Lecture 1-基本句型.ppt

Lecture1-基本句型,-byYvonneOctober19,2011,1.SV(主语+谓语)Themoonrose.Whocares?2.SVP(主语+系语+表语)Iamastudent.Thedishsmellsgood.3.SVO(主语+谓语+宾语)Sheknowstheanswer.Ilikereading.,4.SVoO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语)Hegavemeagift.5.SVOC(主语+谓语+宾语+宾补)Weelectedhimourmonitor.Theypaintedthedoorwhite.,系动词,亦称连系动词（LinkVerb）。作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语，亦称补语（形容词），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。,状态系动词,可用来表示主语性质或状态，只有be一词，例如：Heisateacher.（表示主语的身份性质）Heisill.（表示主语的状态）,持续系动词,用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,例如：Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。Thismatterrestsamystery.此事仍是一个谜。,表像系动词,用来表示看起来像这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look,例如：Helookstired.他看起来很累。Heseems(tobe)verysad.他看起来很伤心。,感官系动词,感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,例如：Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.这种布手感很软。Thisflowersmellsverysweet.这朵花闻起来很香。,变化系动词,这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后，他疯了。Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.她没多长时间就富了。,终止系动词,表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,turnout,表达证实，变成之意，例如：Therumorprovedfalse.这谣言证实有假。Thesearchproveddifficult.搜查证实很难。Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的计划终于成功了,关于连系动词后接不定式,1、连系动词be后根据情况可自由地接不定式作表语：1).Mydreamistobeascientist.我的梦想是当一名科学家。2).Allyouhavetodoistolisten.你只需要听。,2、seem,appear,prove,turnout,grow等连系动词后也可接不定式(尤其是tobe)短语作表语：1).Themanseemedtobeill.2).Theplanprovedtobeuseful.3).Heappearstoknowthis.4).Theweatherturnedouttobefine.,若所接不定式为tobe，通常可以省略tobe,sound,smell,feel,taste,become,look等连系动词后通常不能接不定式：(也可以理解为用主动表被动）误：Theseorangestastetobegood.(应去掉tobe)误：Therosessmelltobenice.(应去掉tobe),Exercise:,1.Mynewworkkeepsmebusyeveryday.2.Themanagerjustneedstimeandmoney.3.Theywillmeetattheguesthouseinanhour.4.Hebecomesadifferentpersonathome.5.Theymayalsogivetheseforeigntouristssomehelp.,6.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.7.Hesgettingangry.8.Ihavesomethingtodo.9.Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.10.Thepenwritessmoothly.11.Whatmakeshimthinkso?12.Theguidehasofferedatimetabletoeverytourist.13.Ishowedhimmypicture.,14.Ifoundthebookeasily.15.Hefellinlove.16.Hebroughtyouad