37,三、段落构成推展句,表示列举的方法firstofall/Aboveall,secondly,moreoverinthefirstplace,inthesecondplace,furthermore/whatsmoretobegin(start)with,secondly,inadditionforonething,foranotherthing,forstillanotherthinge.g.TourismbringsChinaalotofgood.Tobeginwith,itenablestheChinesetoknowabouttheoutsideworldandcontributestointernationalfriendshipandmutualunderstanding.Moreimportantly,itisfinanciallybeneficialtoChinabecausetourismgreatlyencouragesforeigninvestmentinChina.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,38,三、段落构成推展句,exercise：Collegestudentswhotakepart-timejobscanlearnanumberofthingsthatarenottaughtintheclassroom.,Firstofall,sincetheyhavebusyschedules,theyhavetolearnhowtobudgettheirtimemoreeffectively.Theygainexperiencesinorganizingtheirdayofactivitiesproperly.Secondly,sinceanyjobinvolvescontactsandcooperationwithotherpeople,theylearnhowtogetalongwellwithdifferentkindsofpeople.Mostimportantofall,part-timejobsgivestudentsachancetolearnthevalueofresponsibility.Inbrief,whattheylearnfromdoingpart-timejobsenhancestheirintegrityaswellastheirpracticalabilities.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,39,原因分析,用why或what设问Whyisduststormsoserious?Whathascausedtheduststorm?Whatarethereasonsforthephenomenon?Whatisresponsiblefortheproblem?用陈述句：Thereasonsforthephenomenon,whicharequiteobvious,canbelistedasfollows.Theanswertotheprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.Anumberoffactorscouldaccountfortheproblem.,三、段落构成推展句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,40,ThemostimpotentreasonscitedbypeopleisOneofthemostpopularreasonsisTherearemanyfactorscontributetothephenomenon.TobeginwithAnotherimpotentreasonis.AlsoplayingapartisMoreover/BesidesThethirdreason,whichcannotbeneglected,isthatInaddition,isalsoresponsibleforthephenomenon.,三、段落构成推展句,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,41,exercise,Televisionisindispensable1._.2.Televisionpresentsavividworldinfrontofus.3.Itplaysaneducationalroleinourdailylife.4.UniversityTVhasbeenrecognizedasthemosteffectivemethodofpart-timeeducation.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,42,三、段落构成结论句,结论句e.g.Nothingismorevaluablethangoodhealth.Goodhealthisthefoundationofonesfuturesuccess.Ifapersoneasilyfallsill,itishardlypossibleforhimtopursueacareersuccessfully.Ontheotherhand,ifheisstrongandfit,hecangoallouttoovercometheobstaclesthatlieaheadofhim.Infact,goodhealthisessentialfortheenjoymentoflife.在段落最后用来总结全段，深化主题的句子。首尾呼应，加强段落的整体性。要注意：结论句不能简单地重复主题句，而应使之深化和加强。可以用不同的句子来表达同一个主题和思想，做到前后照应。,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,43,三、段落构成结论句,exercise:Moneycannotbuyeverything.Forinstance,nomatterhowmuchmoneyonehas,hecannotbuygoodhealth,whichisessentialtoagoodlife.Neithercanhebuyhappinessorfriendship._.,Thus,althoughmoneyisusefulinmanyways,therearestillalotofthingsintheworldthatcannotbeboughtwithmoney,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,44,三、段落构成过渡,段落中句与句的过渡过渡语的使用是指句与句，段与段之间衔接更紧密更具连贯性。过渡语可以是词，短语，也可以是一个句子。通过使用过渡语可以使文章更紧凑，脉络更清楚。,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,45,表示递进关系的过渡语,Inaddition,furthermore,moreover,besides,also,whatsmoreNotonlybutalso,similarly,Anotherisisanotherisalsoafactor.,三、段落构成过渡,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,46,表示对比对照的过渡语,Incontrast,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,incomparison,onthecontrary,unlike,like,contraryto,whereas,while,conversely,differ/varygreatly/vastlyfromDifferentfrom,othersbelievethat,三、段落构成过渡,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,47,表示转折的过渡语,Though,although,however,nevertheless,nonetheless,eventhoughLetslookattheothersideofthecoin.Aseverythinghastwosides,weshouldnotneglecttheothersideofthecoin.Justastherearetwosidesofacoin,thenegativeaspectofcannotbeoverlooked.,三、段落构成过渡,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,48,表示因果关系的过渡语,Becauseof,onaccountof,dueto,owingto,thanksto,for,because,since,as,forthisreasonTherefore,so,asaresult,consequently,inconsequence,accordingly,hence,thusThereasonswhy/forare/lieinresultsinresultfrom,三、段落构成过渡,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,49,表示结论的过渡语,Tosumup,toconclude,tosummarizeInsum,insummary,inconclusion,inall,inaword,inshort,inbriefSo,therefore,thusWecancometotheconclusionthatAconclusioncanbereachedthat,三、段落构成过渡,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,50,exercise:MyViewonFakeCommodities,Nowadaystherearealotoffakecommoditiesonthemarket._.Theyhavecausedmanyharmsinsociety.First,fakecommoditiesdamagetheconsumersinterests._,fakecommoditiesaffectbusinessmenandmanufacturers,too.Thosewhohavebeendeceivedwillbereluctanttoconsume,whichwillmakebusinessslack._,somefakecommoditiessuchasmedicine,gascylinderandelectricdeviceswillendangerpeopleslivesandsocialsecurity._.First,thelawsoftheprotectionofconsumersshouldbeenforcedtoseverelypunishthosewhoproduceorsellfakecommodities.Second,consumersshouldbetaughthowtotellgoodcommoditiesfromfakeones.Third,theyshouldbeadvisedtoprotecttheirowninterestsandnottobeledastraybyfalseadvertisements._,thewholesocietyshouldpaycloseattentiontotheproblemoffakecommoditiesandlaunchacampaignagainstthem.Onlyinthiswaywillfakecommoditiesbepossiblyeliminatedfromthemarketinthefuture.,三、段落构成过渡,Inaddition,Worstofall,Therearemanywaystoeliminatefakecommoditiesbutthefollowingonesmaybeeffective,Inaword,Theyrangefromdailycommoditiestoexpensivegoods,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第二讲遣词造句,.,51,1.审题,11.体裁（议论文、说明文、描述文）例:Directions:Forthispart,yourareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicTryingtoBeAGoodUniversityStudent.Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:（1）做合格大学生的必要性（2）做合格大学生的必备条件（可以德智体等方面谈）（3）我打算这样做,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,52,12.根据不同体裁确定写作方法,例如上述作文的三段主题句分别为：Itisverynecessarytobeagooduniversitystudent.(议论体主题句)Thereareseveralrespectsofnecessitiestobeagooduniversitystudent.（说明体的主题句）WhatIwilldointhefutureisthefollowing.（描述题的主题句）,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,53,如果要求句是英语就可以把它扩充成主题句，题为GoodHealth的这篇作文：（1）Importanceofgoodhealth（2）Waystokeepfit（3）Myownpractice这样的作文的要求句就可以扩展成主题句。扩展后三段的主题句分别为：Itisveryimportanttohavegoodhealth.(将名词importance变成形容词important)Therearefourwaystokeepfitforme.(用therebe句型)Myownpracticesarethefollowing.（采用原词）,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,54,3.条理:对于议论文来说，正反面要清楚,对于说明文来说，1、2、3条要清楚,对于描述文要来，谁干什么要清楚。,主题句（Itisveryimportanttohavegoodhealth.,正面（Withgoodhealth,wecan.）,反面(Withoutgoodhealth,wecandonothing.Wecantdo.)主题句（Therearefourwaystokeepfit.）：Firstly,weshouldhaveourbreakfastinthemorning.Second,weshouldhaveanapatnoon.Third,sportsexercisesarenecessaryintheafternoon.Andfourth,wecouldhaveapleasantfeelingintheeveningbylisteningtothemusic.）主题句（Myownpracticesarethefollowing.）具体情况（主语为第一人称代词I，与第二段呼应）Inthemorning,Ihavemybreakfast.Atnoon,Ihaveanap.Andintheafternoon,Ialwaysplayfootball.Intheevening,Iusuallylistentotheclassicmusic.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,55,4.十二句作文法,A-BB-CC-DD-E,流水账，没有中心,1.Therearefourwaystokeepfit.-Therearefourormorewaystokeepfitforeveryoneofus.,2.Firstly,weshouldhaveourbreakfastinthemorning.-Firstly,weshouldhaveourbreakfast,suchasmilk,eggs,breadandsoon,inthemorning.Second,weshouldhaveanapatnoon.,3.Second,weshouldhaveanapatnoon.-Secondly,weshouldhaveashortnap,even30minutes,atnoon.,4.Third,sportsexercisesarenecessaryintheafternoon.-Thirdly,sportsexercisesarenecessaryforeveryoneandwecandosomesportsexercisesintheafternoon.,5.Andfourth,wecouldhaveapleasantfeelingintheeveningbylisteningtomusic.-Andfourthly,wecouldhaveapleasantfeelingintheeveningbylisteningtobothpopularandclassicmusic.,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,56,2构思在草稿纸上写下所能想到的观点和关键词，然后认真筛选。3.选择合适的框架之后动笔行文根据写作的体裁和类别,选择相应的模式.大致框架-各段内容的安排和过渡要求:积累一定数量的套句及过渡连接词,并按不同框架选择适合自己的模板,考试时将已经构思好的观点和想法填入其中,略加润色,注意:在写作过程中,不要轻易改变立场或观点,应尽可能按已经构思好的所例内容进行,如果你想到什么写什么,那么你的文章就会显得杂乱无章，缺乏连贯性。,CET-4应试辅导-作文篇第一讲基本知识,.,57,4检查修改,（1）单词拼写和句式表达是否正确。（2）字母大小写和标点符号是否正确。（3）主谓是否一致以及名词与其限定语的单复数一致性如何。（4）指代使用是否准确。（5）动词形式，涉及时态、语态、语气等（6）避免词性混用，包括形容词与副词、名词与动词、形容词与动词等。（7）句式是否有变化。（8）每一段话是否都紧扣文章的主题，