外文翻译---使用直流电弧等离子体喷射合成纳米级掺锑锡氧化物粒子.doc

英文原文Synthesisofnano-sizedantimony-dopedtinoxide(ATO)particlesusingaDCarcplasmajetKeywords:ThermalplasmaAntimony-dopedtinoxide(ATO)NanopowderAbstrctNano-sizedantimony-dopedtinoxide(ATO)particlesweresynthesizedusingDCarcplasmajet.TheprecursorsSnCl4andSbCl5wereinjectedintotheplasmaflameinthevaporphase.ATOpowdercouldconvenientlybesynthesizedwithoutanyotherpost-treatmentinthisstudy.TocontrolthedopingamountofantimonyintheATOparticles,theSb/Snmolarratiowasusedasanoperatingvariable.Tostudytheeffectofcarriergasontheparticlesize,argonandoxygengaseswereused.TheresultsofXRDandTGAshowthatallSbionspenetratedtheSnO2latticetosubstituteSnions.WiththeincreasedSbCl5concentrationinsourcematerial,theSbdopinglevelwasalsoincreased.Thesizeoftheparticlessynthesizedusingtheargoncarriergaswasmuchsmallerthanthatoftheparticlespreparedusingtheoxygencarriergas.Fortheargongas,PSAresultsandSEMimagesrevealthattheaverageparticlesizewas19nm.However,fortheoxygengas,theaverageparticlesizewas31nm.1.IntroductionSnO2isatypicalwidebandgapsemiconductoranditsconductivityisgenerallyrealizedbynon-stoichiometryassociatedwithoxygenvacanciesintheSnO2lattice.However,thecontentofoxygenvacanciesinSnO2istypicallydifficulttocontrol.TinoxidedopedwithSb,Mo,andFhasbeenstudiedinthepastduetotheuniquepropertiesofthedopedtinoxidesuchaspreferableconductivityandtransparencyinvisiblelightwavelengthrange.Inparticular,Sbisconsideredthebestdopantduetoitsstability.Antimony-dopedtinoxide(ATO)isann-typesemiconductorwithelectronsinthetin5-basedconductionbandprovidedbytheantimonydopant.TheconductivityandtransparencycanbecontrolledbyvaryingtheamountofSbdopantinsteadofbymanipulatingthenon-stoichiometry.ATOhasbeenstudiedinthepasttomeasureitspropertiesoftheinherentelectrochromismaswellasitscapacityforuseinchargestorageandasacatalyst.AtlowSbdopinglevel,ATOhaspropertiesoftransparencyatthevisibleregionwithgoodconductivity,whilereflectinginfraredlight.ThesecharacteristicsenableATOtobeusedasatransparentelectrodeforelectrochemicaldevices,displays,andheatmirrorsandenergystoragedevices.HeavilydopedATOisagoodcatalystfortheoxidationofphenolandolefinandthedehydrogenationandammoxidationofalkenes.Thusfar,ATOparticleshavebeenmainlysynthesizedbysolidandliquidstatereactionmethod,suchassolidstatereaction,coprecipitation,ahydrothermalmethod,andasolgelmethod.AlthoughsolidandliquidstatereactionsareconsideredsuitablemethodstosynthesizeATOnanopowder,theseapproachesrequirealargequantityofsolutionandorganicmaterials,longerprocessingtime,heattreatmentforcrystallization,filtration,anddryingprocess.Toovercometheseweakpoints,inthepresentworkweintroduceathermalplasmaprocesstosynthesizeATOnanopowders.Thethermalplasmaprocesshasuniquecharacteristicsforthepreparationofnanopowdersasitinvolveshightemperatureandaquenchingsystem.Inthispaper,nano-sizedATOpowdersweresynthesizedbyanargonplasmajetatatmosphericpressure.TocontrolthedopingamountofATO,differentSb/Snmolarratioswereapplied.TheeffectsoftheSbdopantonthephasecompositionandparticlesizehavebeendiscussed.2.ExperimentalNano-sizedATOwassynthesizedusinganargonplasmajetatatmosphericpressure.Precursorsweretin(IV)chloride(SnCl4,99.9%,AldrichCo.)andantimonypentachloride(SbCl5,99%,AldrichCo.).BecauseSnCl4andSbCl5easilyevaporateatroomtemperatureandpressure,theywereinjectedintotheplasmaflameinavaporFig.1.SchematicdiagramofDCplasmajetforsynthesisofATOnanopowders.Table1Experimentalconditionsforsynthesisofnano-sizedpowderPlasmapower300A,6.9kWPlasmagasAr:15l/minPressure750TorrDurationofexperiment10minSourcematerialsTin(VI)chloride(99.9%,AldrichCo.),feedrate:0.41g/min(carriergas:Ar2l/min)Antimonypentachloride(99%,AldrichCo.),feedrate:0.076g/min(carriergas:Ar2l/min)phasewithoutadditionalheating.Fig.1showsaschematicdiagramoftheDCplasmasystem.Thesourcematerialwasinjectedi