VMwareftServer 课程文档04-磁盘管理

磁盘管理,:,6,DiskandStorageOverview,VMwarevSphereandAutomatedUptimeLayersupportavarietyofinternalandexternalstoragedevicesandfeaturesInternalSASdisks(bootordataonly)FibreChannelexternalstoragesystemslikeftScalableStorage(bootordataonly)iSCSIexternalstoragesystems(dataonly)NetworkFileSystem(NFS)shares(dataonly),2,InternalDiskManagement,InternaldiskssupportRAID-1mirroringonlyEachdiskpaircontainsasinglevolumethatusesallofthespaceoneachdiskAlwaysmirrorthedisksinoneCPU-I/OenclosurewithcorrespondingdisksintheotherenclosureAlldisksshouldbesuppliedbyStratusAlldisksshouldbeofthesamecapacityandtype,3,DeviceNames,InternaldiskshavetwotypesofnamesStatic,persistentpathnamesarebasedontheslotsthattheyoccupy(forexample,10/40/1isthediskinslot1ofI/Oelement10).Dynamickerneldevicenamesarebasedontheorderinwhichthesystemsoftwarediscoversthem,usingtheformatvmhbann0000:Cx,wherenn=theI/Oelementnumber,andxisthediscoveryorder.,4,DeviceNames(Continued),Usethe/opt/ft/bin/ftsmaintcommandtodeterminethekerneldevicenameofadiskinaparticularslot.Forexample,executethefollowingcommandtodeterminethekerneldevicenameofthediskinslot1ofI/Oelement11:#/opt/ft/bin/ftsmaintls11/40/1H/WPath:11/40/1Description:DiskDriveKernelDeviceNames:vmhba110500:C0:T0:L0,5,RAIDVolumes,UsetheesxclistoragempmcommandtocreateaRAID-1volumeonapairofdisks.Thevolumenamecanbempmn,wherenisanumberfrom0to7.Forexample,usethenamempm1tocreateamirroredvolumeonthedisksinslot2ofeachCPU-I/Oenclosure.,6,TheesxclistoragempmCommand,UsetheesxclistoragempmcommandtocreateandmanageRAID-1volumesoninternalSASharddisks.Manyesxclistoragempmcommandargumentsrequireavolumename,diskname,orboth.Forexample,toaddthediskvmhba110500:C0:T1:L0tovolumempm1,issuethefollowingcommand:#esxclistoragempmadd-vmpm1-dvmhba110500:C0:T1:L0Useesxclistoragempmlisttogetalistofallvolumesanddisksinyoursystem.,7,CAUTION:Disknamesandkerneldevicenamescanchangewheneveryourrebootyoursystemormovedisksfromslottoslot.Verifythelocationsofdisksbeforeyouoperateonthemwiththeesxclistoragempmcommand.Otherwise,youriskdataloss.,8,TheesxclistoragempmCommand(Continued),Youcanusethe-scanargumentwiththeesxclistoragempmcommand.Forexample,issuethefollowingcommandtoscanforinternaldisksthatarepartofexistingRAIDvolumesand,ifpossible,automaticallyassemblethoseRAIDvolumesintomirroredvolumes:#esxclistoragempmassemble-scanYourftServersystemexecutesthiscommandeachtimethesystembootstoautomaticallystartyourfault-tolerantvolumes.,9,TheesxclistoragempmCommand(Continued),CreatingaRAIDVolume,SelectapairofidenticaldisksandinsertthemintotwocorrespondingslotsindifferentCPU-I/Oenclosures.(Forexample,inthebottomleft-handslotsofbothenclosures,10/40/2and11/40/2).,10,Afterverifyingtheslotlocationofthepartnerdisk,usetheesxclistoragempmlistcommandtoverifythatthekerneldevicenamesforthedisksaredisplayedandthatthedisksaremarkedasunused(notpartofarunningmirroredvolume).#esxclistoragempmlistinfo-mpm0:488281664blocks(476837MB)2/2_vmhba100500:C0:T0:L0(10/40/1)in_sync_vmhba110500:C0:T0:L0(11/40/1)in_syncUnuseddisks:-vmhba100500:C0:T1:L0(10/40/2)-vmhba110500:C0:T1:L0(11/40/2),11,CreatingaRAIDVolume(Continued),ToensurethatthediskswerenotpreviouslyassignedtoaRAIDvolume,usethecommandesxclistoragempmexaminetoexaminethesuperblockofeachdisk,asdescribedintheStratusftServerSystemAdministratorsGuideforVMwarevSphere(R002E).Then,dooneofthefollowing:Ifbothdisksareblank,oryouarepreparedtooverwritethedatatheycontain,continuewithstep4.Ifyoudonotwanttoriskoverwritingdisksthatcontainvalidsuperblockinformation,removeoneorbothdisksandinsertblankdisks.Repeatsteps1-3.,12,CreatingaRAIDVolume(Continued),Tocreateamirroredvolumeonthetwodisks,executethefollowingcommand:#esxclistoragempmcreate-vvolume-disk1=disk1-disk2=disk2wherevolumeisthelogicalvolumenameforthemirroredset,anddisk1anddisk2arethekerneldevicenamesforthetwodisks.Thefollowingcommandcreatesandassembles(starts)theRAIDarray.Inthecommand,mpm1isthelogicalvolumenameforasetofdisksinphysicalslot1,andthedisknamesarethekerneldevicenames.,13,CreatingaRAIDVolume(Continued),#esxclistoragempmcreate-vmpm1-disk1=vmhba100500:C0:T1:L0-disk2=vmhba110500:C0:T1:L0,CreatingandMountingaFileSystem,YoucancreateandmountafilesystemusingvSphereClientasdescribedbelow:OpenvSphereClientandlogontotheESXihost.ClicktheConfigurationtabfortheESXihost.OntheConfigurationtab,intheHardwarebox,clickStorage.TheStoragepageappears.ClickAddStorageandusetheAddStoragewizardtocreateaVMFSdatastoreontheappropriateLocalSTRATUSDisk(mpmn)device.Formoredetails,seetheStratusftServerSystemAdministratorsGuideforVMwarevSphere(R002E).,14,ThescreencaptureshownbelowdisplaysthepropertiesofaVMFSdatastorecreatedonmirroredinternaldisks.,15,CreatingandMountingaFileSystem(Continued),RAIDVolumeStatus,UseesxclistoragempmandftsmainttocheckonthestatusofaRAIDvolume.UseesxclistoragempmlisttogetalistofRAIDvolumes,members,andanyunuseddisks.Forthestatusofthempm1volume,issuethefollowingcommand:#esxclistoragempmlist-vmpm1mpm1:71484736blocks(69809MB)2/2|resync=26.0%(18648000/71484736)finish=5.8min(150246K/s)_vmhba100500:C0:T1:L0(10/40/2)in_sync_vmhba110500:C0:T1:L0(11/40/2)in_syncVolumeresynchis26.0%completeandwillfinishin5.8minutes(orless,iffastresyncispossible).,16,RAIDVolumeStatus(Continued),Youcanalsouseftsmaintlscommandtocheckthestatusofamirroredvolume.Specifyingthepathofeitherdiskinavolumegivesoutputsimilartothefollowing:#ftsmaintls10/40/2H/WPath:10/40/2Description:DiskDriveState:ONLINEOpState:DUPLEX.DeviceName:disk_bUdevDeviceNames:-KernelDeviceNames:vmhba100500:C0:T1:L0.WhentheftsmaintoutputindicatesthattheOpStateofadiskisDUPLEX(insteadofONLINEorSIMPLEX),synchronizationiscompleteandthevolumeisfaulttolerant.,17,ConnectingRemoteDevicesviavSphereClient,CD/DVDdrivesandUSBstoragedevicesaredisabledbydefaultbecausethesubsystemthatsupportsthemisnotfaulttolerant.ConnectCD/DVDs,ISOfiles,andUSBdevicesfromaremotemanagementsystemtotheftSysManagementAppliancebyusingvSphereClient.SeeStratusAutomatedUptimeLayerforVMwarevSphere-basedftServerSystems:InstallationandConfiguration(R004E)fordetailedprocedures.Afterusingremotemedia,useumountcommands(e.g.,umount/mnt/flash)tounmountthemediaintheftSysManagementAppliancebeforedisconnectingitinvSphereClient.,18,USBStorage,WhenyouusevSphereClienttoconnectaUSBdevicetotheftSysManagementAppliance,theSCSIdriverscansitandassignsaname(forexample,/dev/sde1)Youcanusethedmesg,mkdir,andmountcommands(asshownonthenextslide)todeterminetheUSBdevicename,createadirectoryasamountpoint,andmountthedevice.,19,#dmesg|tail-20Vendor:GenericModel:STORAGEDEVICERev:1033Type:Direct-AccessANSISCSIrevision:00SCSIdevicesdb:512000512-bytehdwrsectors(262MB)sdb:WriteProtectisoffsdb:ModeSense:02000000sdb:assumingdrivecache:writethroughSCSIdevicesdb:512000512-bytehdwrsectors(262MB)sdb:WriteProtectisoffsdb:ModeSense:02000000sdb:assumingdrivecache:writethroughsdb:sdb1sd1:0:0:0:Att