No2 中医经典英语翻译的实践与探讨 Microsoft PowerPoi.ppt

EnglishTranslationofTraditionalChineseMedicine:TheoryandPractice,1阴阳五行,“阴阳学说”常译作theoryofyinandyangdoctrineofyinandyang。,“阴阳失调”,常译作imbalancebetweenyinandyangincoordinationbetweenyinandyang。国外亦有译作yin-yangdisharmony。中医学上的“失调”有多种含义，在不同情况下有不同的译法。如在“功能失调”中应译作dysfunction。,阴胜则阳病，阳胜则阴病。Predominanceofyinleadstothediseaseofyangandpredominanceofyangresultsinthediseaseofyin.阳胜则热，阴胜则寒。predominanceofyanggivesrisetoheatsyndromeandpredominanceofyinbringsoncoldsyndrome.,“阳虚则外寒，阴虚则内热。”“Yangasthenia(ordeficiency)leadstoexteriorcoldandyinastheniabringsoninteriorheat.”五行学说的翻译：fiveelements最为流行，,2.“虚”与“实”,astheniaandstheniadeficiencyandsufficiency,“虚”,“虚”是中医学中应用很广泛的一个概念，根据不同的情况它在英语中可能有这样一些对应语：asthenia,deficiency,insufficiency,weakness,debility,hypofunction等等。翻译时应根据具体的语境选用适当的词语来翻译，不能一概而论。,指脏腑的“虚”时可用asthenia，如”脾虚”可译为astheniaofthespleen，若译为deficiencyofthespleen，则有可能被误认为脾脏有实质性的缺损，而不能准确表达脾虚的概念。又如“脾虚水泛”一词，其原意是指脾脏运化水湿的功能障碍而引起的水肿，所以同样是“脾虚”，这个“虚”字则应译为hypofunctionofthespleen。纯指功能的虚弱，也可以用hypofunction来表示。表示“体虚”这一概念时，也可用weakness或debility来表达。,例如：Asthenia,妇科虚寒证大鼠模型的创建EstablishmentofGynecologicalAstheniaColdSyndromeModel中国中西医结合杂志2011年11月第31卷第11期P1518徐丁洁河北医科大学中西医结合学院国家自然基金资助项目,deficiency,从“阴虚血瘀热毒”论治围绝经期心血管疾病Treatingcardiovasculardiseaseinperi-menopausalperiodbytheoryofyindeficiency,bloodstasis,heat-toxin中华中医药杂志2010年6月第25卷第6期：-869周亚男张军平（天津中医药大学）基金资助：国家自然科学基金项目,亚健康失眠阴虚火旺与心脾两虚证症状构成分析AnalysisofSymptomCompositioninSub-healthInsomniaPatientsofyinDeficiencyFireHyperactivitySyndromeandXin-PiDeficiencySyndrome中国中西医结合杂志2011年4月第31卷第4期P500赵娜胡万华浙江省温州市中医院“十一五”国家科技支撑计划,思考题,10阴虚火旺11脾胃虚寒12阳虚则外寒13阴虚则内热。“Yangasthenia(ordeficiency)leadstoexteriorcoldandyinastheniabringsoninteriorheat.”,如何“补”,有“虚”证，就有补法,益气养阴strengtheningqiandnourishingyin,益气养阴方对C57小鼠Lewis肺癌ER及CyclinD1表达的影响RegulatoryeffectofstrengtheningqiandnourishingyinrecipeonexpressionsofErandCyclinD1ofLewislungcancerinC57mice中华中医药杂志2010年4月第25卷第4期：-578李春杰，孙建立上海市中医肿瘤临床医学中心,补肾tonifyingkidney,补肾中药天癸方对雄激素致不孕大鼠胰腺及卵巢雄激素受体的影响EffectoftonifyingkidneyherbsTianguiRecipeonandrogenreceptorlevelsofovaryandpancreasinandrogensterillizedrats中华中医药杂志2011年4月第26卷第4期：679王莉复旦大学附属妇产医院,健脾:InvigoratingSpleen,疏肝健脾方药对非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠肝组织脂肪酸合成酶mRNA及蛋白表达的影响EffectofSoothingLiverandInvigoratingSpleenRecipesonFasmRNAandproteinexpressioninhepatictissueofnon-alcoholicfattyliverdiseaserats中华中医药杂志2011年4月第26卷第4期：-843杨钦河暨南大学医学院中医系,补肾、健脾reinforcingkidney,strengtheningspleen,补肾、健脾、活血中药对糖皮质激素性激素性骨质疏松症大鼠骨组织OsterixmRNA及蛋白质表达的影响Comparativeinvestigationofeffectofreinforcingkidney,strengtheningspleenandpromotingbloodcirculationherbsonmRNAandproteinexpressionofOsterixinbonetissueofratswithglucocorticoid-inducedosteoporosis中华中医药杂志2011年4月第26卷第4期：801王剑辽宁中医药大学基础医学院,思考题,14益气养阴15补肾、健脾,3.“痰”与“瘀”,痰邪：Phlegm瘀血：Bloodstasis,痰邪：Phlegm,从痰论治老年痴呆研究述评Reviewontreatmentofseniledementiafromphlegm关键词：痰邪；老年痴呆；辨证论治；Keywords:Phlegm;Seniledementia;Treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation中华中医药杂志2011年4月,瘀血：Bloodstasis,强直性脊柱炎血瘀证的基础研究与展望Basicresearchandprosspectofsyndromeofbloodstasisofankylosingspondylitis中华中医药杂志2010年4月第25卷第4期：572刘慧敏中日友好医院中医风湿科,气滞血瘀证,五福心脑清软胶囊治疗阿尔茨海默病气滞血瘀证患者41例临床观察ClinicalObservationonWufuXinnaoqingSoftCapsulefor41PatientswithAlzheimersDiseaseofQiStagnationandBloodStasisSyndrome中医杂志2012年4月第53卷第7期-581,从痰瘀论治HAART致脂肪代谢障碍综合征TreatmentofLDsinducedbyHAARTwithaviewofthephlegmandbloodstasisinTCM中华中医药杂志2011年4月第26卷第4期：-708张晓伟河南中医学院,思考题,16.从痰论治失眠的临床观察17.气滞血瘀证18.从痰瘀论治痛风的临床观察提示：痛风Gout19.冠心病血瘀证的基础研究,4.略论中医脉象翻译,脉象manifestationofthepulse;pulsecondition;conditionsofpulse;pulsestate;statesofpulse;natureofpulse,浮脉,Fupulse;superficialpulse;floatingpulse,缓脉,Huanpulse;moderatepulse;slowed-downpulse;sluggishpulse;regularpulse;evenandsoftpulse,紧脉,Jinpulse;tensepulse;tightpulse,促脉,Cupulse;rushpulse;rapidandintermittentpulse;abruptandirregularpulse;abruptpulse;irregularlyabruptpulse;quickpulse;abruptpulse;runningpulse。,脉阴阳俱浮,BothYin-pulseandYang-pulsearefloating;floatingpulseatbothYinandYanglocations,脉阴阳俱紧,BothYin-pulseandYang-pulsearetense;tightpulseatbothYinandYanglocations,沉脉Chenpulse;deeppulse;sunkenpulse迟脉Chipulse;retardedpulse;slowpulse,滑脉Huapulse;slipperypulse;smoothpulse;rollingpulse,数脉Shupulse;fastpulse;rapidpulse;frequentpulse;,涩脉Sepulse;unsmoothpulse;astringentpulse;choppypulse;sluggishpulse;unevenpulse;roughpulse;hesitantpulse,弦脉,Xianpulse;wirypulse;tautpulse;stringypulse,结脉,Jiepulseslowpulsewithirregularintervals;irregular-intermittentpulse;slowandirregularpulse;knottedpulse;slowandintermittentpulse;irregularintermittentpulse;,代脉,Daipulse;regularintermittentpulse;slowregularintermittentpulse;intermittentpulse;irregularpulse;slow-intermittent-regularpulse;slow-regular-interruptedpulse;slowandweakpulsewithregularintervals,结代脉,interruptedpulsesincludingabruptpulse,knottedpulseandregularlyinterruptedpulsewithirregularrhythm(slowandintermittentpulse)weakpulse,脉微weakpulse脉细athreadypulse微弱的脉搏躁急脉restlessandrapidpulse大脉largepulse,脉与位置,趺阳脉Fuyangpulse;pulseofanteriortibialartery寸关尺Cun,GuanandChi（尺脉Chipulse；关脉Guanpulse；寸脉Cunpulse）,思考题,20.浮脉floatingpulse21.紧脉tensepulse;,5.治法TheBasicTherapeuticMethods,ThereareeightbasictherapeuticmethodsintraditionalChinesemedicine,namelyHan(diaphoresis),Tu(emesis),Xia(purgation),He(mediation),Wen(warming),Qing(heat-clearing),Xiao(resolution)andBu(invigorating,tonifyingorreinforcing).Thesemethodsarecommonlyusedinclinicaltreatment.,汗法Diaphoresis,Diaphoresis,alsoknownasexterior-relievingmethod汗法，也叫解表法,Diaphoresis,alsoknownasexterior-relievingmethod,isatherapeuticmethodusedtoopenthemuscularintersticesandrelieveexteriorsyndromewiththeherbsforrelievingtheexteriorandinducingsweating.汗法，也叫解表法，是运用解表发汗的方药，开泄肌腠，解除表证的一种治疗方法。,吐法Emetictherapy(emesis),Emetictherapyisusuallyusedtotreatstheniasyndromewithurgencytovomitoutthingsretainedinside.吐法常用以治疗病情急迫而必须迅速吐出积滞的实证。,下法Purgation,Purgationisatherapeuticmethodusedtodischargefeces,eliminateretentionofsubstanceandfluidinsidethebodyandrelieveaccumulationofsthenia-heatwiththeprescriptionsandherbseffectiveforcatharsis.下法是运用具有泻下作用的方药，通过泻下大便，攻逐体内结滞和积水，并解除实热蕴结的一种治疗方法。,和法Mediation(harmonize),Mediationisatherapeuticmethodusedforeliminatingpathogenicfactorsandsupportinghealthyqi.和法是祛除病邪扶助正气的一种治疗方法。,Clinicallymediationisdividedintofourtypes:mediatingshaoyang,relaxingtheliverandharmonizingthestomach,regulatingtheliverandspleen,andregulatingtheintestinesandstomach.临床上和法分为四种：和解少阳；舒肝和胃；调和肝脾；调和肠胃。,温法Warmingtherapy,Warmingtherapy,alsoknownascold-eliminatingtherapy,isatherapeuticmethodusedtoeliminatepathogeniccoldandinvigorateyangqiwiththeprescriptionsandherbswarmandhotinnature.温法，也叫祛寒法，是运用性质温热的方药，以祛除寒邪和补益阳气的一种治疗方法。,清法Heat-clearingtherapy,Heat-clearingtherapyisatherapeuticmethodusedtoclearawayheatbymeanso