济慈生平简介(英文版)及部分诗作

JOHNKEATS17951821,RENOWNEDPOETOFTHEENGLISHROMANTICMOVEMENT,WROTESOMEOFTHEGREATESTENGLISHLANGUAGEPOEMSINCLUDING“LABELLEDAMESANSMERCI“,“ODETOANIGHTINGALE“,AND“ODEONAGRECIANURN“OATTICSHAPEFAIRATTITUDEWITHBREDEOFMARBLEMENANDMAIDENSOVERWROUGHT,WITHFORESTBRANCHESANDTHETRODDENWEEDTHOU,SILENTFORM,DOSTTEASEUSOUTOFTHOUGHTASDOTHETERNITYCOLDPASTORALWHENOLDAGESHALLTHISGENERATIONWASTE,THOUSHALTREMAIN,INMIDSTOFOTHERWOETHANOURS,AFRIENDTOMAN,TOWHOMTHOUSAYST,“BEAUTYISTRUTH,TRUTHBEAUTY,THATISALLYEKNOWONEARTH,ANDALLYENEEDTOKNOW“、JOHNKEATSWASBORNON31OCTOBER1795INMOORGATE,LONDON,ENGLAND,THEFIRSTCHILDBORNTOFRANCESJENNINGSB1775D1810ANDTHOMASKEATSD1804,ANEMPLOYEEOFALIVERYSTABLEHEHADTHREESIBLINGSGEORGE17971841,THOMAS17991818,ANDFRANCESMARY“FANNY“18031889AFTERLEAVINGSCHOOLINENFIELD,KEATSWENTONTOAPPRENTICEWITHDRHAMMOND,ASURGEONINEDMONTONAFTERHISFATHERDIEDINARIDINGACCIDENT,ANDHISMOTHERDIEDOFTUBERCULOSIS,JOHNANDHISBROTHERSMOVEDTOHAMPSTEADITWASHERETHATKEATSMETCHARLESARMITAGEBROWN17871842WHOWOULDBECOMEAGREATFRIENDREMEMBERINGHISFIRSTMEETINGWITHHIM,BROWNWRITES“HISFULLFINEEYESWERELUSTROUSLYINTELLECTUAL,ANDBEAMINGATTHATTIME“MUCHGRIEVEDBYHISDEATH,BROWNWORKEDFORMANYYEARSONHISMEMOIRANDBIOGRAPHY,LIFEOFJOHNKEATS1841INITBROWNCLAIMSTHATITWASNOTUNTILKEATSREADEDMUNDSPENCERSFAERYQUEENTHATHEREALISEDHISOWNGIFTFORTHEPOETICKEATSWASANAVIDSTUDENTINTHEFIELDSOFMEDICINEANDNATURALHISTORY,BUTHETHENTURNEDHISATTENTIONSTOTHELITERARYWORKSOFSUCHAUTHORSASWILLIAMSHAKESPEAREANDGEOFFREYCHAUCERKEATSHADHISPOEMSPUBLISHEDINTHEMAGAZINESOFTHEDAYATTHEENCOURAGEMENTOFMANYINCLUDINGJAMESHENRYLEIGHHUNTESQ17841859,EDITOROFTHEEXAMINERANDTOWHOMKEATSDEDICATEDHISFIRSTCOLLECTIONPOEMS1817ITINCLUDES“TOMYBROTHERGEORGE“,“OSOLITUDEIFIMUSTWITHTHEEDWELL“,AND“HAPPYISENGLANDICOULDBECONTENT“UPONITSAPPEARANCEASERIESOFPERSONALATTACKSDIRECTEDATKEATSENSUEDINTHEPAGESOFBLACKWOODSMAGAZINEDESPITETHECONTROVERSYSURROUNDINGHISLIFE,KEATSSLITERARYMERITPREVAILEDTHATSAMEYEARKEATSMETPERCYBYSSHESHELLEYWHOWOULDALSOBECOMEAGREATFRIENDWHENSHELLEYINVITEDTHEAILINGKEATSTOSTAYWITHHIMANDHISFAMILYINITALY,HEDECLINEDWHENSHELLEYSBODYWASWASHEDASHOREAFTERDROWNING,AVOLUMEOFKEATSSPOETRYWASFOUNDINHISPOCKETHAVINGWORKEDONITFORMANYMONTHS,KEATSFINISHEDHISEPICPOEMCOMPRISINGFOURBOOKS,ENDYMIONAPOETICROMANCE“ATHINGOFBEAUTYISAJOYFOREVER“IN1818THATSUMMERHETRAVELLEDTOTHELAKEDISTRICTOFENGLANDANDONTOIRELANDANDSCOTLANDONAWALKINGTOURWITHBROWNTHEYVISITEDTHEGRAVEOFROBERTBURNSANDREMINISCEDUPONJOHNMILTONSPOETRYWHILEHEWASNOTAWAREOFTHESERIOUSNESSOFIT,KEATSWASSUFFERINGFROMTHEINITIALSTAGESOFTHEDEADLYINFECTIOUSDISEASETUBERCULOSISHECUTHISTRIPSHORTANDUPONRETURNTOHAMPSTEADIMMEDIATELYTENDEDTOHISBROTHERTOMWHOWASTHENINTHELASTSTAGESOFTHEDISEASEAFTERTOMSDEATHINDECEMBEROF1818,KEATSLIVEDWITHBROWNEARLYONEMORNINGIWASAWAKENEDINMYBEDBYAPRESSUREONMYHANDITWASKEATS,WHOCAMETOTELLMEHISBROTHERWASNOMOREISAIDNOTHING,ANDWEBOTHREMAINEDSILENTFORAWHILE,MYHANDFASTLOCKEDINHISATLENGTH,MYTHOUGHTSRETURNINGFROMTHEDEADTOTHELIVING,ISAIDHAVENOTHINGMORETODOWITHTHOSELODGINGS,ANDALONETOOHADYOUNOTBETTERLIVEWITHMEHEPAUSED,PRESSEDMYHANDWARMLY,ANDREPLIED,ITHINKITWOULDBEBETTERFROMTHATMOMENTHEWASMYINMATELIFEOFJOHNKEATSAROUNDTHISTIMEKEATSMET,FELLINLOVEWITH,ANDBECAMEENGAGEDTOEIGHTEENYEAROLDFRANCES“FANNY“BRAWNE18001865HEWROTEONEOFHISMOREFAMOUSSONNETSTOHERTITLED“BRIGHTSTAR,WOULDIWERESTEADFASTASTHOUART“WHILETHEIRRELATIONSHIPINSPIREDMUCHSPIRITUALDEVELOPMENTFORKEATS,ITALSOPROVEDTOBETEMPESTUOUS,FILLEDWITHTHEHIGHSANDLOWSFROMJEALOUSYANDINFATUATIONOFFIRSTLOVEBROWNWASNOTIMPRESSEDANDTRIEDTOPROVIDESOMEEMOTIONALSTABILITYTOKEATSMANYFORATIMEWERECONVINCEDTHATFANNYWASTHECAUSEOFHISILLNESS,OR,USEDTHATASANEXCUSETOTRYTOKEEPHERAWAYFROMHIMFORAWHILEEVENKEATSENTERTAINEDTHEPOSSIBILITYTHATHEWASMERELYSUFFERINGPHYSICALMANIFESTATIONSOFEMOTIONALANXIETIESBUTAFTERSUFFERINGAHEMORRHAGEHEGAVEFANNYPERMISSIONTOBREAKTHEIRENGAGEMENTSHEWOULDHEARNOTHINGOFITANDBYHERWORDPROVIDEDMUCHCOMFORTTOKEATSINHISLASTDAYSTHATSHEWASULTIMATELYLOYALTOHIMALTHOUGH1819PROVEDTOBEHISMOSTPROLIFICYEAROFWRITING,KEATSWASALSOINDIREFINANCIALSTRAITSHISBROTHERGEORGEHADBORROWEDMONEYHECOULDILLAFFORDTOPARTWITHHISEARNINGFANNYSMOTHERSAPPROVALTOMARRYDEPENDEDONHISEARNINGASAWRITERANDHESTARTEDPLANSWITHHISPUBLISHERJOHNTAYLOR17811864FORHISNEXTVOLUMEOFPOEMSATTHEBEGINNINGOF1820KEATSSTARTEDTOSHOWMOREPRONOUNCEDSIGNSOFTHEDEADLYTUBERCULOSISTHATHADKILLEDHISMOTHERANDBROTHERAFTERALUNGHEMORRHAGE,KEATSCALMLYACCEPTEDHISFATE,ANDHEENJOYEDSEVERALWEEKSOFRESPITEUNDERBROWNSWATCHFULEYEASWASCOMMONBELIEFATTHETIMETHATBLEEDINGAPATIENTWASBENEFICIALTOHEALING,KEATSWASBLEDANDGIVENOPIUMTORELIEVEHISANXIETYANDPAINHEWASATTIMESPUTONASTARVATIONDIET,THENATOTHERTIMESPRESCRIBEDTOEATMEATANDDRINKREDWINETOGAINSTRENGTHDESPITETHESEILLADVISEDGOODINTENTIONS,ANDSUFFERINGINCREASINGWEAKNESSANDFEVER,KEATSWASABLETOEMERGEFROMHISFUGUEANDORGANISETHEPUBLICATIONOFHISNEXTVOLUMEOFPOETRYLAMIA,ISABELLA,THEEVEOFSTAGNES,ANDOTHERPOEMS1820INCLUDESSOMEOFHISBESTKNOWNANDOFTQUOTEDWORKS“HYPERION“,“TOAUTUMN“,AND“ODETOANIGHTINGALE“NIGHTINGALE“EVOKESALLTHEPAINANDSUFFERINGTHATKEATSEXPERIENCEDDURINGHISSHORTLIFETIMETHEDEATHOFHISMOTHERTHEPHYSICALANGUISHHES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