机械外文翻译文献翻译模具的发展现状及发展趋势

DEVELOPMENTSITUATIONANDDEVELOPMENTTRENDOFDIE1DIEINTRODUCTIONMOLDISTHEBASISFORINDUSTRIALPRODUCTIONTECHNOLOGYANDEQUIPMENT,CONSENSUSHASBEENACHIEVEDMOULDPRODUCTIONTECHNOLOGYOFHIGHANDLOW,BECOMEANIMPORTANTSYMBOLOFNATIONALPRODUCTMANUFACTURINGLEVELS,TOALARGEEXTENTDETERMINETHEQUALITYOFPRODUCT,EFFICIENCY,ANDNEWPRODUCTDEVELOPMENTCAPABILITY,DETERMINEACOUNTRYSINTERNATIONALCOMPETITIVENESSINTHEMANUFACTURINGSECTORCHINASMOLDINDUSTRYWILLDEVELOPMENTTOLARGE,SOPHISTICATED,COMPLEX,HIGHEFFICIENCY,LONGLIFESPAN,ANDMULTIFUNCTIONALDIRECTIONPLASTICMOULDINDUSTRYWASDEVELOPEDALONGWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEPLASTICSINDUSTRYPLASTICSINDUSTRYISANEWINDUSTRYSINCETHEADVENTOFPLASTICSINCEDECADES,BECAUSEOFITSRICH,EASYTOMAKEANDLOWINCOSTOFRAWMATERIALS,PLASTICSINDUSTRYISDEVELOPINGRAPIDLY,INSOMEWAYS,ITHASBEENREPLACEDBYAVARIETYOFNONFERROUSMETALS,FERROUSMETALS,CEMENT,RUBBER,WOOD,LEATHER,CERAMICSANDGLASS,BECOMEINDISPENSABLEMATERIALSOFVARIOUSINDUSTRIALSECTORSMODERNANDCONTEMPORARYINDESIGNANDMANUFACTURINGOFPLASTICMOULDPLASTICISVERYCLOSELYRELATEDTOINDUSTRIALDEVELOPMENTWITHTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFTHEPLASTICSINDUSTRY,PLASTICMOULDINDUSTRYISRAPIDLYDEVELOPINGINOURCOUNTRY,WITHTHERAPIDDEVELOPMENTOFTHENATIONALECONOMY,DEVELOPMENTOFMOLDINDUSTRYISVERYQUICKLY2003YEARMOULDINDUSTRYSALES16203BILLION,OVERTHESAMEPERIODLASTYEARINCREASEDBY4157TOTALPROFITTO1285BILLION,OVERTHESAMEPERIODLASTYEARROSEBY9063CHINASMOULDINDUSTRYHASBEENRAPIDDEVELOPMENTFROMTHESCALEONTHEMOULDINDUSTRY,CHINAHASLEAPTTOTHIRDPLACEINTHEWORLD,SECONDONLYTOJAPANANDTHEUNITEDSTATESCANSAIDINCHINAHASBECAMEDIEPRODUCTIONPOWERS,HOWEVER,ONENTIREDIEINDUSTRY,LARGEANDMEDIUMSIZEDENTERPRISECOMPARISONLESS,SMALLENTERPRISEACCOUNTEDFORMOSTMEANWHILE,DOMESTICDIEINDUSTRYOFENTERPRISEEXISTSWITHVARIETYOFPROBLEMANDABROADRELATEDENTERPRISELEVELCOMPAREDTOSTILLHASISLARGEOFGAP,SODOMESTICENTERPRISEDOESNOTSHOULDBLINDOPTIMISTIC,ANDSHOULDEFFORTSDEVELOPMENT,ANDSTRONGSELF,TOSHOULDFROMPARTIESSURFACEOFCHALLENGEATTHESAMETIME,TOSEIZEDEVELOPMENTOPPORTUNITIES,ASTHEMOULDPRODUCTIONOFPOWERASSOONASPOSSIBLEMOLDISANIMPORTANTMANUFACTURINGBASEINCHINA,MOULDMANUFACTURINGISDEDICATEDDEVICECHINASTARTEDTOBUILDMOULDANDDIEVERYEARLY,BUTINTHELONGRUNDONOTFORMUNTIL20CENTURY80YEARSLATER,CHINAMOULDINDUSTRYINTOTHEFASTTRACKOFDEVELOPMENTINRECENTYEARS,NOTONLYTHESTATEOWNEDDEVELOPMENTOFMOULDENTERPRISESHASBEENGREATLY,FOREIGNFUNDEDENTERPRISES,TOWNSINDIVIDUALVERYRAPIDLYINTHEDEVELOPMENTOFMOULDENTERPRISESINCOMPLETESTATISTICSSHOWTHATNEARLY10YEARSTHECOUNTRYNOTINCLUDINGHONGKONG,MACAO,ANDTAIWANFIGURES,THESAMEBELOWMOLDPRODUCTIONANDIMPORTANDEXPORTDEVELOPMENTS,SUCHASTABLE1,TABLE2CHINAMOULDINDUSTRYPROFILESTABLE11995YEAROVERTHEDIEOUTPUTTABLEOFCHINAYEAR1995199619971998199920002001200220032004VALUEBILLIONSOFYUAN145160200220250280316360450530TABLESAREVISIBLE,ALTHOUGHCHINASMOULDINDUSTRYHASDEVELOPEDRAPIDLY,BUTCOMPAREDWITHTHEDEMAND,CLEARLYINSHORTSUPPLY,ITSMAJORGAPSFOCUSEDONPRECISION,LARGESCALE,COMPLEX,LONGLIFEAREASOFMOLDDUETOMOULDPRECISION,LONGLIFE,ANDPRODUCTIONCAPACITYOFTHEMANUFACTURINGCYCLE,CHINAANDTHEINTERNATIONALAVERAGE,ANDISSTILLABIGGAPBETWEENDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIES,THEREFORE,NEEDTOIMPORTEACHYEARDIE2DIEMATERIALDEPENDINGONTHEMOLDINGMETHODANDTOOLLIFECYCLETHATIS,NUMBEROFPRODUCTSMANUFACTUREDBYDIFFERENT,PLASTICMOLDINGTOMEETDIFFERENTNEEDS,MOLDSCANBEMADEFROMAVARIETYOFMATERIALS,ANDEVENCANMAKECOMPARISONOFSPECIALMATERIALSSUCHASPAPERANDGYPSUMHOWEVER,BECAUSEMOSTOFTHEMOLDINGPROCESSREQUIRESHIGHPRESSURES,USUALLYALSOHAVEHIGHTEMPERATURECONDITIONS,SOFARTHEMOSTIMPORTANTMATERIALOFMETAL,WHICHHAVETOPPEDMOSTOFTHETIME,MOULDMATERIALCHOICEISNOTONLYRELATEDTOTHEPERFORMANCEANDTHEBESTPRICE/PERFORMANCE,ALSOMOULDPROCESSINGMETHOD,OREVENTHEWHOLEDESIGNATYPICALEXAMPLEISAMETALCASTINGMOLDMATERIALSELECTION,COMPAREDWITHMACHINEDMOLDS,DIFFERENTMATERIALSFORMETALCASTINGMOLDCOOLINGSYSTEMTHEREISABIGDIFFERENCEINADDITION,DIFFERENTMANUFACTURINGMETHODSALSOCANHAVEASHADOWONTHECHOICEOFMATERIALTABLE21995YEAROVERTHESTENCILINCHINASINCEIMPORTANDEXPORTTABLESYEAR1995199619971998199920002001200220032004IMPORTSUSD811009179963000663488827497700111174127200136930181300EXPORTSUSD4941700094289591132801737418775252343368049100PRODUCTION,MANUFACTUREOFPROTOTYPETOOLINGISOFTENTHEUSEOFNEWTECHNOLOGIES,SUCHASCOMPUTERAIDEDDESIGNANDCOMPUTERINTEGRATEDMANUFACTURING,SOLIDPREPARATIONOFPROTOTYPEMOLDSCOMPAREDWITHTHEPREVIOUSMETHODBASEDONTHEMODELOF,CADANDCIMMETHODWILLBEMOREECONOMICAL,THISISBECAUSETHISTYPEOFMOULDMANUFACTURERSWILLBEABLETOMAKEITSELF,ANDOTHERTECHNOLOGIES,CANONLYBEPROCESSEDBYOUTSIDEVENDORSINSHORT,WHILETHEMOLDISOFTENUSEDINHIGHPERFORMANCEMATERIALS,BUTMOSTSTILLARETHOSEOFCONVENTIONALMATERIALSALMOSTCANNOTBEUSEDFORHIGHPERFORMANCEMATERIALSLIKECERAMICMOLDS,THISMAYBEBECAUSEOFITSADVANTAGESPERFORMANCESUCHASHIGHTEMPERATUREDOESNOTCHANGEISNOTNEEDEDINASTENCIL,ONTHECONTRARY,ASASINTEREDCERAMICMATERIAL,HASTHEDISADVANTAGEOFLOWTENSILESTRENGTHANDPOORHEATTRANSFER,APPLICATIONANDONLYASMALLAMOUNTOFMOLDPARTSUSEDHEREARENOTUSINGHOTPRESSPROCESSANDPRODUCTIONOFPOWDERMETALLURGY,BUTFIREDINTOTHEAIR,ANDAIRPERMEABILITYOFPARTSINMANYMOLDINGMETHODS,YOUMUSTUSETHETUNESACCORDINGTOONESOWNUNDERSTANDINGOFGASDISCHARGE,THE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