商务英语综合教程-1-Unit2ppt课件

U2,Haveyouheardofthefollowingguys?,WordCollocation,ThemeoftheUnit,Haveyouheardofthefollowingironladies?,Activation_main,Activation_1.1,Canyoujudgeapersonfromhis/herappearance?Ifyes,how?,Activation_1.2,Howmuchdoyouagreewiththis?,Vaintriflesastheyseem,clotheshave,theysay,moreimportantofficesthanmerelytokeepuswarm.Theychangeourviewoftheworldandtheworldsviewofus.VirginiaWoolf,Orlando,Activation_1.3,Howdotheyimpressyou?,Judgingfromtheirappearances,whomwouldyoutrustmost?Andwhomleast?Why?,Activation_1.4,WhichimageofBeckhamdoyouprefer?Why?,Activation_1.5,Howwouldyoudescribethesepeople?Stateyourreasons.,Activation_1.6,Whatcanyousayaboutthesepeople?Stateyourreasons.,Activation_1.7,Shouldyoujudgeapersonfromhis/herappearance?,Yes,sure!,Noway!,dressingstyleclean/dirtycheap/expensivecasual/business,messyEinsteinclothessoulsmillionaireinjeansAbookisnotjudgedbyitscover.,Activation_2,Whatprepositiondoyouuseineachphrase?,to,from,against,on,onthesideof,discriminate_minoritiesblendin_environmentrecoil_difficultieserr_self-deprecationcomment_politicalissues,against,to,from,onthesideof,on,Activation_3,Haveyouheardofthefollowingpeople?Whatdotheyhaveincommon?,Activation_3_pop1,AlexanderGrahamBell:(18471922)mostwellknownforinventingthetelephone.HisexperimentwithhearingdeviceseventuallyculminatedinBellbeingawardedthefirstUSpatentfortheinventionofthetelephonein1876.,Activation_3_pop2,AndrewCarnegie:(18351919)aScottish-AmericanbusinessmanandmajorphilanthropistandthefounderoftheCarnegieSteelCompanywhichlaterbecameUSSteel.Hegaveawaymostofhisrichestofundmanylibraries,schoolsanduniversitiesworldwide.,Activation_3_pop3,KarlMarx:(18181883)Germanphilosopher,politicaleconomist,sociologist,humanist,politicaltheorist,revolutionaryandcommunisticon.,Activation_3_pop4,JohnD.Rockefeller:(18391937)Americanindustrialist,financier,philanthropistandfounderofapowerfulfamilyofbankersandpoliticians.Herevolutionizedtheoilindustryanddefinedthestructureofmodernphilanthropy.Hespentthelastfortyyearsofhislifecreatingthemodernsystematicapproachoftargetedphilanthropy,creatingfoundationsthathadamajorimpactonmedicine,education,andscientificresearch.,Activation_4,Haveyouheardofthefollowingpeople?Whatdotheyhaveincommon?,Activation_4_pop1,AngelaMerkel:(born17July1954)thefirstfemaleChancellorofGermany.SheisconsideredbyForbesmagazinetobethemostpowerfulwomanintheworldatthepresenttime.In2007shebecamethesecondwomantochairtheG8afterMargaretThatcher.,Activation_4_pop2,HillaryClinton:(bornOctober26,1947)USSecretaryofState(asof2011),andwasacandidatefortheDemocraticnominationinthe2008presidentialelection.SheismarriedtoBillClintonthe42ndPresidentoftheUSandwastheFirstLadyoftheUSfrom1993to2001.,Activation_4_pop3,MargaretThatcher:(born13October,1925)Britainsfirstfemaleprimeministerandservedthreeconsecutivetermsinoffice.Shewasoneofthedominantpoliticalfiguresof20thcenturyBritain,andThatcherismcontinuestohaveahugeinfluencetoday.,Activation_4_pop4,WuYi:(bornNovember1938inWuhan,China)formerVicePremieroftheStateCouncilofthePeoplesRepublicofChina,overseeingthecountryseconomyuntilMarch2008.Knownastheironlady,WuwasoneofthetoughestnegotiatorsinChinasgovernment,Forbesmagazineconsideredherthesecondmostpowerfulwomanintheworldin2004,2005and2007.,TextI_warmup1,ShenQiang,40,aChinesevisitingscholarinanAmericanmedicalschool,begantogrowabeardonemonthafterhearrived.Itscommonformalestudentsoncampustohavelonghairorevenbeards.ButbackinChina,thehospitalIworkedindoesnotallowemployeestohavebeards.Iwanttoseizethisopportunitywhilebeingabroad;otherwiseIwouldneverbeabletoseemyselfwithabeard.Hesaid,IthinkIlookmoresophisticatednow.,TEXTI,TextI_warmup2,QuestionsforDiscussion:1.Whatisyourfirstimpressionofabeardedperson?Sophisticated,untidy,middle-aged,authoritative,orevenscary?2.Howdoyoucommentonthehospitalsbanonbeards?,Ithinkabeardisrelatedtosophisticationsometimes,orinChinarelatedtoanartist.Butsometimesitprojectsanegativeimage.,Ithinkitisreasonable.Otherwisetheymaylooksomewhatuntidyorunreliable.,TEXTI,TextI_warmup3,3.Canyouthinkofotherinstitutionsthathavespecialpoliciesonpeoplesappearance,likelengthofhair,height,weight,andsoon?,Teachers,thoughnotclearlystated,arenotsupposedtowearveryoutstandinghairstyles.Alsoactressesareexpectedtobeslimtobeattractive.TVanchorpersonsaresaidtohavetofollowsomeregulationsconcerninghairstyleandwearing.,TEXTI,WhatisWoodstock?,WhatisGillette?,AbouttheAuthor,WhatisZZTop?,TextI_BG_main,TEXTI,TextI_BG_1,AbouttheAuthorvonRhymerRigby,vonRhymerRigbyisaLondonbasedfreelancejournalistwhowritesaboutbusiness,travelandlifestyle.HehaswrittenforvariousnewspaperssuchastheFinancialTimes,theSundayTelegraph,andTheIndependentandmagazinesrangingfromCampaignandtheRSAJournaltoGQandArena.HehasalsoappearedonTVandradioasabusinesscommentator.Hisjobsincludewriter,editor,andeditorialresearcher.Laterhetraveledwidelyandpublishedtravelfeaturesforanumberofnewspapers.,TEXTI,TextI_BG_2.1,HaveyouheardofGillette?,Gillette:Thefirstcompanytoinventsafetyrazor,acquiredbyProcterAndrewCarnegiewasbearded;AlexanderGrahamBellluxuriantlyso.Sotooinpolitics:nolessthanfiveUSpresidentshavesportedfullbeards,butthelastwasin1893;inBritainthevogueforexecutivefacialhairlingeredon,althoughforsomereasonprimeministershavetendedtofavourthemoustache.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_5,Butthatwasthen.Beardsweremuchmorecommoninthe1960sand1970sandthenalmosttotallydisappearedinthe1980s,saysCaryCooper,professoroforganisationalpsychology(andbeardwearer)atLancasterUniversity.Indeed,thelinesofmostmodernexecutivesareGillette-smooth,sleekanduntroubledbywhiskers.Clean-shavenstyleguruPeterYorksaysthatthebeardsrarityinbusinessmirrorsitsrarityinsocietyasawhole.Therearentmanybeardsthesedaysandgoateesdontreallycount.Properbeards,heexplains,areseenasforthemiddle-aged,withconnotationsoftheWoodstockgeneration.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_6,Theysayanti-capitalistoracademic.Ifyouaskarecruitmentconsultant,oneofthefirstthingstheywillsayisDitchthebeard.Incertainareasthepublicsector,academiaandinformationtechnologythebeardmayhavealittlemorecurrency,headdsbutnotintheCityoronWallStreet.Manyarmedforcesthroughouttheworldhavenobeardpoliciesalthoughthesetendtomakeexceptionsforreligiousandpracticalsensibilitiesforinstance,amemberofthespecialforcesmightgrowabeardtoblendintoaparticularenvironment.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_7,Aswiththearmedforces,sowiththepolice.TheNewYorkPoliceDepartmentrecentlytolditsofficerstoshavetheirbeards,althoughapparentlymoustachesarepermittedandundercovercopscandoastheyseefit.InHouston,Texas,fourpolicemenaresuingthecityanditspolicedepartmentoverabeardbanforofficers,claimingtheirpayandstatushavebeenreducedandthatthebanunfairlysinglesoutthosewithskinconditions.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_8,Ourattitudestofacialhairaregreatlyshapedbyculture.IntheMiddleEast,India,SouthAmericaandAsiabeardsarefarmorecommonandmayappearalmostassoonastheirownerscangrowone.AndevenintheWest,LatinandGermaniccountriesaremorepro-beardthanthesmooth-cheekedAnglosphere.Itiscertainlyadvisableforambitiousbusinesswearerstokeepaneatbeard.IfIseeascruffybeard,Ithinkscruffybugger,saysMr.French.AlongbeardjustsaysZZTopitbecomescomical,concursMr.York.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_9,Sowillthefull-strengthbeardasopposedtothewatered-downgoateeevermakeacomebackintheworkplace?Mr.Yorkdoubtsit.Themodernworldisallaboutultra-grooming,whichgivesanimpressionofwealthandefficiency.Andabeardisaseriouscommitmentyoucantjustchangeitlikeatie.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_10,AsforBritainsbest-knownbusinessbeardie,SirRichardBransonsaysthefutureofhisfacialhairisbynomeanscertain,ifhislatestventurebearsfruit:Iamalittleconcernedthatmybeardcouldbeatriskinspace.OneofourearlycustomersforVirginGalacticisdeterminedtoshavemybeardoffwhilstweightless.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_Perhaps,Perhaps,then,ifyouhavetheconfidencetowearfacialhairinthefirstplace,itwillnotbeabushybartosuccess.,Whatdoesinthefirstplacemean?Whatdoesabushybarreferto?,inthefirstplace:firstofall,firstabushybartosuccess:anobstacletosuccesscausedbyfacialhair;bar:n.obstacle,barrier;abartosth:anobstaclethathinderssth,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_inBritain1,.inBritainthevogueforexecutivefacialhairlingeredon,althoughforsomereasonprimeministershavetendedtofavourthemoustache.,DoyouknowofanyBritishprimeministerswhowearamoustache?,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_inBritain2,AndrewBonarLaw:192223Conservative.LawsTranquilityManifestowasanattempttoallowBritaintorecoverfromwardamage.Thoughelected,helastedjust209daysinoffice.HeresignedinMay1923duetoillhealth,anddiedofthroatcancersixmonthslater.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_inBritain3,RamsayMacDonald:1924,192935Labour.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_inBritain4,NevilleChamberlain:193740Conservative.InSeptember1938ChamberlainmadethreevisitstoGermanyfortalkswithAdolfHitlerthathehopedwouldavertawar.TheresultwasanagreementthatBritainandGermanywouldneveragaingotowar.Ibelieve,hedeclaredonhisreturntotheUK,itispeaceforourtime.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_inBritain5,JohnMajor:199097Conservative.Whenelected,hewastheyoungestPrimeMinisterforoveracentury.HeestablishedtheNorthernIrelandPeaceProcessintheearly1990s.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_Manyarmed,Manyarmedforcesthroughouttheworldhavenobeardpoliciesalthoughthesetendtomakeexceptionsforreligiousandpracticalsensibilitiesforinstance,amemberofthespecialforcesmightgrowabeardtoblendintoaparticularenvironment.,Paraphrasethesentence.Payattentiontotheitalicizedpart.,Manyarmedforcesthroughouttheworldhavenobeardpolicies,butforreligiousandpracticalreasonssomepeoplearestillallowedtohaveabeardforexample,amemberofthespecialforcesmightgrowabeardsothathecanmingleharmoniouslyintoaparticularculturegroup.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_TheNewYork,TheNewYorkPoliceDepartmentrecentlytolditsofficerstoshavetheirbeards,althoughapparentlymoustachesarepermittedandundercovercopscandoastheyseefit.,Paraphrasethesentence.Payattentiontotheitalicizedpart.,TheNewYorkPoliceDepartmentrecentlytolditsofficerstoditchtheirbeards,thoughitisclearthatmoustachesarepermittedandundercovercopscandowhatevertotheirfacialhairaslongasitfitstheirjob.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_Itiscertainly1,Itiscertainlyadvisableforambitiousbusinesswearerstokeepaneatbeard.,Paraphrasethesentence.Payattentiontotheitalicizedpart.,Itisrecommendedthatambitiousbusinessmenkeepaneatbeard.Payattentiontothesentencepattern:Itisadvisableforsbtodosth,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_Itiscertainly2,Anotherexample:Aseemingignoranceisveryoftenamostnecessarypartofworldlyknowledge.Itis,forinstance,commonlyadvisabletoseemignorantofwhatpeopleoffertotellyou;and,whentheysay,Haveyounotheardofsuchathing?toanswer,No,andtoletthemgoon,thoughyouknowitalready.PhilipDormerStanhope,TEXTI,TextI_DR_S_Themodern,Themodernworldisallaboutultra-grooming,whichgivesanimpressionofwealthandefficiency.,Paraphrasethesentence.Payattentiontotheitalicizedpart.,Themodernworldputsgreatemphasisonbeingexceptionallyclean,sothatotherpeoplecanfeelthispersoniswealthyandefficient.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_W_entrepreneur,entrepreneur:n.apersonwhomakesmoneybystartingorrunningbusinesses,especiallywhenthisinvolvestakingfinancialrisks,n.entrepreneurship,Beinganentrepreneurmeansthinkingaboutthebusinessallthetime,acceptingitsresponsibilitiesanditsfailures.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_W_discriminate,discriminate:v.totreatonepersonorgroupworse/betterthananotherinanunfairway,n.discrimination,WhydosomanycompaniesthinkitsOKtodiscriminateagainstolderpeople?,Amajorityofthedelegatesdiscriminatedinfavouroftheproposal.,againstsb,infavourofsb,TEXTI,TextI_DR_W_apprentice,apprentice:n.ayoungpersonwhoworksforanemployerforafixedperiodoftimeinordertolearntheparticularskillsneededintheirjob,Manycompaniestakenewlygraduatessinceapprenticesofferacheapsourceoflabor.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_W_connotation,connotation:n.anideasuggestedbyawordinadditiontoitsmainmeaning,Doyouknowthatfatandplumphavedifferentconnotations?,TEXTI,TextI_DR_W_recruitment,recruitment:n.theacttofindnewpeopletojoinacompany,anorganization,thearmedforces,etc.,recruit:v.,Nowadaysyoufindsomanyrecruitmentconsultancywebsites.,Atthebeginningofeveryacademicyear,thesocietiesandclubsoncampuscompetetorecruitnewmembers.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_W_consultant,consultant:n.apersonwhoknowsalotaboutaparticularsubjectandisemployedtogiveadviceaboutittootherpeople,Thepresidentislookingtohireamanagementconsultantwhohadexperienceinthelocalgovernmentasherdeputy.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_W_academia,academia:n.theworldoflearning,teaching,research,etc.atuniversities,andthepeopleinvolvedinit,Theworkshopwasattendedby25participantsfromacademiaandindustry.,TEXTI,TextI_DR_W_pro-beard,pro-beardpro-:prefixsupportingorapprovingofsth,pro-westernforcesapro-democracydemonstrationapro-environmentgovernor,anti-:prefixopposedto,anti-waranti-American,TEXTI,TextI_DR_W_ultra-grooming,ultra-groomingultra-:prefixextremely;beyondaparticularlimit,ultra-modernultra-light,TEXTI,OscardelaRenta,WhatdidHilaryClintonwear?,AbouttheAuthor,AboutVogue,SuperTuesday,UsWeekly,TextII_BG_main,TEXTII,TextII_BG_1,AbouttheAuthorMenglyTaing:USjournalist,formerdesignandstylewriterforTime.,TEXTII,TextII_BG_2.1,WhatdidHilaryClintonwear?,1998:HillaryRodhamClintonworeaburgundyvelvetOscardelaRentagownonthecoverofVogueinDecember1998,July2007:HillaryRodhamClintondressedinalowV-neckblouseunderneathhercoral-huedblazer,herusualblackpantsuits,todressinabrightspectrumofjacketsandsuits,TEXTII,TextII_BG_3,WhoisOscardelaRenta?Whatisheknownfor?,TEXTII,TextII_BG_3_pop1,BornJuly22,1932,oneoftheworldspre-eminentdesigners.Hisownlabel,alsoknownasOscardelaRenta,waslaunchedin1965.Histalentsreceivecontinualinternationalrecognition.Hehaswonmanyawardsandhonours.Hisclotheshavebeenwornbymanycelebrities.,TEXTII,TextII_BG_3_pop2,Thecompanycurrentlyproducesafulllineofwomensaccessories:bags,belts,jewelry,scarvesandshoesinadditiontoitssignaturewomensready-to-wearcollection.TheworldofOscardelaRentaalsoincludesahighendsportswear,sportswearcollection,cosmeticcases,eyewear,furs,jewelry,lingerie,scarves,sleepwear,andswimwear.Formen,itsproductsincludehosiery,sportcoats,suits,andtrousers.Mr.delaRentahasalsoventuredintothehomewithbothfurnitureandhomefragrancecollections.,TEXTII,VoguewasdescribedbybookcriticCarolineWeberinTheNewYorkTimesinDecember2006astheworldsmostinfluentialfashionmagazine.Itispublishedin18countriesandoneregionbyCondNastPublications.Vogueismostfamousasapresenterofimagesofhighfashionandhighsociety.Itpublishesmonthly,addressingtopicsoffashion,lifeanddesign.Italsopublisheswritingsonart,culture,politics,andideas.Ithashelpedtoenshrinethefashionmodelascelebrity.Amongthe100largestmagazinesbasedoncirculation,Vogueranked74thin2008with1,258,605(Source:MagazinePublishersofAmerica)andraisedto1.3millioninthefirsthalfof2009(Source:AuditBureauofCirculationsRapidReport.),TextII_BG_4.1,HaveyoureadVogue?Whatfeaturesdoesithave?,TEXTII,TextII_BG_4.2,DoyouknowwhohaveappearedonVoguecoverapartfromHilaryClinton?,TEXTII,TextII_BG_5,WhenisSuperTuesdayinAmerica?Whathappensonthatday?,IntheUnitedStates,itistheTuesdayinFebruaryorMarchofapresidentialelectionyearwhenthegreatestnumberofstatesholdprimaryelectionstoselectdelegatestonationalconventionsatwhicheachpartyspresidentialcandidatesareofficiallynominated.,TEXTII,TextII_BG_6,HaveyoureadUsWeekly?Whatfeaturesdoesithave?,UsWeeklyisacelebritygossipmagazine,foundedin1977byTheNewYorkTimesCompany,whosolditin1980.ItwasacquiredbyWennerMediain1986.Thepublicationcoverstopicsrangingfromcelebrityrelationshipstothelatesttrendsinfashion,beauty,andentertainment.Asof2007,itscirculationaveragedover1.85million.Amongthe100largestmagazinesbasedoncirculation,UsWeeklyranked40thin2008with1,903,989(Source:MagazinePublishersofAmerica)andraisedto1.95millioninthefirsthalfof2009(Source:AuditBureauofCirculationsRapidReport).,TEXTII,TextII_DR_1,PoliticsinVogue,MenglyTaing,WhenHillaryRodhamClintonstoodontheSenatefloorlastJuly,dressedinalowV-neckblouseunderneathhercoral-huedblazer,shedidnotanticipatethathernecklinewouldtrumpherspeechabouttherisingcostsofcollege.Clintonsmilddcolletagemayhavedisturbedsome,butforfashioneditors,hernewlookwaslongoverdue.ThelasttimetheNewYorksenatorexudedanyhintofsexualitywaswhensheworeaburgundyvelvetOscardelaRentagownonthecoverofVogueinDecember1998.Herdecisiontodressinabrightspectrumofjacketsandsuitsduringherpresidentialrun,asopposedtoherusualblackpantsuits,helpedherstandoutonthecampaigntrailbutalso,insomeways,seemedtorepresentanewembraceofherfemininity.,TEXTII,TextII_DR_2,ClintonwasscheduledtomanifestthatdestinyonthecoveroftheFebruary2008issueofVogue,intimefortheSuperTuesdayprimarycontestsandNewYorkCityFall2008FashionWeek,whichfellwithindaysofeachotherinFebruary.JuliaReed,VoguepoliticalreporterandNewsweekcontributingeditor,sharpenedherpencilswhilefamedphotographerAnnieLeibovitz,whohadphotographedClintonin1998and2003,readiedhercamerasforthehistoricshoot.ButClintondisappointedthembychanginghermindandcancelingatthelastminute.Reedwasleftwithoutasubject,LeibovitzwithoutamodelandVoguewithoutacover.,TEXTII,TextII_DR_3,LizSmithbrokethenewsinhergossipcolumninTheNewYorkPostlastNovember.HandlersforthesenatordecidedVoguewouldbetooelitistandHillarymightcomeoffastooglamorous,shewrote.Aspokespersonforthemagazineconfirmed,WeweretoldbyMs.ClintonscampthattheywereconcernedifClintonappearedinVoguethatshewouldappeartoofeminine.Unsurprisingly,AnnaWintour,Vogueseditorinchief,wasnotpleased.,TEXTII,TextII_DR_4,InherFebruary2008LetterfromtheEditor,Wintourwrote,Thenotionthatacontemporarywomanmustlookmannishinordertobetakenseriouslyasaseekerofpowerisfranklydismaying.Howhasourculturecometothis?ThisisAmerica,notSaudiArabia.AcoupleofweeksaftertheFebruary2008issueofVogueappearedonnewsstandswithanotherblondecovergirl,andafterthefrenzyofSuperTuesdayandFallFashionWeekdieddown,ClintonmadeanunexpectedappearanceinUsWeekly,thepopularmagazinethatisknowntodemeancelebritieswithunflatteringphotosthatpo