外文翻译--GIS的发展历史.doc

外文资料ForeignlanguageData21centuriesareanewcenturythatinformationsturn,thenetworkturns,thearithmeticfigureturns,theintelligenceturnstheboomingdeveloping.Thenewtechniquerevolutionofthescopeofworldwiththewavetideoftheknowledge-basedeconomy,pushthedevelopingcountrywithprosperthenationistechnicalandcreativeintheel-ectronicsinformationwithapplytherealmtostandafreshatsamerisestorunonline,facethenewdevelopmentopportunitytogetherwithchallenge.Innowthisinformatio-nturnofsociety,whocanmakeuseoftheoneselfresourcesmoreavailably,controlmorecompletely,moreaccurateinformation,makeadecisionofsciencesooner,whocanadjustthesocialcurrent,standfirmtheheelinvigorouscompetition,andbringsthebusinessenterprisetorepayshigherlyatthesametime.Geographyinformationsy-stem(geographicinformationsystem,gis).Thegeographyinformationsystemhand-lesobjectisspacepositionthatspaceentity,itshandletheprocessrelatetowithspa-cetheproceedingaccordingtothespaceentityexactly.Thegeographyinformationsystemhasveryhighblendability,itblendswithothe-rinformationtechnique,expandingthetechnicalapplicationintheinformationofthewhole.Theinformationturns,thenetworkturns,thearithmeticfigureturns,thewavetidethatintelligenceturnisdashingandcrashing,thearithmeticfigurecityisexactlythetideastrideovertypefor,ifourcountrycanholdingtighthistorygivingdevelop-mentopportunityofthiswavetide,Chinesecityplanning,developmentswithmana-gethelevelmaywashintotheex-rowoftheadvancedcountriesofworldthepole,an-darousethedevelopmentoftherelatedindustry.A,GISdevelopmenthistoryPutforwardfirstfrom1962Canadasrogertomlinsontheconceptofthegeographyinformationsystemcombinestoleadstoestablishintheworldthefirsthasthepracti-cealworthageographyinformationsystemCanadageographyinformations-incesystem(canadageographicinformationsystem,briefnamecgis),geographyinformationthesystemacquiredthesubstantialadvancewithinthescopeofworld.theconductandactionsturnstodescribetothelivingspatialarithmeticfigureinmankind,analysiswithexpressionoftool,gisanimportancethatbecometheinformationindustrygraduallyconstitutesthepart,becomingthenationaleconomytoincreasetoordernewly.beengagedinthetheoriesofgisinsidetheworldscopewiththeapplicationstudyofdevelopmentpersonnel,sectionamainmelodyforwithhighandnewbusinessenterprisecountlessly,appliedsciencesturning,sciencetechniqueturning,techniIqueindustryturningalreadybecomingtherealmofgisdevelopping.geographyinformationsystematfromapureandappliedsystemthedevelopmentisacompletetechniquesystemwiththeoriessystem.Thegis(geographyinformationsystem)developmentisfrom1965of,atthattimeHarvardalandmeasurestheprofessionalstudenttomentionlikethisaviewpointingraduationthesis:Canmeasuresthedatasystemandgeographythefusionistogether.Hence,hedesignedathemostsimplethesystemofgis,andestablishedthecompanyofesriaftergraduating.Itisthecompanyofthebiggestthesystemofgisofworldnow.Developmentthatthroughseveraldecades,thesystemofgishasbeenturnedintobyanapplicationforlearningrealmforwithserviceafoundationtypeforlearningrealmapplicationasmainpurposeterracesoftware,thenservethecompanyusetotransactrealmismainpurposethattablestoptypeterracesoftwarethatam/fm/gis(automatedmapping/facilitiesmanagement/geographicinformationsystem)sy-stemwiththenserveinthecitypublicfacilitiesmanagementisthemainpurposewaitsseveralbranches.Thegisisnotonlyappliedinthegeography,geology.etc.pr-ofessionrealm,itiscurrenttoallthereisextensiveapplicationintheeachrealm,suchaswaterconservancy,electricpower,petroleum,transportation,telecomunicati-on,publicsecurityofficial,environmentalprotection.etc.Comeuptosayfromtheconcept,thegeographyinformationisthegrossofthearithmeticfiguretopointtheelementalquantity,quantity,kindinenvironmentinge-ographyinenunciationanddistributethecharacteristic,contacttowaitwiththeregu-lation,writing,picture,rmationtocall.Passthegeographyinformat-iontechnique,collectrelevanttheEartheverybitandallinformations,tidyuptheda-tathatprocesseasytousage,andpresspermafrostgeographytositthemarkdeposit,needingdeliverthehomologousplaceimmediately,andherethefoundationislast,astoitsproceedtoprocess,tidyup,fortheanalysisofvariousappliedrealm,manage,thedecisionofferingismorethebasisofscience.Seefromthesystemangle,infutureandseverally10-yearly,thegeographyin-formationsystemstandardize(interoperablegis)thefacingdata,datamanyturns(3ds&4dgises),thesystemgathersturn(componentgis),thesystemintelligenceturns(cybergis),theterracenetworkturn(webgis)withthedirectiondevelopmentthatap-plicationacculturate(arithmeticfiguretheEarth).Theappliedsystemingishasbelo-wcharacteristic:Themainfunctionofthesystemofgisistopuifacilitiesnetworkmanagem-entwithcontrol,layemphasisinrushtowardtodescribetothelineformfacilitie-s.geographysketchdataisasysteminsideonlyakindoffitting,keeptheviewofbackgroundassistancedata,havenothegeographysketchdataeven,asupportforneedingcorpussketchdata,systemcancirculateasusual.thesystemofgisusuallyneedstoproceedthemaintenancewithshareatthesametimeinseveralsections,theforthisreasondatawantstoproceedmultifariousnotthelinedevelopmentrenews.Systemaccordingtoappliedruleinpuiprofession,guaranteethedatarenewinwholeconsistencyinthesystem.Therefore,am/fm/gisapplicationrightnessbeinconjunctionwiththeworkenvironmenthavethehigherrequest.citypsectionusesthetechnicalandbasicpurposeinam/fm/gisistoincreasesdecisionandmovementsoperateofrespondtothespeed.Thesolidhourthatdataren-ew,operatethesolidhourthatrespondtoisbasictechniquerequestthatam/fm/gisapplicationthesoftwaremustguarantee.gissystemapplicationobjectthousandbadtenthousanddonot,therefore,theam/fm/theterraceofgismustshavethegoodapplicabilitywithopenthesex.Seefromthetechniqueangle,havewithclosely-relatedtechniqueingis.Thefeelstechnique,canpassonceinawhilethesatelliteleaveouttheEarthsur-faceneitherthegroundscansatime,obtainthelatestdatadata.Current,initstheph-otographthattake,itsdistinguishtheratethealreadygoodenoughtomakinggroundlastisclearsuchastheobjectofthecarheadlampsizetherefore.Herethebreadcont-ainedthecalculator,picturehandles,thelargescaledataissavingtoprognosticateetc.varioustechniqueswithspacetotheground.worldfixedpositionsystem(gps)gpsisacanbethenaccuratetounderstandyouthehigh-techtoolinterrestrialpositioninanyparticulartime.Gpsfromabout24satelliteforroundingtheEarthcirculatingsco-nstitutes,thesesatellitesesfaceterrestrialreceivethemachinesendoutthesignal.Thegpsreceivesthemachineaccordingtoreceive2s3signalsofsatellitecancomputethedegreeoflatitudeofyourplacepositionbythesquarewiththelongitude.Two,GISmarketapplicationTheinformationofthecitychangesintothecityGISdevelopmentbroughttheop-portunity.Inreality,thecityinformationturnsperformanceasthegovernmentman-agestoturn(arithmeticfiguregovernment)withtheinformationofthedecision,thebusinessenterprisemanagement,decisionturn(arithmeticfigurebusinessenterprise)withministrantinformation,theinformationofthecitizenrylifeturns(arithmeticfig-urecitylife),namelyarithmeticfigurecity.Thisshowsthat,cityGISispartthatarithmeticfigurecitymostcore,canisdividedintothegovernmentGIS,businessen-terpriseGISwiththesocialGIS.(isshownasdiagram)Thedevelopmentofthearit-hmeticfigurecity,requestthegovernment,businessenterprisetopassthedatacorre-spondencenetworkwiththesocialGISthegovernment,businessenterprisewithsoc-ialathewhole,realizetheresourcesshare.ThehistorygavesustheChinesetooversteptheopportunityoftheothersspeciall-y.TheAmerican,Canada,WesternEuropepersonoccupiestheexhaustedfirsttimingincommunicationfoundationfacilities,government,businessenterpriseinformationsystemdevelopments,informationsystemwitheachotherthemutualcommunication,anddevelopmentthatfourstagesofnetworksociety,onlinecommunityfollowthesequenceandadvancegradually.Butatthattimeof3thetechniqueofGISs,thetechniqueofVRs,4Dsdatasblendstogathertechnique,GISthreeperformancethetechniquedidnotresemblelikethismaturetodaywithcheap.CitycityhallwebsitethatvisittheUnitedStates,WesternEurope,Canada,Australia,baseonadata,performance,askforhelptheconjecturetheactualitythetechnicalrareandpreciousthings.Timecreateswithmarketforustheimportanthistoryopportunitythatoverstep.ThisopportunityisanarithmeticfigurecityinsidethreewithtechnicaldevelopmentinVRwithapply.Holdtighttheopportunity,thearithmeticfigurecityoftheourcountrywillyieldunusuallybrilliantresults.WethinkthattheChinesearithmeticfigurecityspecialfeaturesshouldpositionat:Developmentshavethepublicterraceininformationingeographyinfoundationinacityofdata；DevelopmentswiththetechniqueofVRformaincityplanning,developmentswithmanagebusinessprofessionapplicationsystem.Concentratetheappliedstrategysystemintechniquethatrobsharethearithmeticfigurecity43VRsalittlebithigh,becomethespecialfeaturesoftheChinesearithmeticfigurecity43VRs,expandthespecialmarketincityinChinesearithmeticfigurespace.Alongwiththesocialdevelopment,thetransportationcircuitincreasescontinuo-usly,thetransportationnetworkextendscontinuously,applyingthegisthisanadva-ncedspacemanagementproject,realizethetransportationmanageofcanseetoturntoturnwiththeprecision,todaydeveloppedinthetransportationhighspeedseemtobeparticularlyforurgent.Managementtoingrealizeseffectively,thetransportationcompanyusuallyneedtoproceedeverykindoflogisticsinformationtoanalysisafterhandling,becomeaninte-gralwholeturntoseethediagram.Theseintegralwholesesturntoseethediagramcaninclude:Customertheposition；Whichiscustomerpassorservetheneedwiththequick；Thedemandadjustsaspeedforwhichproperties,butthesepropertiesesbeplacedinagainwhere,andtheycanmuchquicklysendstoreachthetoprovideforthecustomerinthisasingleglancetakesinallsawthehelpofthediagram,yo-urcompanycaninthemostshorttimeappropriateproductorproductsrepairtheser-vice,makingyourmanagementattaintheresultofthehalfeffortanddoubleresult-s.ThespeedisthefreighttransportationoftheUnitedStateswithgotogetherwithtosendthecompany,itaverageeverydaydeliverscargothemileageandthenamountto3,000,000kilometers.ForR-blem,proceedcloseathandthestockanalyzeswithcorrespondence,thatcompanyatnear1000pedestalworkstationupperpartofficegisapplicationproject,manageitsr-outetheanalysiswithsolidhouradjustasystem,toincreasetogotogetherwithtose-ndtheefficiencywithefficientlysatisfyintogoodsrequest.Clearcircuitdiagram,ac-curate,thefixedpositioninformationthatisclearataglance,maketheconductorofthecompanywithadjustaconveniencefromsuchas.Thecompanywenttogetherwi-thtosendtheefficiencytoincreasefromhere10%,stilleconomizedtoconsumetheamountofoilconsumedly,lowerthecostwithreducedtime.arithmeticfiguretheEa-rth