云南省2019年中考英语总复习 第2部分 语法专题复习 语法十 非谓语动词课件.ppt

云南语法十非谓语动词,考点一动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“to动词原形”，否定形式是在不定式前加not。动词不定式具有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，但没有人称与数的变化，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式及其宾语和状语构成不定式短语。,1作主语动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换且常用it作形式主语，把动词不定式后置，常构成“Itbeadj.(forsb.)动词不定式”。Itsimportant(forus)toprotecttheenvironment.(对我们来说)保护环境很重要。,2作表语MyjobistoteachEnglish.我的工作是教英语。3作宾语或宾语补足语(1)接动词不定式作宾语的动词或短语有want,begin/start,love,forget,remember,teach,decide,agree,seem,wouldlike,plan等。,(2)接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有ask,tell,invite,allow,want,wish,encourage等。(3)在使役动词make,let,have和感官系动词feel,look,smell等的后面作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略。help后的不定式可带to也可不带to。,4作定语Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.我有许多家庭作业要做。动词不定式与所修饰的名词之间是动宾关系，如果动词不定式是不及物动词，其后要有相关的介词。Thecatiseasytotakecareof.这只猫很容易照顾。,5作状语Mrs.WangwenttoShanghaitoseeherdaughter.王太太去上海看她女儿。(目的)Weregladtomeetyouhere.我们很高兴在这儿见到你。(原因)Heistootiredtoworkon.他太累了不能继续工作了。(结果),6“疑问词动词不定式”结构疑问词who,what,when,where,how,which等后接动词不定式，在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。Theteacheristellingthestudentswhattodo.老师正告诉学生们做什么。Hedidntknowwheretogo(whereheshouldgo)他不知道该去哪里。,7含动词不定式的特殊句型与短语too.to.太而不能Whydontyoudosth.？为什么不做某事？hadbetterdosth.最好做某事prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事makesb.dosth.让某人做某事bemadetodosth.被迫做某事,1(2018湖北咸宁中考改编)Remembersomefruitwhenyoucomeback.AbuyingBtobuyCbuyDbought,2(2018湖南长沙中考改编)Theweatherreportsaysitsgoingtohaveashowerthisafternoon.Itdoes?Wedbetternow,justincase.AtoleaveBleavingCleaveDleft,3(2018甘肃张掖中考)Mytwocousinsdecideabusinesstogether.AtostartBstartingCstartDstarted,4(2018黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考改编)WesetupthisgroupdisabledpeoplelikeBenSmith.AhelpBtohelpChelpingDhelps,5(2018黑龙江绥化中考改编)PeoplearesupposedhandswhentheymeetforthefirsttimeinAmerica.AshakingBtoshakeCshakeDshook,6(2018贵州中考)Parentsshouldalwaystelltheirkidswithstrangers.AnottotalkBnottalkingCtonottalkDnottalk,7(2018四川成都中考改编)Igotupearlythismorningmygrandmaattheairport.AtopickupBpickingupCpickedupDpickup,8(2018四川达州中考)Idlovetogohikingwithyou,butIhavemuchhomeworkIfyoudontgo,Atodo;sodoIBtodo;norwillICdoing;sowillIDdo;neitheramI,9(2018四川乐山中考改编)Julia,yourmobilephoneisringing.Waitaminute.Itsdangerousitwhilecrossingthestreet.AansweringBanswerCtoanswerDtoanswering,10(2018广东中考)Afterlongyearsofwar,manypeopleinSyriaarehomeless.Ithinkitimportantapeacefulworld.AbuildBnotbuildCtobuildDnottobuild,11(2018贵州安顺中考)YoushoulddowhatyoucanyourEnglish,LiMing.OK,Iwill.Thankyou,Ms.Hu.AimproveBtoimproveCimprovingDimproved,考点二动名词动名词由“动词原形ing”构成，与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质(可有宾语和状语)，也有名词的性质，可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。,1动名词常用结构(1)只能跟动名词的动词或短语有avoid,consider,enjoy,feellike,finish,mind,practice,suggest,bebusydoing,begoodatdoing,beinterestedindoing,canthelpdoing,giveupdoing,makealiving(by)doing,putoffdoing等。,(2)haven.(in)doinghavefun(in)doing,havetrouble(in)doing,haveahardtime(in)doing,haveproblems/difficulty(in)doing等。(3)todoing结构，to是介词be/getusedtodoing,lookforwardtodoing,payattentiontodoing,preferdoingtodoing等。,2有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词，但表达的意义不同。,1(2018甘肃兰州中考)Bobsfathercantstandsoapoperas.HeenjoyssportsgamesonTV.AwatchBtowatchCwatchingDwatched,2(2017湖北黄冈中考)NowadayslotsofproductsfromChinaareverypopularintheworld.Yeah!ManypeoplecanhardlyavoidproductsmadeinChina.AtobuyBbuyingCboughtDbuy,3(2017黑龙江龙东中考改编)Wouldyoumindhere?Ofcrousenot.Illmycigaretteatonce.Anotsmoking;putawayBnotsmoking;putoutCnottosmoke;putoffDnottosmoke;puton,4(2019原创)Tobehonest,IregrettedoutofschoolwhenIwasjustfifteenyearsold.AtodropBdroppingCdropDdropped,考点三分词1现在分词由“动词原形ing”构成，表示主动、进行意义，还具有形容词的作用，可在句中作表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。Thecryinggirlcantfindhermother.那个正在哭的女孩找不到她妈妈了。(定语)Thestoryisinteresting.这个故事很有趣。(表语),Isawhimstudyingintheclassroom.我看到他正在教室里学习。(宾语补足语)Studyinghard,youwillpasstheexam.只要你努力学习，就会通过考试。(状语),2过去分词表示被动、完成意义，在句中作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等。Sheisverytired.她很疲劳。(表语)Theboyworeapairoffadedjeans.那个男孩穿了一条褪色的牛仔裤。(定语)Shefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.她发现这个村庄变化很大。(宾语补足语),3现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别。(1)现在分词作定语与它所修饰的名词存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动或者进行。asleepingchild一个正在睡觉的孩子adevelopingcountry一个发展中国家boilingwater正在沸腾的水asurprisinglook一个令人吃惊的表情,(2)过去分词作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系，表示该动作的被动或者完成。thenovelwrittenbyLuXun鲁迅写的那篇小说asingersurroundedbyagroupoffans被粉丝包围的歌手fallenleaves落叶asnowcoveredcity被雪覆盖的城市,1(2019原创)OdetotheWestWindisagr