非谓语动词不定式

动词,非谓语动词-不定式,目录,助动词,系动词,及物动词,不及物动词,双宾语动词,情态动词,一般现在时主语+am/is/are+n/a/pron+.主语+V原/V-s+.,一般过去时主语+was/were+n/a/pron+.主语+V-ed+.,一般（过去）将来时主语+will/would+V原+.,现在（过去）进行时主语+be+V-ing+.,现在（过去）完成时主语+have/has/had+V-过去分词+.,被动：主语+am/is/are+V-过去分词+.,被动：主语+was/were+V-过去分词+.,被动：主语+will/would+be+V-过去分词+.,被动：主语+be+being+V-过去分词+.,被动：主语+have/has+been+V-过去分词+.,1.什么是非谓语动词？,不定式（todo),现在分词,过去分词（done),动名词,非谓语动词即不做谓语的动词，它不受主语人称和数量的限制，虽然在句子中不能充当谓语，但可以充当句子的其他成分，并且有时态和语态的变化。,1.动词不定式时态和语态表,ItwasveryimportantforustograspEnglishgrammar.,Grandpacuilikestoplaytable-tennis.,Mybossorderedmetogotohisofficeimmediately.,注意：不定式虽然不做谓语，但是它依然有自己的动词特征，如：自己的宾语、状语、和逻辑主语。,Imgladtomeetyou.,Myuncleaskedmetoseehimthissummer.,一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.,完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前.,Iamgladtohaveseenyourmatheryesterday.,进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生.,Heseemstobereadinginhisroom.,Theyseemedtobetalkingaboutyou.,2.动词不定式的时态,Iregrettedtohavetoldalie.,2.动词不定式的语态,被动语态的一般时同样表示不定式发生在谓语动词同时或之后，完成时表示不定式动词发生在谓语动词之前.,Thesestudentswanttobesenttoworkinourcompany.,Heissaidtohavebeenkilled.,在那些情况下使用不定式的被动语态？,A:当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式的承受者时，用被动语态.,B:不定式做定语，和所修饰的名词有动宾关系.,C:不定式做宾补，和宾语构成动宾关系.,Thegirlisgladtobetakentothesummerpalace.,Thequestiontobeaskedbyusisofgreatimportant.,Iamgladtobegivenagoldring.,Hewantedthelettertobetypedatonce.,在那些情况下不定式的主动语态可以代替被动语态？,A:不定式与最近的名词或代词有动宾关系，且与句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系.,Ihavealotofpaperstotype.Iwillgiveyouabooktoread.,Iwillgotothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanythingtobeposted?,B:当不定式在主系表结构中做状语，其中表语是形容词，它与句子的主语是动宾关系时.,Thistextiseasytorecite.,C.当不定式修饰Therebe/Herebe引导的主语，且与它构成动宾关系时.,Thereisarediotorepair.Hereisababytotakecareof.,D.tolet/toblame一般只用主动语态.,Thehouseistolet.youaretoblame.,3.动词不定式语法功能,（1）不定式做主语.,TogettothepalacejustwithafloweristosayIampoor.,Itisbadmannerstoberudetopeople.,可以把不定式放在句首做主语，也可用It做形式主语.但在疑问句或感叹句中不定式做主语要用It做形式主语。,TowatchtheTVplayisveryintresting.-IsitveryintrestingtowatchtheTVplay.,Togettothestationtookmetwohours.-Howlongdidittakeyoutogettothestation?,Tolosethisnacklacewasapity.-Whatapityitwastolosethisnecklace!,3.动词不定式语法功能,（2）不定式做宾语.,ask,afford,agree,begin,care,choose,decide,determine,expect,forget,hate,hope,learn,like,manage,mean,offer,prefer,pretend,promise,refuse,start,try,want,wish.,Hisfathercantaffordtobuyhimacar.Theboypretendedtohavefinishedhishomework.,3.动词不定式语法功能,Thishasmadeitnecessaryforagricultureandindustrytodevelopveryquickly.Ifeelitmydutytosaythatyouarewrong.,Youmustrememberwhentobegin.Thecomputerwilltellwhattodo.,3.动词不定式语法功能,（3）不定式做宾语补足语.,advise,allow,ask,beg,encourage,expect,force,forbid,get,hate,invite,lead,like,love,oblige,persuade,prefer,teach,trouble,want,wish,Johnaskedmetohelphimwithhislessonsthisevening,Youmaydependonhimtogeteverythingreadyforyou.,3.动词不定式语法功能,Icanletyouhaveoneticket.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.,1.Theteacheraskedus_somuchnoise.A.dontmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake,2.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper_inbroaddaylightyesterday.A.robbedB.tohavebeenrobbedC.beingrobbedD.havingbeenrobbed,3.Witha