外文翻译--PIC单片机在手机远程控制器中的低功耗设计.doc

PICMicrocontrollerinMobilePhoneRemoteControllerLowPowerDesignAbstract:Thecombinationoftelephoneremotecontrollerforlow-powerdesigntoexplorethePICsingle-chiplow-powerdesignmethodology,andgivethedesignofthecircuitschematic.Keywords:PICSingle-chiplow-powerdesigntelephoneremotecontrollerstandbyINTRODUCTION20thcenturysincethe90s,withthecharacteristiclinewidthofintegratedcircuitscontinuetoshrinkandthechipdensityandacorrespondingincreaseinoperatingfrequency,lowerpowerconsumptionhasbecomeasub-micronanddeepsub-micronVLSIdesignofamajorconsiderationinfactors.Theincreaseinpowerwillbringaboutaseriesofquestions,suchasthecircuitparametersdrift,reliabilitydecreasedchippackageincreaseinproductioncosts.Therefore,thesystempowerconsumptionintheentiresystemdesign,especiallyintheuseofbattery-poweredsystem,itisveryimportant.MicrochipInc.PICmicrocontrollerseriesforthedesignofhigh-performance,low-powersingle-chipmicrocomputersystemprovidedagoodsolution.Thefollowingfromthelow-powerdesignmethodsandspecificexamplestointroducesingle-chiplow-powerapplicationsPIC.Onelow-powerdesignmethodologyTomakethesystemworkinthelow-powerstate,mustbeproperlysetupsingle-chipconfigurationandwork.ThefollowingcombinationofthemostcommonlyusedPIC12,PIC16,etc.IntroduceSingle-chiplow-powersystemdesign.1.1ThebasicdesignmethodHavemuchtechnologycanreducesystempowerconsumption,themostcommonlyusedareSleepmode.ProceduresfortheenforcementofaSLEEPinstruction,thenenteredadormant(Sleep)mode.ToSleepmode,thecrystaloscillationtostop,atwhichpointsingle-chipmicrocomputerinthe3Vpowersupplyconditions,only1Aofcurrent.Systemwork,canbeusedsingle-chipwatchdogorexternaleventsperiodicallywake-upsingle-chip,theelectronicswitchtoprovidepowerforthesystemtoreducesystemstandbypowerconsumption,extendbatterylife.Single-chipoperatingfrequencyandpowerconsumptionisalsoagreatrelationship,thehigherthefrequency,thegreaterthepowerconsumption.Using32kHzcrystaloscillator,3Vvoltagejob,PIC12,PIC16MCUandothertypicaloperatingcurrentofonly15A；using4MHzcrystal,5Voperatingvoltage,thetypicalsingle-chipcurrentjobtomeetafewmA.Lowpowerconsumptioninmanyoccasions,theuseoflow-speedlow-powercrystaloscillatorimplementationveryeffective.Ifusingsingle-chipRCoscillation,butalsothroughtheI/Oportoperationtochangetheoscillationresistor,thuschangingthesingle-chipoperatingfrequency,toachievethepurposeofenergysaving.AsshowninFigure1,anI/OpinscanbeinthewaitstatewillberemovedparallelresistorR1toreducethesingle-chipoperatingfrequency.WhenSinglechipnecessaryworkcanbeI/Opinissettooutputandoutputhigh,therebyenhancingtheoscillationfrequency.1.2OscillationCircuitDesignInsingle-chipsystemdesign,theoscillatorcircuitisdesignedtobeaveryimportantaspect.PICMCUtypicaloscillationcircuitshowninFigure2.Undernormalcircumstances,thedesignstaffinaccordancewiththemanufacturersgiveachoiceoftheparametertable.Ifthesystemcanworkproperly,itwillnolongerbeimproved.Infact,thisisnotappropriate.SinceMicrochipmicrocontrolleraccordingtothemodelandversionofthedifferentjobintheDCvoltagerangeof2.55.5V,theautomotive-gradetemperaturecanbeintherangeof-40-125,andtheparametersofthetablegiveonlyalimitednumberkindsofsituations,theactualenvironmentalparametersontheperformanceofoscillatorcircuithaveahugeimpact.Suchashightemperature,lowvoltagecanreducetheoscillationloopgain,whiletheoscillationfrequencyfromthelowerormoredifficulttostart；lowtemperature,high-voltageloopgaincanbecomelarger,sothatcrystal-offdrive,resultinginthepotentialriskofdamageoroscillationcircuitTheincreasedfrequencyofhighharmonics,andincreasesystempowerconsumption.Therefore,howtocorrecttheoscillatorcircuitdesignsystemisnecessary.ForPICMCU,thegeneraldesignstepsareasfollows:Selectcrystal.Accordingtothesystemsoscillationfrequencyrequiredforcrystalchoices.Inaddition,theworkofcrystaltemperatureandfrequencystabilityisalsoveryimportantindicators.Selectthetypeofoscillator.PICMCUhasRC,LP,XT,HS,suchasoscillationmodes.InadditiontoRCmode,theoscillationmodestochooseisinfactthechoiceofloopgain.Lowgaincorrespondstoalowoscillationfrequency,high-gaincorrespondstothehighoscillationfrequency.Generallyrequiredinaccordancewiththeactualoperatingfrequencycanbeselectedreferencemanual.SelectC1,C2.Ideally,thesystemathightemperatureandtheminimumoperatingvoltageofthenormalworkcanmakecapacitanceinthedatamanualrecommendtheframeworkofthesmallest.Atthesametime,chooseC2thanC1largerphaseshifttoincreasesothatitisconducivetotheoscillatorcircuitofelectricstart.SelectRs.IntheaboveparametershavebeenselectedtodecidethesizeofRs.Easywayistoletthesystemworkintheminimumtemperatureandmaximumvoltagecircumstances,shouldbereceivedatthistimearethemaximumoutputrateoftheclockcircuit.OscilloscopeobservationOSC2pinwiththeoutputwaveform(Notethattheoscilloscopeprobewillintroduceacapacitancecircuit,typicallyafewpF),Ifitisfoundthatthepeaksinewave(receiverVdd)andValley(VssreceivingOffice)was削平orpressureflatondriveroverload,OSC2andC2needtoaddaresistorbetweenRs,generallyaround1korlessthan1k.Rsnotbetoobig,toogeneralmakestheinputandoutputarisingfromtheisolation,resultinginlargernoise.WhentheyfindalargerRsrequiredtoremoveover-driven,theloadcapacitanceC2canbeincreasedtocompensate.C2generallychoosebetweenthe1533pF.Oscillatorcircuitdesignsystemofsystemstability,powerconsumption,suchasagreatinfluence.Undernormalcircumstances,thesystemwake-upcallfromtheSleepstate,theoscillatorcircuitthemostdifficulttostart(especiallythesystemathightemperature,lowpressure,low-frequencycase).Atthispoint,theresistorRsisconducivetostart-uposcillatorcircuit,becauseofcheapcarbonfilmresistorspronetowhitenoise,thushelpingstart-upcircuit.Inaddition,thechoiceofC2toC1inordertoincreaseslightlylargerphaseshift,butalsoconducivetostart-upcircuit.2examplesofspecificapplications2.1SystemdiagramofthecompositionandSystemismainlycomposedPICmicrocontroller,dualaudiodecodingcircuitdialing,voiceintegratedcircuits,interfacecircuits,Vccpowercontrolcircuit,RFcircuitandEEPROM,whichcanbecompletedonthehomeappliancecontrolandvoiceinformationtothepoliceforhelpautomatictransmission,asshowninFigure3.2.2controllerworkingmethods*Whenthestringwiththecontrollerheardthephone(hereinafterreferredtoasthelocalmachine)ispickingmachine,thetelephonelineinputvoltagechange,causedby2feetCD40106thechangeinoutputlevel,inputtotheCPUportsofRb0generateaninterruptsignal,wake-upCPU,controllertoentertheworkingstate.Dialingthroughthelocaldiskonthecontrollertocontrolvariousfunctions.ControlsuchasTV,audio,lightingandotherelectricalpowerswitching.*Whenthecontrollersreceivetheringingsignal,CD401064-pinoutputlevelchangesintheCPUinputportRB6generateaninterruptsignaltowakeupCPUaccesstojobstatus,andringingsignalcount；achievesetringingafterafewsothatthestateofthecontrollertoenterthetelephonereceiverandbegantoreceivelong-distancetransmissionDTMFsignalbythesignaldemodulationMT8880throughtheIRQinterruptsignalsenttothesingle-chipdataintotheregisterbytheCPUtooperatethevario