英语学术论文写作参考文献格式.ppt

FormatforWorkCited“ReferencesBibliography-periodicals,FormatforWorkCited(MLA),Generalorder:Nameofauthor(.)+titleofarticle(.)”+nameofperiodical+volumenumber(.)issuenumber+dateofpublicationorwork(.)+cityofpublication(:)+yearofpublication(.),1.Author:(1)Oneauthor:Listtheauthorssurnamefirst,followedbyacommaandthenbythefirstnameorinitials.Kluger,Jeffrey.“TheNukePipeline.”Time17Dec.2001:40-45.,(2)Twoauthors:invertthenameofonlythefirstandfollowitwithacomma.Hillenbrand,Barry,andJeffJacobson.“Heartland.”ModernMaturityJan./Feb.2002:34-43.,addanand,(3)Threeauthors:placeacommaafterthesecondauthor.Kennedy,CraigH.,ShuklasSmith,andDaleFryxell.“ComparingtheEffectsofEducationalPlacementontheSocialRelationshipsofIntermediateSchoolStudentswithSevereDisabilities.”ExceptionalChildren64(Fall1997):31-47.,(4)Morethanthreeauthors:listthefirstauthorsname,inverted,followedbyacommaandetalEnright,Frank,etal.or:McCuen,JoRay,AnthonyWinkler,CathyPerris,andBeckyBailey.,2.Title.Listthetitleinquotationmarks,followedbyaperiodinsidetheendquotationmarkunlessthetitleitselfendsinaquestionmarkorexclamationpoint.,ex.Hoffenaar,Peter,etal.“TheStructureofOppositionality:ResponseDispositionsandSituationalAspects.”JournalofChildPsychologyandPsychiatry43.3(2002):375-85.Dowden,Craig.“WhatAretheEffectiveTreatmentsforPropositionalandDefiantBehaviorsinPreadolescents?”JournalofFamilyPractice54.2(2005):162,164-65.,3.Publicationinformationnameoftheperiodical+avolumenumber+(Theyearofpublication):+pagenumbers,Iftheperiodicalhastheissuenumber(Number3),amonth,oraseason(Fall).Theissuenumberfollowsthevolumenumber,separatedbyaperiod(4.3meansvolume4,issue2),ex.Clark,C.,etal.“TheRelationshipbetweenExecutiveFunctionalAbilities,AdaptiveBehavior,andAcademicAchievementinChildrenwithExternalizingBehaviorProblems.”JournalofChildPsychologyandPsychiatry43.6(2002):785-96.,1)therearesomejournalsuseamonthorseasondesignationinplaceofanissuenumberex.McInnis,Douglas.“ThePlightoftheBumbleBee.”PopularScience251(Nov.1997):75-80.Kennedy,CraigH.,ShuklasSmith,andDaleFryxell.“ComparingtheEffectsofEducationalPlacementontheSocialRelationshipsofIntermediateSchoolStudentswithSevereDisabilities.”ExceptionalChildren64(Fall1997):31-47.,3)Newspaperrequirethepagenumber,whichmayincludeasectionletter.Ifthesectionorpartisnumbered,addsec.orpt.beforethatnumber.ex.Rumberger,L.“OurWork,NotEducation,NeedsRestructuring.”LosAngelesTimes,24May1984,pt.2:5.,2)Magazinesthatarepublishedweeklyormonthlyrequireonlythedate,withoutavolumenumber:ex.Biema,Davidvan.“OpusDei.”Time24April2006:52-63.,4.PagesIfthepagesofthearticlearescatteredthroughouttheissue(forexample,pages30,36,51,and52),useoneofthefollowingformats:,30,36,51,5230andpassim30ff.30+,ex.Miller,MarkCrispin.“TheNewWaveinRock.”HorizonMar.1978:76+.Dowden,Craig.“WhatAretheEffectiveTreatmentsforPropositionalandDefiantBehaviorsinPreadolescents?”JournalofFamilyPractice54.2(2005):162,164-65.,shouldbeusedwhenonlythreeorfourpagesareinvolved,Page30andhereandtherethroughoutthework,Page30andthefollowingpages,Beginningonpage30,Dowden,Craig.“WhatAretheEffectiveTreatmentsforPropositionalandDefiantBehaviorsinPreadolescents?”JournalofFamilyPractice54.2(2005):162,164-65.,Nameoftheauthor,inverted,Thetitleofthearticle,inquotationmark,nameofthearticle,underlined,Thevolumenumber,Theissuenumber,yearofpublicationinparentheses,pagenumbers,FormatforReferences(APA),Generalorder:Name(s)ofauthor(s)+(yearofpublication)(.)+Titleofarticle(.)+Nameofperiodical(,)+Volumenumber(,)+pagenumbers(.),1.TheAuthor(s)1)Oneauhor:ininvertedorderwithonlytheinitialsoffirstandmiddlenames.ex.Harvey,O.L.(1980).Themeasurementofhandwritingconsideredasaformofexpressivemovement.QuarterlyReviewofBiology,55,231-249.,2)Uptosixauthors:useanprecededbyacommainfrontofthelastauthor.ex.Rodney,J.,Hollender,B.,Campbell,M.(1983).Hypnotizabilityandphobicbehavior.JournalofAbnormalPsychology,92,386-389.,3)morethansixauthors,useetal.ex.Johnson,T.H.,Corbett,M.,Benioff,M.F.,Castuera,I.O,Nassiman,P.,White,P.R.,etal.,2.Yearofpublication,2)Ifitisamagazinearticle,anditisissuedmonthly.Listtheauhor(s),thentheyearandmonthofpublicationinparentheses,separatedbyacomma.ex.Kernan,M.(2001,October).Headsup:Fromacomputer-generatedmodel,sculptorscastabronzetriceratopsthatlooksliketherealthing.Smithsonian,34-36.,1)Inparentheses,followedbyaperiod.ex.Harvey,O.L.(1980).Themeasurementofhandwritingconsideredasaformofexpressivemovement.QuarterlyReviewofBiology,55,231-249.,3)Ititisamagazinearticleanditisissuedonaspecificday.Listtheauthor(s),followedbytheyear,acomma,themonth,andthedayofthemonthinparentheses,withaperiodfollowingtheclosingparenthesis.ex.Kalfayou,M.(1997,November5).Asawomanseesit:Honkfordomesticviolence.TheAmericanObserver,3,APAstyleretainsthearticle(The),3.TitleWithonlytheinitialletterofthefirstwordofthetitleandsubtitleandpropernounscapitalized,followedbyaperiod.ex.Feldman,S.(2001).Buildingblocks.NationalJournal,36,2708,4.NameofthejournalormagazineInitalic,withthefirstwordandallotherwordsoffourlettersormorecapitalized,followedbyacomma.ex.Kaptur,M.(2001).Thelinkbetweenhousingandeducation.JournalofHousingandCommunityDevelopment,58(6),6.,5.Volumenumber,initalics,followedbyacommaIfthejournalbeginseachissuewithpage1,supplythevolumenumberinArabicanditalic,followedimmediately(nospace)bytheissuenumberinArabicandinparentheses.ex.Anderson,L.(2001).Theoverlookedfactorinweightcontrol.JournalofLongevity,71(12),6-8.,6.Inclusivepagenumbersfollowedbyaperiod(nop.Orpp.)ex.Anthony,R.G.,Smith,N.S.(1977).Ecologicalrelationshipsbetweenmuledeerandwhite-taileddeerinsoutheasternArizona.EcologicalMonographs,47,255-277.,Reynolds,MaynardC.(1994).Childdisabilities:Whosin,whosnot.JournalofSchoolHealth,64,238-242.,Nameofauthorinverted,Yearofpublicationinparentheses,Titleofthearticle,Nameoftheperiodicalinitalic,Volumenumberinitalic,pagenumbers,FormatforBibliography(CMS),Generalorder:Name(s)ofauthor(s)(,)+Titleofthearticle(,)+thetitleoftheperiodical/thetitleoftheperiodical+volumenumber+(yearofpublication)(:)+pagenumbers(.),1.Theauthor.1)Singleauthor.theauthorsnameinthenormalorder.ex.MattRees,Showdown,Time,17December2001,46-50.,2)Morethanoneauthor:ex.ClydeFergusonandWilliamR.Cotter,SouthAfrica-WhatistoBeDoneForeignAffairs56(1978):254.,3)ThreeauthorsSeperatedthefirstandsecondnamesbyacomma,andthesecondandthirdbyacommafollowedbythewordandex.PaulJacobs,SaulLanden,andEvePell,4)Morethanthreeauthorslistthenameofthefirstauthorfollowedbyetal.withnocommainbetween.,2.TitleofthearticlePlacedwithinquotationmarks.ex.MattRees,Showdown,Time,17December2001,46-50.,3.ThetitleoftheperiodicalThetitleoftheperiodicalisitalicizedorunderlined.ex.ClydeFergusonandWilliamR.Cotter,SouthAfrica-WhatistoBeDoneForeignAffairs56(1978):254.,4.VolumenumberandtheyearofpublicationvolumenumberinArabicandtheyearofpublicationinparenthesesex.AnnePaolucci,ComedyandParadoxinPirandellosPlays,ModernDrama20(1977):322.,5.PagenumbersUseacolonbeforethepagenumbersofajournal,butacommabeforepagenumbersofm