翻译-长春百家商务宾馆建筑、结构、施工设计

CHANGCHUNINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGYDESIGNANDEXECUTIONOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONFOREARTHWORKS土方工程的地基勘察与施工资料来源FROMGOOGLESCHOLAR设计题目长春百家商务宾馆建筑、结构、施工设计学生姓名学院名称长春工程学院专业名称土木专业班级名称土木0744学号指导教师教师职称讲师完成时间2011年4月4日2011年4月4日ABSTRACTTHEDESIGNANDEXECUTIONOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONWORKSFOREARTHWORKPROJECTSHASBECOMEINCREASINGLYIMPORTANTASTHEAVAILABILITYOFSUITABLEDISPOSALAREASBECOMESLIMITEDANDCOSTSOFIMPORTINGENGINEERINGFILLINCREASEANOUTLINEOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONMETHODSWHICHCANAUGMENTTRADITIONALINVESTIGATIONMETHODSPARTICULARLYFORGLACIALTILL/BOULDERCLAYSOILSISPRESENTEDTHEISSUEOFGEOTECHNICALCERTIFICATIONISRAISEDANDRECOMMENDATIONSOUTLINEDONITSMERITSFORINCORPORATIONWITHGROUNDINVESTIGATIONSANDEARTHWORKS1INTRODUCTIONTHEINVESTIGATIONANDREUSEEVALUATIONOFMANYIRISHBOULDERCLAYSOILSPRESENTSDIFFICULTIESFORBOTHTHEGEOTECHNICALENGINEERANDTHEROADDESIGNENGINEERTHESEGLACIALTILLORBOULDERCLAYSOILSAREMAINLYOFLOWPLASTICITYANDHAVEPARTICLESIZESRANGINGFROMCLAYTOBOULDERSMOSTOFOURBOULDERCLAYSOILSCONTAINVARYINGPROPORTIONSOFSAND,GRAVEL,COBBLESANDBOULDERSINACLAYORSILTMATRIXTHEAMOUNTOFFINESGOVERNSTHEIRBEHAVIOURANDTHESILTCONTENTMAKESITVERYWEATHERSUSCEPTIBLEMOISTURECONTENTSCANBEHIGHLYVARIABLERANGINGFROMASLOWAS7FORTHEHARDGREYBLACKDUBLINBOULDERCLAYUPTO2025FORMIDLAND,SOUTHWESTANDNORTHWESTLIGHTGREYBOULDERCLAYDEPOSITSTHEABILITYOFBOULDERCLAYSOILSTOTAKEINFREEWATERISWELLESTABLISHEDANDPOORPLANNINGOFEARTHWORKSOFTENAMPLIFIESTHISTHEFINESOILCONSTITUENTSAREGENERALLYSENSITIVETOSMALLINCREASESINMOISTURECONTENTWHICHOFTENLEADTOLOSSINSTRENGTHANDRENDERTHESOILSUNSUITABLEFORREUSEASENGINEERINGFILLMANYOFOURBOULDERCLAYSOILSESPECIALLYTHOSEWITHINTERMEDIATETYPESILTSANDFINESANDMATRIXHAVEBEENREJECTEDATTHESELECTIONSTAGE,BUTGOODPLANNINGSHOWSTHATTHEYCANINFACTFULFILSPECIFICATIONREQUIREMENTSINTERMSOFCOMPACTIONANDSTRENGTHTHESELECTIONPROCESSSHOULDAIMTOMAXIMISETHEUSEOFLOCALLYAVAILABLESOILSANDWITHCAREFULEVALUATIONITISPOSSIBLETOUSEORINCORPORATEPOORORMARGINALSOILSWITHINFILLAREASANDEMBANKMENTSFILLMATERIALNEEDSTOBEPLACEDATAMOISTURECONTENTSUCHTHATITISNEITHERTOOWETTOBESTABLEANDTRAFFICABLEORTOODRYTOBEPROPERLYCOMPACTEDHIGHMOISTURECONTENT/LOWSTRENGTHBOULDERCLAYSOILSCANBESUITABLEFORUSEASFILLINLOWHEIGHTEMBANKMENTSIE2TO25MBUTNOTSUITABLEFORTRAFFICKINGBYEARTHWORKPLANTWITHOUTUSINGAGEOTEXTILESEPARATORANDGRANULARFILLCAPPINGLAYERHENCE,ITISVITALTHATTHEEARTHWORKSCONTRACTORFULLYUNDERSTANDSTHEHANDLINGPROPERTIESOFTHESOILS,ASFORMANYPROJECTSTHISISEFFECTIVELYGOVERNEDBYTHETRAFFICABILITYOFEARTHMOVINGEQUIPMENT2TRADITIONALGROUNDINVESTIGATIONMETHODSFORROADPROJECTS,APRINCIPALAIMOFTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONISTOCLASSIFYTHESUITABILITYOFTHESOILSINACCORDANCEWITHTABLE61FROMSERIES600OFTHENRASPECIFICATIONFORROADWORKSSRW,MARCH2000THEMAJORITYOFCURRENTGROUNDINVESTIGATIONSFORROADWORKSINCLUDESACOMBINATIONOFTHEFOLLOWINGTOGIVETHEREQUIREDGEOTECHNICALDATATRIALPITSCABLEPERCUSSIONBOREHOLESDYNAMICPROBINGROTARYCOREDRILLINGINSITUTESTINGSPT,VARIABLEHEADPERMEABILITYTESTS,GEOPHYSICALETCLABORATORYTESTINGTHEIMPORTANCEOFPHASINGTHEFIELDWORKOPERATIONSCANNOTBEOVERSTRESSED,PARTICULARLYWHENASSESSINGSOILSUITABILITYFROMDEEPCUTAREASCABLEPERCUSSIONBOREHOLESARENORMALLYSUNKTOADESIREDDEPTHORREFUSALWITHDISTURBEDANDUNDISTURBEDSAMPLESRECOVEREDAT100MINTERVALSORCHANGEOFSTRATAINMANYINSTANCES,CABLEPERCUSSIONBORINGISUNABLETOPENETRATETHROUGHVERYSTIFF,HARDBOULDERCLAYSOILSDUETOCOBBLE,BOULDEROBSTRUCTIONSSAMPLEDISTURBANCEINBOREHOLESSHOULDBEPREVENTEDANDLOSSOFFINESISCOMMON,INVARIABLYTHISLEADSTOINACCURATECLASSIFICATIONTRIALPITSARECONSIDEREDMOREAPPROPRIATEFORRECOVERINGAPPROPRIATESIZESAMPLESANDFOROBSERVINGTHEPROPORTIONOFCLASTSTOMATRIXANDSIZESOFCOBBLES,BOULDERSDETAILEDANDACCURATEFIELDDESCRIPTIONSARETHEREFOREVITALFORCUTAREASANDTRIALPITSPROVIDEANOPPORTUNITYTOEXAMINETHESOILSONALARGERSCALETHANBOREHOLESTRIALPITSALSOPROVIDEANINSIGHTONTRENCHSTABILITYANDTOOBSERVEWATERINGRESSANDITSEFFECTSASUITABLYEXPERIENCEDGEOTECHNICALENGINEERORENGINEERINGGEOLOGISTSHOULDSUPERVISETHETRIALPITTINGWORKSANDRECOVERYOFSAMPLESTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHESOILSDURINGTRIALPITEXCAVATIONSHOULDBECLOSELYOBSERVEDASTHISPROVIDESINFORMATIONONSOILSENSITIVITY,ESPECIALLYIFWATERFROMGRANULARZONESMIGRATESINTOTHEFINEMATRIXMATERIALVERYOFTEN,THECONDITIONOFSOILONTHESIDESOFANEXCAVATIONPROVIDESAMOREACCURATEASSESSMENTOFITSINSITUCONDITION3SOILCLASSIFICATIONSOILDESCRIPTIONANDCLASSIFICATIONSHOULDBEUNDERTAKENINACCORDANCEWITHBS59301999ANDTESTEDINACCORDANCEWITHBS13771990THEENGINEERINGDESCRIPTIONOFASOILISBASEDONITSPARTICLESIZEGRADING,SUPPLEMENTEDBYPLASTICITYFORFINESOILSFORMANYOFOURGLACIALTILL,BOULDERCLAYSOILSIEMIXEDSOILSDIFFICULTIESARISEWITHDESCRIPTIONSANDASSESSINGENGINEERINGPERFORMANCETESTSASOUTLINEDPREVIOUSLY,IRISHBOULDERCLAYSUSUALLYCOMPRISEHIGHLYVARIABLEPROPORTIONSOFSANDS,GRAVELSANDCOBBLESINASILTORCLAYMATRIXLOWPLASTICITYSOILSWITHFINESCONTENTSOFAROUND10TO15OFTENPRESENTTHEMOSTDIFFICULTIESBS59301999NOWRECOGNISESTHESEDIFFICULTIESINDESCRIBINGMIXEDSOILSTHEFINESOILCONSTITUENTSWHICHGOVERNTHEENGINEERINGBEHAVIOURNOWTAKESPRIORITYOVERPARTICLESIZEAKEYPARAMETERWHICHISOFTENUNDERESTIMATEDINCLASSIFYINGANDUNDERSTANDINGTHESESOILSISPERMEABILITYKINSPECTIONOFTHEPARTICLESIZEGRADINGSWILLINDICATEMAGNITUDEOFPERMEABILITYWHEREPOSSIBLE,TRIAXIALCELLTESTSSHOULDBECARRIEDOUTONEITHERUNDISTURBEDSAMPLESU100SORGOODQUALITYCORESAMPLESTOEVALUATETHEDRAINAGECHARACTERISTICSOFTHESOILSACCURATELYLOWPLASTICITYBOULDERCLAYSOILSOFINTERMEDIATEPERMEABILITYIEKOFTHEORDEROF105TO107M/SCANOFTENBECONDITIONEDBYDRAINAGEMEASURESTHISUSUALLYENTAILSTHEINSTALLATIONOFPERIMETERDRAINSANDSUMPSATCUTAREASORBORROWPITSSOASTOREDUCETHEMOISTURECONTENTHENCE,WITHSMALLREDUCTIONINMOISTURECONTENT,DIFFICULTGLACIALTILLSOILSCANBECOMESUITABLEASENGINEERINGFILL4ENGINEERINGPERFORMANCETESTINGOFSOILSLABORATORYTESTINGISVERYMUCHDICTATEDBYTHEPROPOSEDENDUSEFORTHESOILSTHEENGINEERINGPARAMETERSSETOUTINTABLE61PFTHENRASRWINCLUDEACOMBINATIONOFTHEFOLLOWINGMOISTURECONTENTPARTICLESIZEGRADINGPLASTICLIMITCBRCOMPACTIONRELATINGTOOPTIMUMMCREMOULDEDUNDRAINEDSHEARSTRENGTHANUMBEROFKEYFACTORSSHOULDBEBORNEINMINDWHENSCHEDULINGLABORATORYTESTINGCOMPACTION/CBR/MCVTESTSARECARRIEDOUTON20MMSIZEMATERIALMOISTURECONTENTVALUESSHOULDRELATETO20MMSIZEMATERIALTOPROVIDEAVALIDCOMPARISONPOREPRESSURESARENOTTAKENINTOACCOUNTDURINGCOMPACTIONANDMAYVARYCONSIDERABLYBETWEENLABORATORYANDFIELDPREPARATIONMETHODSFORSOILTESTINGMUSTBECLEARLYSTIPULATEDANDAGREEDWITHTHEDESIGNATEDLABORATORYGREATCAREMUSTBETAKENWHENDETERMININGMOISTURECONTENTOFBOULDERCLAYSOILSIDEALLY,THEMOISTURECONTENTSHOULDBERELATEDTOTHEPARTICLESIZEANDHAVEACORRESPONDINGGRADINGANALYSISFORDIRECTCOMPARISON,ALTHOUGHTHISISNOTALWAYSPRACTICALINTHEMAJORITYOFCASES,THEMCVWHENUSEDWITHCOMPACTIONDATAISCONSIDEREDTOOFFERTHEBESTMETHODOFESTABLISHINGANDCHECKINGTHESUITABILITYCHARACTERISTICSOFABOULDERCLAYSOILMCVTESTINGDURINGTRIALPITTINGISSTRONGLYRECOMMENDEDASITPROVIDESARAPIDASSESSMENTOFTHESOILSUITABILITYDIRECTLYAFTEREXCAVATIONMCVCALIBRATIONCANTHENBECARRIEDOUTINTHELABORATORYATVARIOUSMOISTURECONTENTINCREMENTSSAMPLEDISTURBANCECANOCCURDURINGTRANSPORTATIONTOTHELABORATORYANDTHISCANHAVEASIGNIFICANTIMPACTONTHERESULTANTMCVSIGSLHASFOUNDLARGEDISCREPANCIESWHENPERFORMINGMCVSINTHEFIELDONLOWPLASTICITYBOULDERCLAYSWITHTHOSECARRIEDOUTLATERINTHELABORATORY2TO7DAYSMANYOFTHEAFOREMENTIONEDLOWPLASTICITYBOULDERCLAYSOILSEXHIBITTIMEDEPENDANTBEHAVIOURWITHSIGNIFICANTLYDIFFERENTMCVSRECORDEDATALATERDATEINCREASEDVALUESCANBEDUETOTHEDRAINAGEOFTHEMATERIALFOLLOWINGSAMPLING,TRANSPORTATIONANDSTORAGEWHILEDILATANCYANDMIGRATIONOFWATERFROMGRANULARLENSESCANLEADTODETERIORATIONANDLOWERVALUESTHISTYPEOFINFORMATIONISIMPORTANTTOBOTHTHEDESIGNERANDEARTHWORKSCONTRACTORASITPROVIDESANOPPORTUNITYTOUNDERSTANDTHEPROPERTIESOFTHESOILSWHENTESTEDASOUTLINEDABOVEITCANALSOILLUSTRATETHEADVANTAGESOFPREDRAININGINSOMEINSTANCESWITHMIXEDSOILS,FACEEXCAVATIONMAYBENECESSARYTOACCELERATEDRAINAGEWORKSCBRTESTINGOFBOULDERCLAYSOILSALSONEEDSCAREFULCONSIDERATION,MAINLYWITHTHEPREPARATIONMETHODEMPLOYEDDESIGNENGINEERSNEEDTOBEAWAREOFTHIS,ASITCANHAVEANORDEROFMAGNITUDEDIFFERENCEINRESULTSSTATICCOMPACTIONOFBOULDERCLAYSOILSISADVISEDASCOMPACTIONWITHTHE25OR45KGRAMMEROFTENLEADSTOHIGHEXCESSPOREPRESSURESBEINGGENERATEDHENCEVERYLOWCBRVALUESCANRESULTALSO,CURINGOFCOMPACTEDBOULDERCLAYSAMPLESISIMPORTANTASTHISALLOWSEXCESSPOREWATERPRESSURESTODISSIPATE5ENGINEERINGCLASSIFICATIONOFSOILSINACCORDANCEWITHTHENRASRW,GENERALCOHESIVEFILLISCATEGORISEDINTABLE61ASFOLLOWS2AWETCOHESIVE2BDRYCOHESIVE2CSTONYCOHESIVE2DSILTYCOHESIVETHEMATERIALPROPERTIESREQUIREDFORACCEPTABILITYAREGIVENANDTHEDESIGNENGINEERTHENDETERMINESTHEUPPERANDLOWERBOUNDLIMITSONTHEBASISOFTHELABORATORYCLASSIFICATIONANDENGINEERINGPERFORMANCETESTSIRISHBOULDERCLAYSOILSAREPREDOMINANTLYCLASS2CCLAUSE612OFTHESRWSETSOUTCOMPACTIONMETHODSTWOPROCEDURESAREAVAILABLEMETHODCOMPACTIONENDPRODUCTCOMPACTIONENDPRODUCTCOMPACTIONISCONSIDEREDMOREPRACTICAL,ESPECIALLYWHENGOODCOMPACTIONCONTROLDATABECOMESAVAILABLEDURINGTHEEARLYSTAGESOFANEARTHWORKSCONTRACTAMINIMUMTARGETDRYDENSITYTDDISCONSIDEREDVERYUSEFULFORTHECONTRACTORTOWORKWITHASAMEANSOFCHECKINGCOMPACTIONQUALITYONCETHEMATERIALHASBEENAPPROVEDANDMEETSTHEACCEPTABILITYLIMITS,THENINSITUDENSITYCANBEMEASURED,PREFERABLYBYNUCLEARGAUGEORSANDREPLACEMENTTESTSWHERETHESTONECONTENTISLOWASPLACINGANDCOMPACTIONOFTHEFILLPROGRESSES,THEINSITUTDDCANBECHECKEDANDNONCONFORMINGAREASQUICKLYRECOGNISEDANDCORRECTIVEACTIONTAKENTHISPROCESSREQUIRESTHEDESIGNENGINEERTOREVIEWTHEFIELDDENSITIESWITHTHELABORATORYCOMPACTIONPLOTSANDEVALUATEACTUALWITHTHEORETICALDENSITIES6SUPPLEMENTARYGROUNDINVESTIGATIONMETHODSFOREARTHWORKSTHEMORETRADITIONALMETHODSANDPROCEDURESHAVEBEENOUTLINEDINSECTION2THEFOLLOWINGAREEXAMPLESOFMETHODSWHICHAREBELIEVEDTOENHANCEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONWORKSFORROADPROJECTSPHASINGTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONWORKS,PARTICULARLYTHELABORATORYTESTINGEXCAVATIONSAMPLINGINDEEPTRIALPITSLARGEDIAMETERHIGHQUALITYROTARYCOREDRILLINGUSINGAIRMISTORPOLYMERGELTECHNIQUESSMALLSCALECOMPACTIONTRIALSONPOTENTIALLYSUITABLECUTMATERIAL61PHASINGPHASINGGROUNDINVESTIGATIONWORKSFORMANYLARGEPROJECTSHASBEENADVOCATEDFORMANYYEARSTHISISPARTICULARLYTRUEFORROADPROJECTSWHERESIGNIFICANTAMOUNTSOFGEOTECHNICALDATABECOMESAVAILABLEOVERASHORTPERIODONTHEMAJORITYOFLARGEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONPROJECTSNOPERIODISLEFTTODIGESTORREVIEWTHEPRELIMINARYFINDINGSANDREAPPRAISETHESUITABILITYOFTHEMETHODSWITHREGARDTOSOILLABORATORYTESTING,LARGETESTINGSCHEDULESAREOFTENPREPAREDWITHNOREALCONSIDERATIONGIVENTOTHEIRENDUSEINMANYCASES,THESCHEDULEISPREPAREDBYAJUNIORENGINEERWHILETHESENIORDESIGNENGINEERWHOWILLPROBABLYDESIGNTHEEARTHWORKSWILLHAVENOREALINVOLVEMENTITISHIGHLIGHTEDTHATTHEENGINEERINGPERFORMANCETESTSAREEXPENSIVEANDOFLONGDURATIONEG5POINTCOMPACTIONWITHCBRMCVATEACHPOINTTAKESINEXCESSOFTWOWEEKSWHENCLASSIFICATIONTESTSMOISTURECONTENTS,PARTICLESIZEANALYSISANDATTERBERGLIMITSARECOMPLETEDTHENAMOREINCISIVEEVALUATIONCANBECARRIEDOUTONTHEDATAANDTHEENGINEERINGPERFORMANCETESTSSCHEDULEDIFMCVSAREPERFORMEDDURINGTRIALPITTINGTHENAGOODASSESSMENTOFTHESOILSUITABILITYCANBEIMMEDIATELYOBTAINED62DEEPTRIALPITSTHEEXCAVATIONOFDEEPTRIALPITSISOFTENPERCEIVEDASCUMBERSOMEANDDIFFICULTANDTHEREFORENOTCONSIDEREDAPPROPRIATEBYDESIGNENGINEERSEXCAVATIONOFDEEPTRIALPITSINBOULDERCLAYSOILSTODEPTHSOFUPTO12MISFEASIBLEUSINGBENCHINGTECHNIQUESANDSUMPPUMPINGOFGROUNDWATERINRECENTYEARS,IGSLHASUNDERTAKENSUCHDEEPTRIALPITSONSEVERALLARGEROADGROUNDINVESTIGATIONPROJECTSTHEDATAOBTAINEDFROMTHESEHASCERTAINLYENHANCEDTHEGEOTECHNICALDATAANDPROVIDEDABETTERUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEBULKPROPERTIESOFTHESOILSITISRECOMMENDEDTHATTHISWORKBECARRIEDOUTFOLLOWINGCOMPLETIONOFTHECABLEPERCUSSIONBOREHOLESANDROTARYCOREDRILLHOLESTHEGROUNDWATERREGIMEWITHINTHECUTAREAWILLPLAYANIMPORTANTROLEINGOVERNINGTHEFEASIBILITYOFEXCAVATINGDEEPTRIALPITSTHEINSTALLATIONOFSTANDPIPESANDPIEZOMETERSWILLGREATLYASSISTTHEUNDERSTANDINGOFTHEGROUNDWATERCONDITIONS,HENCETHEPURPOSEOFUNDERTAKINGTHISWORKLATEONINTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONPROGRAMMELARGEREPRESENTATIVESAMPLESCANBEOBTAINEDUSINGTRENCHBOXANDINSITUSHEARSTRENGTHMEASUREDONBLOCKSAMPLESTHESTABILITYOFTHEPITSIDEWALLSANDGROUNDWATERCONDITIONSCANALSOBEESTABLISHEDANDCOMPAREDWITHLEVELSINNEARBYBOREHOLESTANDPIPESORPIEZOMETERSOVERAPROMINENTCUTAREAOFSAY500M,THREEDEEPTRIALPITSCANPROVEINVALUABLEANDTHESPOILMATERIALALSOUSEDTOCARRYOUTSMALLSCALECOMPACTIONTRIALSFROMAVALUEENGINEERINGPERSPECTIVE,THECOSTOFEXCAVATINGANDREINSTATINGTHESEEXCAVATIONSCANBEEASILYRECOVEREDAPROVISIONALSUMCANBEALLOCATEDINTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONANDUSEDFORTHISWORK63HIGHQUALITYLARGEDIAMETERROTARYCOREDRILLINGTHISSYSTEMENTAILSTHEUSEOFLARGEDIAMETERROTARYCOREDRILLINGTECHNIQUESUSINGAIRMISTORPOLYMERGELFLUSHTRIPLETUBECOREDRILLINGISCARRIEDOUTTHROUGHTHEOVERBURDENSOILSWITHTHERECOVEREDMATERIALHELDINAPLASTICCORELINERCORERECOVERYINLOWPLASTICITYBOULDERCLAYHASBEENSHOWNTOBEEXTREMELYGOODTYPICALLYINEXCESSOF90THEHIGHCORERECOVERYPERMITSDETAILEDENGINEERINGGEOLOGICALLOGGINGANDPROVISIONOFSAMPLESFORLABORATORYTESTINGINDRUMLINAREAS,SUCHASTHOSEAROUNDCAVANANDMONAGHAN,IGSLHASFOUNDTHEUSEOFLARGEDIAMETERPOLYMERGELROTARYCOREDRILLINGTOBEVERYSUCCESSFULINRECOVERINGVERYSTIFF/HARDBOULDERCLAYSOILSFORDEEPROADCUTAREASWHERECABLEPERCUSSIONBOREHOLESANDTRIALPITSHAVEFAILEDTOPENETRATEINSITUTESTINGVANES,SPTSETCCANALSOBECARRIEDOUTWITHINTHEDRILLHOLETOESTABLISHSTRENGTHANDBEARINGCAPACITYOFDISCRETEHORIZONSLARGEDIAMETERROTARYDRILLINGCOSTSUSINGTHEAFOREMENTIONEDSYSTEMSARETYPICALLY50TO60GREATERTHANCONVENTIONALHQCORESIZE,BUTAGAINFROMAVALUEENGINEERINGASPECTCANPROVEMUCHMOREWORTHWHILEDUETOTHEQUALITYOFGEOTECHNICALINFORMATIONOBTAINED64SMALLSCALECOMPACTIONTRIALSTHEUNDERTAKINGOFSMALLSCALECOMPACTIONTRIALSDURINGTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONPROGRAMMEISSTRONGLYADVISED,PARTICULARLYWHEREMARGINALLYSUITABLESOILSAREPRESENTINPROMINENTCUTAREASINADDITIONTOVALIDATINGTHELABORATORYTESTDATA,THEYENABLEMOREREALISTICPLANNINGOFTHEEARTHWORKSANDCANPROVIDECONSIDERABLECOSTSAVINGSTHECOMPACTIONTRIALCANPROVIDETHEFOLLOWINGACHIEVABLEFIELDDENSITY,REMOULDEDSHEARSTRENGTHANDCBRESTABLISHINGOPTIMUMLAYERTHICKNESSANDNUMBEROFROLLERPASSESRESPONSEOFSOILDURINGCOMPACTIONSTATICVDYNAMICMONITORTRAFFICABILITYDEGREEOFRUTTINGATYPICALSIZETESTPADWOULDBEAPPROXIMATELY20X10MINPLANAREAANDUPTO15MINTHICKNESSTHESELECTEDAREASHOULDBECLOSETOTHECUTAREAORBORROWPITANDHAVEADEQUATEROOMFORSTOCKPILINGOFMATERIALEARTHWORKPLANTWOULDNORMALLYENTAILATRACKEDEXCAVATORCAT320OREQUIVALENT,25TDUMPTRUCK,D6DOZERANDEITHERATOWEDORSELFPROPELLEDROLLERINSITUDENSITYMEASUREMENTONTHECOMPACTEDFILLBYNUCLEARGAUGEMETHODISRECOMMENDEDASTHISFACILITATESRAPIDMEASUREMENTOFMOISTURECONTENTS,DRYANDBULKDENSITIESITALSOENABLESALARGESUITEOFDATATOBEGENERATEDFROMTHECOMPACTEDFILLANDTOASSESSTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENDEGREEOFCOMPACTION,LAYERTHICKNESSANDNUMBEROFROLLERPASSESBOTHDISTURBEDANDUNDISTURBEDU100SAMPLESOFTHECOMPACTEDFILLCANBETAKENFORLABORATORYTESTINGANDVALIDATIONCHECKSMADEWITHTHEFIELDDATAPARTICULARLYMOISTURECONTENTSIGSLSEXPERIENCEISTHATWITHGOODPLANNINGASMALLSCALECOMPACTIONTRIALTAKESTWOWORKINGDAYSTOCOMPLETE7SUPERVISIONOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONPROJECTSCLOSEINTERACTIONANDMUTUALRESPECTBETWEENTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONCONTRACTORANDTHECONSULTINGENGINEERISCONSIDEREDVITALTOTHESUCCESSOFLARGEROADINVESTIGATIONPROJECTSASENIORGEOTECHNICALENGINEERFROMEACHOFTHEAFOREMENTIONEDPARTIESSHOULDLIASECLOSELYSOTHATTHEDIRECTIONANDSCOPEOFTHEINVESTIGATIONCANBECHANGEDTOREFLECTTHESTRATIGRAPHYANDGROUNDCONDITIONSENCOUNTEREDTHENATUREOFLARGEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONPROJECTSMEANSTHATTHEREMUSTBEGOODCOMMUNICATIONANDFLEXIBILITYINAPPROACHTOOBTAININGDATABEPREPAREDTOCOMPROMISEASMETHODSANDPROCEDURESSPECIFIEDMAYNOTBEAPPROPRIATEANDSITECONDITIONSCANQUICKLYCHANGEFROMASUPERVISIONASPECTBOTHCONTRACTORANDCONSULTINGENGINEER,THEEMPHASISSHOULDBEONTHEQUALITYOFSITEBASEDGEOTECHNICALENGINEERS,ENGINEERINGGEOLOGISTSASOPPOSEDTOQUANTITYWHEREWORKISDUPLICATED8GEOTECHNICALCERTIFICATIONTHEDEPARTMENTOFTRANSPORTUKPREPAREDADOCUMENTHD22/92IN1992FORHIGHWAYSCHEMESTHISSETSOUTTHEPROCEDURESANDDOCUMENTATIONTOBEUSEDDURINGTHEPLANNINGANDREPORTINGOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONSANDCONSTRUCTIONOFEARTHWORKSROADPROJECTSINVOLVINGEARTHMOVINGACTIVITIESORCOMPLEXGEOTECHNICALFEATURESMUSTBECERTIFIEDBYTHEDESIGNORGANISATIONDOCONSULTINGENGINEERORAGENTAUTHORITYTHEPROFESSIONALRESPONSIBILITYFORTHEGEOTECHNICALWORKRESTSWITHTHEDOFORSUCHAPROJECT,THEDOMUSTNOMINATEACHARTEREDENGINEERWITHAPPROPRIATEGEOTECHNICALENGINEERINGEXPERIENCEHE/SHEISREFERREDTOASTHEGEOTECHNICALLIAISONENGINEERGLEANDISRESPONSIBLEFORALLGEOTECHNICALMATTERSINCLUDINGPREPARATIONOFPROCEDURALSTATEMENTS,REPORTSANDCERTIFICATESSECTION118OFHD22/92STATESTHAT“ONCOMPLETIONOFTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONWORKS,THEDOSHALLSUBMITAREPORTANDCERTIFICATECONTAININGALLTHEFACTUALRECORDSANDTESTRESULTSPRODUCEDBYTHESPECIALISTCONTRACTORTOGETHERWITHANINTERPRETATIVEREPORTPRODUCEDEITHERBYTHESPECIALISTCONTRACTORORDO”THEDOSHALLTHENPREPAREANEARTHWORKSDESIGNREPORTTHISREPORTISTHEDESIGNERSDETAILEDREPORTONHISINTERPRETATIONOFTHESITEINVESTIGATIONDATAANDDESIGNOFEARTHWORKSTHEEXTENTANDCLOSENESSOFTHELIAISONBETWEENTHEPROJECTMANAGERANDTHEGLEWILLVERYMUCHDEPENDONTHENATUREOFTHESCHEMEANDGEOTECHNICALCOMPLEXITIESDISCOVEREDASTHEINVESTIGATIONANDDESIGNPROCEEDAFTERTHEEARTHWORKSARECOMPLETED,AGEOTECHNICALFEEDBACKREPORTISREQUIREDANDISTOBEPREPAREDBYTHEDOTHISADDRESSESTHEGEOTECHNICALISSUESANDPROBLEMSENCOUNTEREDDURINGTHECONSTRUCTIONEARTHWORKSANDCORRECTIVEACTIONORMEASURESTAKENCERTIFICATESAREPREPAREDBYTHEDOTOSIGNOFFONTHEGEOTECHNICALMEASURESCARRIEDOUTEGUNSTABLESLOPES,KARSTFEATURES,DISUSED/ABANDONEDMINEWORKINGS,GROUNDIMPROVEMENTSYSTEMSEMPLOYED,ETC9CONCLUSIONSCLOSECOOPERATIONISNEEDEDBETWEENGROUNDINVESTIGATIONCONTRACTORSANDCONSULTINGENGINEERSTOENSURETHATTHEGEOTECHNICALINVESTIGATIONWORKFORTHEROADSNDPCANBESATISFACTORILYCARRIEDOUTMANYSOILSARETOOEASILYREJECTEDATSELECTION/DESIGNSTAGEITISHOPEDTHATTHEPROPOSEDMETHODSOUTLINEDINTHISPAPERWILLASSISTDESIGNENGINEERSDURINGSCOPINGANDSPECIFYINGOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONWORKSFORROADPROJECTSWITHMODERNINSTRUMENTATION,MONITORINGOFEARTHWORKSDURINGCONSTRUCTIONISVERYSTRAIGHTFORWARDPOREWATERPRESSURES,LATERALANDVERTICALMOVEMENTSCANBEEASILYMEASUREDANDPROVIDEIMPORTANTFEEDBACKONTHEPERFORMANCEOFTHEENGINEEREDSOILSPHASINGOFTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONWORKS,PARTICULARLYLABORATORYTESTINGISCONSIDEREDVITALSOTHATTHEDATACANBEPROPERLYEVALUATEDDISPOSALOFMARGINALSOILSWILLBECOMEINCREASINGLYDIFFICULTANDMOREEXPENSIVEASTHEWASTELICENSINGREGULATIONSARETIGHTENEDTHEADVENTOFLANDFILLTAXINTHEUKHASSEENTHOROUGHEXAMINATIONOFALLSOILSFORUSEINEARTHWORKSTHISISLIKELYTOPROVIDEASIMILARINCENTIVEANDCHALLENGETOGEOTECHNICALANDCIVILENGINEERS