21世纪大学实用英语综合教程(第二册)Unit 3

RWlist,Readingearningmoneybyplayingagame,acting,etc.职业的；属于某专业的；职业性的,Article1_popwin_professional,LanguagePoints,excerpt/:n.passage,extract,fromabook,film,play,etc.(书、电影、剧本等的)摘录，选录，节录),Article1_popwin_excerot,LanguagePoints,title/:ofabook,poem,picture,etc.;wordtoshowapersonsrank,occupation,etc.（书、诗、画等的）标题，题目；称号；职称；头衔,Article1_popwin_title,LanguagePoints,approach/:1.vt.movetowards;comeorgonear(er)to;(beginto)dealwith靠近；接近；（着手）处理；（开始）对付，对待2.n.actofapproaching;wayleadingtosth.;path;road;wayofdealingwithapersonorthing接近；途径；入门;（处理问题的）方式，方法,Article1_popwin_approach,LanguagePoints,Article1_popwin_challenge,challenge/:n.invitationorcall(tosb.)totakepartinagame,contest,fight,etc.toprovewhoisbetter,stronger,moreable,etc.;difficult,demandingorstimulatingtask挑战；邀请比赛；艰巨的任务,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Sherefusedtotakeupthechallengethatwasoffered.Bringingupachildisatoughchallengemostpeoplewillface.,她拒绝接受别人提出的挑战。,抚养孩子是大多数人都会面临的一项艰巨任务。,ultimate/:a.last,final;basicandmostimportant最后的，最终的；基本的，根本的,Article1_popwin_ultimate,LanguagePoints,university/:n.institutionthatteachesandexaminesstudentsinmanybranchesofadvancedlearning,awardingdegreesandprovidingfacilitiesforacademicresearch（综合性）大学UniversityofNorthCarolina:北卡罗来那纳大学,Article1_popwin_university,LanguagePoints,academy/:n.schoolforspecialtraining;societyofdistinguishedscholarsorartists专门院校；学会,Article1_popwin_academy,LanguagePoints,agenda/:gramofthingstobedone;alistofthingstobedealtwithatameeting;plan日常工作事项；议事日程；计划,Article1_popwin_agenda,LanguagePoints,stepbystep:proceedingsteadilyfromonestagetothenext;gradually一步一步地；逐步地,Article1_popwin_stepbystep,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Heisimprovingstepbystep.Stepbystephelearnedtherulesofthegame.,他正在一步一步地提高。,他逐渐学会了比赛规则。,level/:n.relativepositioninrank,classorauthority水平，级别,Article1_popwin_level,LanguagePoints,e.g.,catchupwithadvancedworldlevelsStudentsatthisleveltendtohavealotofproblemswithgrammar.,赶上世界先进水平,这一级别的学生往往会有许多语法问题。,4)Whatdidhelearnwhenhegotcutfromthevarsityteaminhighschool?,Hedidntwanttofailagain.Hetriedtosetashort-termgoal.,Article2_popwin_Q,5)Howdidheachievehisgoalofbecomingastarteronthevarsity?,Hefocusedonthisgoalallsummerandworkedveryhard.,ChineseVersion,我总是确定短期目标。现在回想起来，我发现每一步或每一次成功都会引向下一步或下一次成功。当我高二从校队里被刷下来时，我懂得了一些东西。我知道我永远也不想再有那种糟糕的感觉,永远不想再品尝那种滋味，也不想再那么伤心。因此，我确定了一个目标，要成为校队的首发队员。整个夏天我都把精力集中在上面。练球时我想的也是这件事。当这一目标实现时，我又确定了另一个目标，一个合理的、可以设法达到的目标，一个只要付出足够努力就能切实实现的目标。,Article2_popwin_T,Article2_popwin_short-term,short-term/:a.oforforashortperiod短期的,LanguagePoints,Article2_popwin_varsity,varsity/:n.teamrepresentingauniversity,collegeorschool,esp.insportscompetitions（尤指体育运动的）大学（或学院）代表队，校队,LanguagePoints,Article2_popwin_sophomore,sophomore/:n.studentinthesecondyearofhighschooloruniversity（中学或大学的）二年级学生相关词汇：freshman新生，一年级学生junior三年级学生senior四年级学生,LanguagePoints,Article2_popwin_taste,taste/:1.n.sensationcausedinthetonguebythingsplacedonit;sensebywhichflavorisknown味道，滋味；味觉,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Tasteisoneofthefivesenses.,味觉是五种官能之一。,e.g.,IcanhardlytastewhatImeatingbecauseofmycold.Comeandtastethecoffeewevejustmade.,我因为感冒，很难尝出吃的东西是什么味道。,来尝尝我们刚煮好的咖啡。,2.v.beabletoperceive(flavors);testtheflavorof(sth.);haveacertainflavor能辨别（味道）；尝，品尝；有某种味道,Article2_popwin_hole,hole/:n.emptyorhollowspaceinasolidmassorsurface;cavity洞；孔；坑,LanguagePoints,Article2_popwin_stomach,stomach/:n.bag-likeorganofthebodyintowhichfoodpasseswhenswallowedandinwhichthefirstpartofdigestionoccurs胃,LanguagePoints,Article2_popwin_starter,starter/:n.aplayerthatstartsinagame（比赛的）参赛人，首发上场的队员,LanguagePoints,Article2_popwin_manageable,manageable/:a.thatcanbemanaged;easilycontrolled可设法做到的；易处理的；易控制的,LanguagePoints,Article2_popwin_realistically,realistically/:ad.现实地；注重实际地；实际可行地realistic/:a.basedonfactsratherthansentimentorillusion;practical现实的；注重实际的；实际可行的,LanguagePoints,Article2_popwin_lookback,lookback:thinkaboutorrememberthingsthathappenedinthepast回顾;回想,LanguagePoints,e.g.,WhenIlookbackIrealizehowhappymychildhoodwas.Ienjoylookingbackonmyschooldays.,现在回想起来,我才意识到自己的童年是多么幸福。,我喜欢回忆我的学生时代。,Article2_popwin_Iknew,IknewIneverwantedtofeelthatbadagain.Ineverwantedtohavethattasteinmymouth,thatholeinmystomach.我知道我永远也不想再有那种糟糕的感觉,永远不想再品尝那种滋味，也不想再那么伤心。两个Ineverwanted句式和三个that在英语中被称为排比句式,起到强调的作用。,LanguagePoints,Article2_popwin_Thats,ThatswhatIfocusedonallsummer:Theword“what”isusedasapronounmeaningthething(s)that(的事情).,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Whatyousaymaywellbetrue.,你说的很可能是事实。,Article2_popwin_workon,workon:beengagedin从事于，致力于,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Sheworkshardonkeepingherselffit.Iworkedallnightonthatarticle.,她努力保持身体健康。,我整夜都在写那篇文章。,Article2_popwin_reasonable,reasonable/:a.(ofpeople)readytouseorlistentoreason;sensible;(ofemotions,opinions,etc.)inaccordancewithreason（人）讲道理的；通情达理的；（感情、见解等）合理的,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Heisaperfectlyreasonableperson.Hegaveareasonableexcuseforhisbeinglate.,他是个十分通情达理的人。,对他的迟到他提出了一个正当的理由。,Article3_popwin_Q,6)Whatdidhevisualizeeachtime?,Eachtimehevisualizedwherehewantedtobe,andwhatkindofplayerhewantedtobecome.,7)Whatdidhegaineverytimehereachedhisgoal?,Hegainedalittleconfidenceeverytimehereachedhisgoal.,Article3_popwin_T,ChineseVersion,每一次我都想象我要达到什么地步，我想成为哪种球员。我猜想我在接近目标过的程中心里总是想着它。我确切地知道我要去什么地方，并且专心致志地要到达那儿。当我达到这些目标时，它们都会相互促进。每次成功我都获得一点信心。就这样，我树立起能在北卡大学进行竞争的信心。这些信心都在我的脑子里，我从不把任何东西写下来，我只是全神贯注于下一步。,Article3_popwin_visualize,visualize/:vt.imagine;formamentalpictureof想象；设想visual/:a.of,concernedwithorusedinseeing;thatisorcanbeseen;visible视觉的；看得见的；可被看见的,LanguagePoints,Article3_popwin_eachtime,eachtime:everytime每次,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Ourbasketballteamwinseachtime.EachtimeItakefinalexaminationsIgetahighfever.,我们的篮球队每战皆捷。,每次期末考试我都发高烧。,Article3_popwin_withinmind,withinmind:thinkingabout,considering想到，考虑到,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Shealwaysworkswiththeinterestsofhercompanyinmind.,她工作时总是想着公司的利益。,Article3_popwin_exactly,exactly/:ad.inprecisedetail精确地；确切的exact/:a.correctineverydetail;precise精确的；准确的；确切的,LanguagePoints,Article3_popwin_buildon,buildon:useasafoundation;relyon以为基础；依赖,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Thecompanyssuccessisbuiltonitsverypopularwashingmachines.Theinsurancebusinessisbuiltontrust.,这家公司的成功在于其生产的洗衣机非常受欢迎。,保险业务是以诚信为基础的。,Article3_popwin_comethrough,comethrough:completeorenduresth.successfully胜利，成功；安然度过,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Mostofthetroopscamethroughthefightingunharmed.Wedontknowwhetherhellcomethroughtheoperation.,经过这场战斗，部队大部分士兵都安然无恙。,我们不知道他能否安然通过这次手术。,Article3_popwin_buildup,buildup:strengthen,increase增强；增加,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Afterfouroclockthetrafficbeginstobuildup.Shebuiltthebusinessupfromnothing.,4点钟以后交通开始拥挤起来。,她白手起家，生意日渐兴隆。,Article3_popwin_mental,mental/:a.of,inortothemind精神的；思想上的；内心的；存在于脑中的,LanguagePoints,e.g.,mentalpowerHemadeamentalnotetoremembertogetthelockfixed.,脑力,他心中记住要请人修锁。,Article3_popwin_concentrateon,concentrateon:focusonesattention,effort,etc.exclusivelyandintenselyon全神贯注于，专心致志于,LanguagePoints,e.g.,IcantconcentrateonanythingwhenImhungry.Heconcentratedonfindingsomewheretolive.,我饿着肚子就没法集中精力做任何事情。,他集中精力找住处。,Article4_popwin_Q,8)Whatdoesthewriterthinkofsuccess?,Ifyoutryashardasyoucananddontsucceed,dontgetdownonyourself.Actuallyyouwillhavesomeaccomplishmentsalongtheway.Besides,noteveryoneisgoingtobethegreatestatsomething.Butyoustillcanbeconsideredasuccess.,Article4_popwin_T,ChineseVersion,我想，不管我可能会选择做什么事情，我都会采用这种方式去做的。这和把当医生作为最终目标的人没什么两样。如果当医生是你的目标，而你的生物课成绩都是C，那么你首先要做的就是生物考试要得B，然后得A。你必须完成这第一步，然后再去攻化学或物理。要一小步一小步地走，否则你就会遇到各种各样的挫折。如果衡量成功的唯一尺度是成为医生，那么你的信心将来自何处？如果你尽了自己最大的努力却没有成为医生，难道这就意味着你的整个人生都失败了吗？当然不是。所有这些步骤就像拼图游戏中一块块拼板，它们要全部拼在一起才能组成一幅图。如果图拼成了，那么你就达到了自己的目标。如果没有拼成，千万不要责备自己。如果你已竭尽全力，那么在这一过程中你也会获得一些成就。并不是每个人都能拼出完整的图。并不是每个人都将成为最伟大的推销员或最伟大的篮球运动员。但是你仍然能被认为是最好者之一，你仍然能被认为是成功者。,Article4_popwin_applyto,applyto:beappropriateorrelevantto适用于，与有关,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Thisquestiononlyappliedtomarriedmen.WhatIhavesaidappliesonlytosomeofyou.,这个问题只与已婚男子有关。,我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分人。,Article4_popwin_biology,biology/:n.scientificstudyofthelifeandstructureofplantsandanimals生物学,LanguagePoints,Article4_popwin_chemistry,chemistry/:n.scientificstudyofthestructureofsubstances,howtheyreactwhencombinedorincontactwithoneanother,andhowtheybehaveunderdifferentconditions化学,LanguagePoints,Article4_popwin_moveonto,moveonto:changeto（sth.new）转换到（新的事物）,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Canwemoveontothenextitemonouragenda?IhavetomoveontothenextquestionasIdonthaveenoughtime.,我们可以转到下一项议程吗？,由于没有足够的时间，我必须转到下一个问题了。,Article4_popwin_physics,physics/:n.scientificstudyofthepropertiesofmatterandenergyandtherelationshipbetweenthem物理学,LanguagePoints,Article4_popwin_otherwise,otherwise/:conj.ifconditionsweredifferent;ifnot不然；否则,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Letsgonowotherwisewellbelate.Itsperfectlyharmless,otherwiseIwouldnthavedoneit.,我们现在就走吧，否则就要迟到了。,这没有一点坏处，否则我也不会去干的。,Article4_popwin_failure,failure/:n.actorstateofbeingunsuccessful;person,attemptorthingthatfails失败；失败的人（或事）,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Hisplansendedinfailure.Asawriterhewasafailure.Shehadmanyfailuresbeforefindingtherightmethod.,他的计划以失败告终。,作为一个作家他是失败的。,经历了多次失败，她才找到正确的方法。,Article4_popwin_puzzle,puzzle/:1.n.questionthatisdifficulttounderstandoranswer;mystery;problemortoythatisdesignedtotestapersonsknowledge,ingenuity,skill,etc.难题；令人费解的事；谜；测试智力、技巧等的问题（或玩具），智力玩具,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Theirreasonfordoingitisstillapuzzletome.Iwasinapuzzleastowhattodonext.IdotheTimescrosswordpuzzleeveryday.,他们为什么干那件事我仍觉得迷惑不解。,我很茫然，不知道下一步该做什么。,我每天都做泰晤士报上的字谜游戏。,e.g.,Ihavebeenpuzzlingmyheadoverthisproblemforweeks.Hisrecentbehaviorpuzzlesme.,这个问题我已经苦思冥想了好几个星期了。,他最近的行为使我迷惑不解。,2.vt.make(sb.)thinkhard;perplex使（某人）苦思；使迷惑,Article4_popwin_getdownon,getdownon:scold,criticize,findfaultwith申斥，职责；批评；找的茬儿,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Thestudentsgotdownonthemselvesattheclassmeeting.Dontgetdownonyourself.Justhaveanothertry.,学生们在班会上作了自我批评。,不要责备自己。再试一次。,Article4_popwin_doonesbest,doonesbest:doallthatonecan竭尽全力；全力以赴,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Itwasntherfault;shewasdoingherbesttohelpus.Weshalldoourbesttobuildupourcountry.,那不是她的过错，她一直在尽力帮助我们。,我们要全力以赴建设我们的国家。,Article4_popwin_salesman,salesman/:n.maleshopassistant;malesalesrepresentative（男）售货员，（男）店员；（男）推销员,LanguagePoints,Article5_popwin_Q,9)Whyhashealwayssetshort-termgoals?,Becausehethinksthatshort-termgoalsbuildononeanother.Eachsuccessleadstothenextone.,Article5_popwin_T,ChineseVersion,这就是我总是确定短期目标的原因。不管是高尔夫球、篮球、经商、家庭生活，或者甚至是棒球，我都确定目标切实可行的目标并且倾尽全力去做。我提问题，阅读，倾听。在芝加哥白袜队打棒球时我也是这么做的。如果我不懂的话，我不怕问任何人任何问题。我为什么要怕呢？我努力想有所成就。请帮助我，给我以指导。这没什么不对的。一步一步地走，这是唯一的成功之路。,Article5_popwin_realistic,realistic/:a.basedonfactsratherthansentimentorillusion;practical现实的；注重实际的；实际可行的,LanguagePoints,e.g.,arealisticattitudeOurincomehasgotsmaller,sowemustberealisticandgiveupourcar.,实事求是的态度,我们的收入减少了，所以我们必须面对现实，不再用车。,Article5_popwin_accomplishment,accomplishment/:n.successfulcompletion;thingaccomplished完成；实现；成就；成绩accomplish/:vt.succeedindoing;bringtopass;reachtheendof;complete完成；实现；达到,LanguagePoints,Article5_popwin_golf,golf/:n.高尔夫球运动,LanguagePoints,Article5_popwin_step,LanguagePoints,Stepbystep,Icantseeanyotherwayofaccomplishinganything:Thesentencecanbeparaphrasedinthisway:Thebestwayofaccomplishingsomethingisstepbystep.Or:Icantseeanyotherwayofaccomplishinganythingotherthanstepbystep.此句可解释为：一步一步地走，这是最好/唯一的成功之路。,Article5_popwin_baseball,baseball/:n.棒球运动,LanguagePoints,Article5_popwin_Nothing,Nothingwrongwiththat:Thisisanellipticalsentence.Thecompletesentenceis“Nothingiswrongwiththat.”这是一句省略句，主语Nothing后省去了is。,LanguagePoints,TextAExercises,ReadingAloud,UnderstandingtheText,ReadingAnalysis,Vocabulary,Structure,Translation,TA-main,Readthefollowingparagraphsuntilyouhavelearnedthembyheart.,Ifyouvedoneyourbest,thenyouwillhavehadsomeaccomplishmentsalongtheway.Noteveryoneisgoingtogettheentirepicture.Noteveryoneisgoingtobethegreatestsalesmanorthegreatestbasketballplayer.Butyoucanstillbeconsideredoneofthebest,andyoucanstillbeconsideredasuccess.ThatswhyIvealwayssetshort-termgoals.Whetheritsgolf,basketball,business,familylife,orevenbaseball,IsetgoalsrealisticgoalsandIfocusonthem.Iaskquestions,Iread,Ilisten.IdidthesamethinginbaseballwiththeChicagoWhiteSox.ImnotafraidtoaskanybodyanythingifIdontknow.WhyshouldIbeafraid?Imtryingtogetsomewhere.Helpme,givemedirection.Nothingwrongwiththat.,Readthefollowing,ReadingAloud,Answerthefollowingquestions.,Understandling-Answer,WhatsMichaelJordansultimategoal?Howdidheapproachhisgoals?WhatdidhethinkofeveryonessuggestionthatheshouldntgototheUniversityofNorthCarolinaafterhighschool?Whatdidhelearnwhenhegotcutfromthevarsityteaminhighschool?Howdidheachievehisgoalofbecomingastarteronthevarsity?Whatdidhevisualizeeachtime?Whatdidhegaineverytimehereachedhisgoal?Whatdoesthewriterthinkofsuccess?Whydoeshealwayssetshort-timegoals?Whatsthebestwayofaccomplishingsomething?,..9.10.,UnderstandingtheText,TopicsforDiscussion.,ThetextisanexcerptofMichaelJordansbookIcantAcceptNotTrying.Discusshowthetitleofhisbookappliestohisexperience.Inthetextthewritersaysthateachtimehesetagoal,hevisualizedwherehewantedtobe,whatkindofplayerhewantedtobecome.Doyouthinkitwasofsomehelptohissuccess?Why?Thewritersaysthatifyouvedoneyourbest,thenyouwillhavehadsomeaccomplishmentsalongtheway.Doyouagreewiththewriter?Useexamplestoillustrateyouropinion.,Understandling-Topics-1,Readtext-1,Myownagenda,PartTopicParagraphsMainIdea,ReadTextAagainandcompletethefollowingtable.,1-2,Althougheveryonehadadifferentagendaforme,I.,3-4,Isetshort-timegoalsandfocusedonthem.Whenagoalwasachieved,I.,setanother,HowIsetandtriedtoachievethem,short-termgoals,_,_,hadmyown,_,realisticgoal,ReadingAnalysis,Readtext-3,Myforsettingandachievingshort-termgoals,PartTopicParagraphsMainIdea,8-14,Takesmallstepsandtryyourbest,andyouwillhavetheway.,5-7,IwhereIwantedtobeandgainedconfidenceeverytime.,visualized,_,Ireachedmygoal,_,reasons,_,some,accomplishmentsalong,Nowretellthemainideaofthepassagebyusingtheinformationinthetableyouhavecompleted.,Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformswherenecessary.,Vocabulary-Fillin1-1,Challengefailurelevelmentalotherwisepuzzlerealisticreasonablesalesmantaste,Makingalivingasadoor-to-doordemandsathickskin,bothtoprotectagainsttheweatherandagainsthavingthedoorshutinyourface.2.IhaveaveryclearpictureofwhathappenedtomewhenItookmyfirstexaminationinprimaryschool.3.Afterhavingaoflifeinabigcity,Maryreturnedtoherquietlifeinthecountry.4.Shenevertriesanythingnewbecauseshesafraidof.5.Heofferedatoanybodytocomeandbeathimatchess.,failure,_,salesman,_,mental,_,taste,_,challenge,_,Vocabulary,Vocabulary-Fillin1-2,Thekidwassosmartthathefinisheda500-piecewithinhalfanhour.Ithoughtherrequestformoreinformationwas,butitwasrejected.Donteatsomuchchocolate,youllbesick.Itsnottoexpectmyparentstolendusanymoremoney.Thegoalistoraisetheculturalandtechnicalofworkerstothatoftechnicians.,6.,7.,8.,9.,10.,otherwise,_,puzzle,_,realistic,_,reasonable,_,level,_,Challengefailurelevelmentalotherwisepuzzlerealisticreasonablesalesmantaste,Fillintheblankswiththeexpressionsgivenbelow.Changetheformswherenecessary.,Vocabulary-Fillin2-1,applytobuildupcomethroughconcentrateonhaveinmindleadtomoveontostepbystep,Aforeignlanguagecannotbelearnedquickly;itmustbelearned.TomorrowisHelensbirthday.Doyouanythingforherpresent?Thenewruleswillhelpthelocalworkerssomehow,butdotheypart-timeworkers,too?Shewillcompleteherbooksoonandsomenewandexcitingwork.,1.,2.,3.,4.,moveonto,_,stepbystep,_,applyto,_,Vocabulary-Fillin2-2,Thisdoctorhasagoodreputationovertheyears.Ifweenvironmentalprotection,wecansavetheearthformankind.Thebankhasofferedareward(奖赏)foranyinformationthearrestofthethieves.,6.,7.,8.,leadingto,_,concentrateon,_,builtup,_,applytobuildupcomethroughconcentrateonhaveinmindleadtomoveontostepbystep,CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinbracketsintoEnglish,usingthestructure“thatswhy/what/how/when/where”.,Structure-complete1-1,MichaelJordanalwayssetshort-termgoalsandfocusedonthem.,Thatshowhebecameaworldfamousbasketballstar,ItoldMr.Smithyouwereshy(害羞)andupset,and(这就是你不能唱歌的原因),2.,forpeopleoutsidetheirfamilytotellthemapartfromeachother,_.(他就是这样成为一个世界著名的篮球明星的),HewenttoNewYorkCityin2001,and.(那就是麻烦真正开始的时候),3.,thatswhenthetroublereallybegan,Structure,Structure-complete1-1,“Lookattheoldbuildingoverthere,”hesaid.“.”(那就是我童年学习的地方),4.,ThatswhereIstudiedinmychildhood,Hehastogobacktohisroom,dohisassignmentsandhandtheminassoonaspossible.(这就是他现在应该做的事情),5.,Thatswhatheshoulddonow,Rewritethefollowingsentencesaccordingtothemodel.,Structure-complete2-1,Model:,Youwontbecomeadoctorunlessyoutryashardasyoucan.Ifyoutriedashardasyoucould,youwouldbecomeadoctor.,Youwontcomefirstinthe100-meterdashunlessyourunasfastasyoucan.Shewontcatchupwithherclassmatesunlesssheworksashardasshecan.Youwontovercomethedifficultiesunlessyoutryashardasyoucan.,2.,1.,Ifyouranasfastasyoucould,youwouldcomefirstinthe100-meterdash.,_,Ifsheworkedashardasshecould,shewouldcatchupwithherclassmates.,_,3.,Ifyoutriedashardasyoucould,youwouldovercomethedifficulties.,_,TL1,TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.,1.为了集中精力练跳远，他已经放弃了跑步。,Hehasgivenuprunninginordertof