英语专业毕业论文-中西文化的称谓语差异

江西理工大学本科毕业论文如需要图纸等资料，联系QQ1961660126研究成果的严肃态度以及向读者提供有关信息的出处，正文之后一般应列出参考文献表引文应以原始文献和第一手资料为原则。所有引用别人的观点或文字，无论曾否发表，无论是纸质或电子版，都必须注明出处或加以注释。凡转引文献资料，应如实说明。对已有学术成果的介绍、评论、引用和注释，应力求客观、公允、准确。伪注、伪造、篡改文献和数据等，均属学术不端行为致谢一项科研成果或技术创新,往往不是独自一人可以完成的,还需要各方面的人力,财力,物力的支持和帮助因此,在许多论文的末尾都列有“致谢1著录参考文献可以反映论文作者的科学态度和论文具有真实、广泛的科学依据，也反映出该论文的起点和深度。2著录参考文献能方便地把论文作者的成果与前人的成果区别开来。3著录参考文献能起索引作用。4著录参考文献有利于节省论文篇幅。01BROWN,HDTEACHINGBYPRINCIPLESANINTERACTIVEAPPROACHTOLANGUAGEPEDAGOGYMPRENTICEHALLREGENTS,199402BROWN,JSETALSITUATEDCOGNITIONANDTHECULTUREOFLEARNINGJEDUCATIONALREASERCHER,1,198903CHRIS,DEDETHEEVOLUTIONOFCONSTRUCTIVISTLEARNINGENVIRONMENTSIMMERSIONINDISTRIBUTEDVIRTUALWORLDSJEDUCATIONALTECHNOLOGY,SEPTOCT,1995学位申请者如果能通过规定的课程考试，而论文的审查和答辩合格，那么就给予学位。如果说学位申请者的课程考试通过了，但论文在答辩时被评为不合格，那么就不会授予他学位。有资格申请学位并为申请学位所写的那篇毕业论文就称为学位论文，学士学位论文。学士学位论文既如需要图纸等资料，联系QQ1961660126是学位论文又是毕业论文中华人民共和国国家标准VDC00181、CB771387号文件给学术论文的定义为学术论文是某一学术课题在实验性、理论性或观测性上具有新的科学研究成果或创新见解的知识和科现象、制定新理论的一种手段，旧的科学理论就必然会不断地为新理论推翻。”（斯蒂芬梅森）因此，没有创造性，学术论文就没有科学价值。三、创造性学术论文在形式上是属于议论文的，但它与一般议论文不同，它必须是有自己的理论系统的，不能只是材料的罗列，应对大量的事实、材料进行分析、研究，使感性认识上升到理性认识。一般来说，学术论文具有论证色彩，或具有论辩色彩。论文的内容必须符合历史唯物主义和唯物辩证法，符合“实事求是”、“有的放矢”、“既分析又综合”的科学研究方法。一般普通刊物（省级、国家级）审核时间为一周，高质量的杂志，审核时间为1420天。核心期刊审核时间一般为4个月，须经过初审、复审、终审三道程序。3期刊的级别问题。国家没有对期刊进行级别划分。但各单位一般根据期刊的主管单位的级别来对期刊划为省级期刊和国家级期刊。省级期刊主管单位是省级单位。国家级期刊主管单位是国家部门或直属部门。如需要图纸等资料，联系QQ1961660126THEDIFFERENCESOFADDRESSFORMSINENGLISHANDCHINESEANDTHEIRCULTURECONNOTATION学院THEFACULTYOFFOREIGNSTUDY专业ENGLISH班级CLASS071学生姓名指导教师摘要称谓语是发话人用来称呼交际对方的用语，它是一种语言现象，但其功能远不仅如此。称谓语的使用，反应出特定的社会现象和文化内涵。中国拥有五千多年的悠久历史，中国发展至今，保留着大量的称谓语，这些称谓语都反应了一个时代的特征和文化内涵。如今，随着中国的对外开放以及加入WTO，中国与外界的联系也越来越密切、深入、广泛。同时，中国的现代化发展也使中国在国际上的地位日渐提高，影响力逐渐扩大，全世界开始关注中国，并开始研究和学习中国语言。然而英语仍然是世界通用语言，大多数的发达国家都是英语系国家，因此我们很有必要学习其先进的文化、知识和技术。本文通过收集、归纳中英称谓语，研究和学习中英称谓语的差异，分析其反映的文化内涵，从而达到学习双方文化的目的，利于双方文化交流沟通。关键词称谓语；差异；文化内涵ABSTRACTADDRESSFORMSARETHELANGUAGESUSEDBYTHESPEAKERSTOCALLTHEOTHERPEOPLEOFACONVERSATIONTHEYARETHEPHENOMENAOFLANGUAGE,BUTTHEYHAVEMUCHMOREFUNCTIONSADDRESSFORMSREFLECTTHEPARTICULARSOCIALPHENOMENONANDCULTURECONNOTATIONCHINAHASALONGHISTORYOFMORETHAN5000YEARSTILLNOW,THEREEXISTAGREATNUMBEROFADDRESSFORMSTHESEADDRESSFORMSALLREFLECTTHECHARACTERISTICSOFANAGEANDTHECULTURECONNOTATIONNOWADAYS,WITHTHECHINESEOPENINGTOTHEOUTSIDEANDJOININGINTOWTO,ITRELATESWITHTHEOUTSIDEWORLDMORECLOSELY,MOREDEEPLY,MORECOMPREHENSIVELY,ATTHEMEANTIME,THEDEVELOPMENTOFCHINESEMODERNIZATIONIMPROVESCHINESESTATUSGRADUALLYOVERTHEWORLD,ANDCHINESEINFLUENCESBECOMEWIDERALLTHECOUNTRIESOVERTHEWORLDSTARTTOPAYATTENTIONTOCHINA,ANDSTARTTOSTUDYANDLEARNCHINESELANGUAGEBUTENGLISHISSTILLTHECOMMONUSEDLANGUAGEOVERTHEWORLD,ANDTHELANGUAGEOFTHEMOSTDEVELOPEDCOUNTRIESISENGLISHSOITSQUITENECESSARYFORUSTOLEARNTHEIRADVANCEDCULTURES,KNOWLEDGE,TECHNOLOGIESTHISTHESISFOCUSONCOLLECTINGTHEADDRESSFORMSOFENGLISHANDCHINESE,STUDYINGANDLEARNINGTHEDIFFERENCES,ANDANALYZINGTHECULTURECONNOTATIONREFLECTEDINTHEMSOASTOREACHTHEGOALOFLEARNINGTHECULTURESOFBOTHSIDES,ANDMAKETHEEXCHANGINGANDCOMMUNICATIONSOFDIFFERENTCULTURESMORECONVENIENTLYKEYWORDSADDRESSFORMSDIFFERENCESCULTURECONNOTATIONCHAPTERIINTRODUCTIONLANGUAGEISACARRIEROFCULTURE,ANDITALSOREFLECTSONECOUNTRYSCULTURALCHARACTERISTICSADDRESSFORMISANELEMENTOFLANGUAGEANDAVERYIMPORTANTBASEOFCOMMUNICATIONITSPROPERUSEISTHEFOUNDATIONOFMAINTAININGPEOPLESCONVENIENTCOMMUNICATIONWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEWORLDANDTHERISINGOFCHINA,THECOMMUNICATIONSBETWEENTHECULTURESOFCHINAANDWESTERNCOUNTRIESBECOMEMOREANDMOREHOWTORESEARCHANDSTUDYTHEPROPERUSEOFADDRESSFORMSWILLPLAYANIMPORTANTROLEINTHECOMMUNICATIONSBETWEENTHECHINESECULTUREANDWESTERNCULTUREATPRESENT,LOTSOFEXPERTSANDSCHOLARSHAVESTUDIEDTHETOPICANDMANYBOOKSANDPAPERSHAVEWRITTENTHETOPIC,THESEWORKSAREMAINLYEMPHASIZINGONTHEADDRESSFORMSINCHINESEANDENGLISH,ANDTHEDIFFERENCESBETWEENTWOLANGUAGESTHESEWORKSARECOMPREHENSIVEANDTHEYHAVEACHIEVEDGREATSUCCESSESTHISTOPICINTHISTHESISAREBASEDONPREDECESSORSWORKS,ANDTHEPURPOSEOFWRITINGTHISTHESISISTORAISEMYOWNVIEWSANDIDEASONADDRESSFORMSBESIDESTHEPREDECESSORSWORKS,THISTHESISWILLALSORAISETHEGENERALIZATIONANDWESTERNIZATIONOFCHINESEFORMSTHEDEVELOPMENTOFSOCIETYBRINGSPEOPLENEWIDEAANDNEWMIND,ANDLOTSOFTRADITIONALADDRESSFORMSCHANGETHEIRORIGINALMEANINGSWITHTHETIMEGOINGALSO,WITHTHERAPIDPROCCEDINGOFINTERNETANDINFORMATIONTECH,ALOTOFNEWADDRESSFORMSHAVEBEENCREATEDANDUSEDINOURDAILYLIFEMEANWHILE,AFTERCHINASENTRYINTOWTO,CULTURESOFWESTERNCOUNTRIESFLOWINTOCHINAANDAFFECTEVENIMPACTCHINESECULTUREANDPEOPLESMIND,PEOPLESTARTTOADJUSTTHEIRLIFEINCLUDINGADDRESSFORMSTOACCORDWITHTHEINTERNATIONALSTANDARDSSOITISQUITENECESSARYTOANALYSETHEPHENOMENAOFGENERALIZATIONANDWESTERNIZATIONOFCHINESEADDRESSFORMS,ANDFINDOUTTHEORIGINITWILLHELPUSTOUNDERSTANDOUROWNHISTORYANDCULTURE,THENTHEWORLDCHAPTERIITHEDEFINITIONOFADDRESSFORMANDTHEFUNCTIONS21DEFINITIONACCORDINGTOTHEEXPLANATIONINMODERNCHINESEDICTIONARY,ADDRESSFORMREFERSTOTHENAMESBASEDONTHEKINSHIPOROTHERRELATIONSAMONGTHEPEOPLEANDPEOPLESSTATUSESANDPROFESSIONSADDRESSFORMREFLECTSLANGUAGE,ANDITALSOREFLECTSTHESOCIALCULTURESINANYLANGUAGES,ADDRESSFORMPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINSOCIALINTERCOURSESTHETHEORYOFSOCIOLINGUISTICSPUTSTHATTHEUSEOFADDRESSFORMSHOULDBELIMITEDINTHEFRAMEOFETHNICCULTUREANDTHEADDRESSFORMDEPENDSONTHERELATIONSOFSIMILARITYORDISSIMILARITY,THERELATIONSOFASCENDANCE,COHERENCERELATIONSANDOTHERRELATIONSITSHOULDPROPERLYRECOGNIZETHERELATIONSAMONGTHEROLESINPARTICULARSITUATIONSITSHOULDALSOOBEYTHEBEHAVIORALNORMSOFSPEECHROLESEXPECTEDBYTHESOCIETYADDRESSFORMCANBEPARTEDINTWOBRANCHESKINSHIPADDRESSFORMANDSOCIALADDRESSFORM22FUNCTIONSININTERPERSONALCOMMUNICATIONS,ADDRESSFORMSCONSISTOFTHREEASPECTSADDRESSFORMSFORBOTHSIDESOFCOMMUNICATION,ADDRESSFORMSFORSPEAKERSOWN,ANDADDRESSFORMSFOROTHERSJOSHUAFISHMANRAISEDTHETHEORYOFREGISTERINTHERESEARCHOFSOCIOLINGUISTICSHEPUTTHEUSEOFADDRESSFORMSINTOFIVEREGISTERSFAMILYREGISTER,FRIENDREGISTER,RELIGIONREGISTER,EDUCATIONREGISTER,WORKREGISTERFISHMANCONSIDERSTHATPEOPLECANCHOOSETHEADDRESSFORMSINDIFFERENTSITUATIONSBASEDONTHEFIVEREGISTERSTHEAUTHORTHINKSTHATTHEFUNCTIONSOFADDRESSFORMSARETOMAINTAINTHECOHERENCEOFSPEECHESANDCLEARANCEOFMEANINGSANDTOMAKETHEPROPAGATIONSOFINFORMATIONBETWEENCOMMUNICATIVESIDESMOREFLUENTLYANDCONVENIENTLYTHEFEATURESAREASFOLLOWING1ADDRESSFORMSHELPTOBUILDNEWHUMANRELATIONS,EXPRESSTHEWILLTOGETCLOSE,ORJUSTBEUSEDASANADDRESSFORMS,OREXPRESSTHEWILLTOBEAWAYFOREXAMPLE,ONTHECALLINGOFNAMES,TWOSTRANGERSMEETWITHEACHOTHERFORTHEFIRSTTIME,ANDONEGETSTOKNOWTHEOTHERONESNAMEISZHANGXIAOJUN,WHENHECALLSXIAOJUN,ITWILLLETTHEOTHERONEFEELSFAMILIARITREFLECTSHEWANTSTOGETCLOSETOTHEOTHERONEANDUSEAPROPERSTRATEGY2ADDRESSFORMSADJUSTTHEOLDHUMANRELATIONITCANMAKETHEORIGINALRELATIONSCLOSERORREMOTERORKEEPTHEMSTILLFROMTHEFOLLOWINGCONVERSATION,WECANSEETHATDIFFERENTUSESOFADDRESSFORMSREFLECTBOTHSIDESMENTALACTIVITIESINGENIOUSLY,ANDIMPLYTHEIRWILLINGSTOADJUSTTHEORIGINALRELATIONEGAGENTLEMANSAYSTOALADY“DARLING,FORGIVEMETHISTIME,OK”THELADYANSWERS“NOWAYCHENZHONGQING,IWONTBEFOOLAGAIN”INTHECONVERSATION,THETWOPEOPLECHOOSEDIFFERENTADDRESSFORMS,ANDREFLECTTHEIRDIFFERENTAIMSTOADJUSTTHEORIGINALRELATIONTHEHUSBANDUSEDARLINGAVERYFAMILIARADDRESSFORMHISAIMISQUITECLEAR,HETRIESTOGETCLOSETOHISWIFE,ANDPRAYFORTHEFORGIVENESS,WHILETHEWIFECHOOSETHEFULLNAMETOCALLTHEHUSBANDINORDERTOKEEPDISTANCE,EVENMAKETHEORIGINALRELATIONREMOTER,ANDSHOWSHERMENTALACTIVITYOFNONCOOPERATIONANDREFUSETOACCEPTHERHUSBANDSAPOLOGYCHAPTERIIITHEDIFFERENCESOFKINSHIPADDRESSFORMSINENGLISHANDCHINESEANDTHEIRCULTURECONNOTATION31THEDEFINITIONOFKINSHIPADDRESSFORMSKINSHIPADDRESSFORMSREFERTOTHENAMESTHATDEFINETHEKINMEMBERSANDPRINCIPLESRELATIONSCENTEREDONTHEPRINCIPLEKINSHIPADDRESSFORMSARETHENAMESORCALLINGSAMONGRELATIVESBASEDONCONSANGUINITYANDAFFINITYKINSHIPADDRESSFORMSARETHEMARKSCENTEREDONTHEPRINCIPLETODEFINETHERELATIONSAMONGRELATIVESANDPRINCIPLEACCORDINGTOTHECONSANGUINITYANDAFFINITYRELATIONS,THEAUTHORCOLLECTSANDCLASSIFIESTHEKINSHIPADDRESSFORMSUSUALLYUSEDINOURDAILYLIFECONSANGUINITYCHINESEENGLISH丈夫HUSBAND妻子WIFE父亲FATHER母亲MOTHER儿子SON女儿DAUGHTER哥哥、弟弟BROTHER姐姐、妹妹SISTER祖父、外祖父GRANDFATHER祖母、外祖母GRANDMOTHER孙子、外孙GRANDSON孙女、外孙女GRANDDAUGHTER伯父、叔父、舅舅、姑父、姨父UNCLE侄子、外甥NEPHEW伯母、婶母、舅母、姑母、姨母AUNT侄女、外甥女NIECE堂兄弟姐妹、表兄弟姐妹COUSINAFFINITYCHINESEENGLISH公公、岳父FATHERINLAW婆婆、岳母MOTHERINLAW女婿SONINLAW儿媳DAUGHTERINLAW大伯、小叔、内兄、内弟、姐夫、妹夫BROTHERINLAW大姑、小姑、大姨、小姨、嫂子、弟媳妇SISTERINLAW32KINSHIPADDRESSFORMSINCHINESEAREMORECOMPLEXTHANTHOSEINENGLISHWHYCHINESEKINSHIPADDRESSFORMSAREMORECOMPLEXFIRST,ITISTHEETIQUETTETRADITIONOFCHINESECULTURETHECHINESENATIONWASREPUTEDASACIVILIZEDNATIONANDASTATEOFCEREMONIESINTHEWORLDTHESYSTEMOFETIQUETTEHASFORMEDANDHIGHLYDEVELOPEDMANYTHOUSANDYEARSAGO,ANDITCOMBINEDWITHTHECONFUCIANIDEALSLATERITSAFFLUENCESANDBONDINGFORCESBECAMEMORECOMPREHENSIVEANDWIDERSOINSUCHAETIQUETTESOCIETY,THECULTUREOFETIQUETTEBECOMESOMATURETHEREMUSTBECOMPLEXADDRESSFORMSTOCOMPLYWITHTHEMSECOND,ITISBECAUSEOURNATIONHADBEENINTHEFEUDALSOCIETYFORALONGHISTORY,ANDTHEUNITOFSOCIALCOMMUNITYISFAMILYORCLANSOTHEPOWEROFCLANISVERYSTRONGINTHECLAN,THECLOSEANDDISTANTRELATIONSARECLASSIFIEDBYLEVELSSTRICTLY,ANDTHEDISTINCTIONSOFINTERNALANDEXTERNALRELATIVESAREVERYCLEARSOLOTSOFINTERRELATEDADDRESSFORMSAPPEAREDANDWERECLASSIFIEDINDETAILMEANWHILE,THEADDRESSFORMSINENGLISHAREQUITESIMPLEAFEWWORDSCANCOVERLOTSOFTHEMBRITISHETIQUETTECULTUREFORMEDMANYTHOUSANDYEARSLATERTHANCHINESE,ANDAFTERTHERENAISSANCE,SOMEBOOKSOFETIQUETTEAPPEAREDINTHEWESTERNCOUNTRIES,BUTTHETHEYONLYFOCUSEDONTEACHINGPEOPLEHOWTOHAVEAREFINEDWAYOFSPEAKINGANDGOODMANNERSANDTOBEGENTLETHESEETIQUETTEPRINCIPLESAREJUSTSOMEDECORATIONSANDEMBELLISHESFORTHESUPERCLASSSOCIETYTHEYARENOTLIKEWHATTHECHINESEANCIENTANCESTORSRECOGNIZEDTHEETIQUETTEASTHEFOUNDATIONTORUNTHECOUNTRYWELLANDGIVETHEPEOPLEPEACEANDSECURITYSOTHEETIQUETTEPRINCIPLESARENOTSOCOMPREHENSIVE,SYSTEMATIC,DETAILEDASCHINESEONESEVENTHOUGHTHEWESTERNCOUNTRIESALSOWENTTHROUGHTHEFEUDALSOCIETY,ANDTHEREWERESERFDOMANDTHEFEUDALPATRILINEALCLANSYSTEM,BUTAFTERTHERENAISSANCEANDTHEINDUSTRYREVOLUTION,WESTERNLEGALSYSTEMSTEPPEDINTOANEWPERIODTHEIDEAOFFREEDOM,EQUALITYANDFRATERNITYSPREADEVERYWHERE,ANDUNDERTHEAFFLUENCESOFLEGALSYSTEM,THEADDRESSFORMSOFCONSANGUINITYANDAFFINITYINENGLISHARESIMPLERTHANTHOSEQUITECOMMONFORUSTOSEEINCHINESESOADDRESSFORMSINCHINESEAREMORECOMPLEX33KINSHIPADDRESSFORMSINCHINESEEMPHASIZETHEPOSITIO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