2015年电大无机及分析化学期末考试试题及参考答案

电大无机及分析化学期末考试试题及答案一、判断题每小题1分共10分1键和键在分子中均可单独存在。（）2系统误差是不可测的。（）3极性分子间仅存在取向力，非极性分子间只存在色散力。（）4等价轨道处于全充满、全空、半充满状态时原子能量较低。（）5施肥过多造成的“烧苗”现象，是由于植物细胞液的渗透压小于土壤溶液的渗透压引起的。（）6醋酸溶液经稀释后其解离度增大，因而可使其H浓度增大。（）7BF3和NH3都具有平面三角形的空间结构。（）8CO2与CH4的偶极矩均为零。（）9共价键和氢键均有饱和性与方向性。（）10在消除了系统误差之后，测定结果的精密度越高，准确度也越高。（）选择题每小题2分，共30分1质量摩尔浓度的单位是（）。AMOLL1BMOLKG1CGL1DMGG12已知反应H2GSSH2SG和SSO2GSO2G的平衡常数为K1和K2，则反应H2GSO2GH2SGO2G的平衡常数为（）。AK1K2BK1/K2CK1K2DK1K23下列量子数取值错误的是（）。A3，2，2，B2，2，0，C3，2，1，D4，1，0，4主量子数N3的电子层可容纳的轨道数和电子数为（）。A3和6B3和9C6和12D9和185下列卤化氢分子极性由大到小的顺序正确的是（）。AHCLHBRHIHFBHIHBRHCLHFCHFHIHBRHCLDHFHCLHBRHI6FE3O4中铁的氧化数是（）。A2B2C8/3D37下列关于分子间力的说法正确的是（）。A分子型物质的沸点总是随相对分子质量的增大而增加B色散力存在于所有分子间C极性分子间仅存在取向力D大多数含氢化合物中都存在氢键8能组成缓冲溶液的是（）。AHACNAACBNACLHCLCNAOHNACLDHCLH2O9定量分析工作要求测定结果的误差（）。A在允许误差范围之内B等于零C略大于允许误差D没有要求10下列各式中，有效数字位数正确的是（）。A00978（4位）BPH3243位CPKA1802位D0420（2位）11随机误差可通过（）方法减免。A对照试验B校正仪器C空白试验D适当增加平行测定次数12在CUNH342配离子中，中心离子的配位数为（）。A3B4C5D613在NH4OHANH3H2O体系中,属于质子酸的物质是（）。ANH3与H3OBOH与NH4CNH4与H2ODOH与NH314从锰在酸性溶液中的元素电势图可以看出，在酸性介质中会发生歧化反应的物质是（）。AMNO4BMNO42CMNO2DMN215EDTA准确直接滴定单一金属离子M的条件是（）。ALGKF8BLGCMKF6CLGCMLGKF6DLGCMLGKF6三、填空题共25分1命名CRNH34CL2NO3为，中心离子为，配位原子为，配位数为，配体包括。2在含有AGCLS的饱和溶液中加入01MOLL1的AGNO3，AGCL的溶解度将_，这是由于_的结果。3NH3分子中N的杂化方式为杂化，空间构型为。BCL3分子中B的杂化方式为杂化，空间构型为。4原电池中，发生还原反应的电极为_极，发生氧化反应的电极为_极。5常用于标定HCL溶液的基准物质有、常用于标定NAOH溶液的基准物质有、。624号元素的核外电子排布为它位于元素周期表第周期族区。7核外电子排布的三规则是、。四、计算题共35分1（6分）取267G萘溶于100G苯中，测得该溶液的凝固点降低了107K，求萘的摩尔质量（苯的凝固点下降常数为KF512KKGMOL1）。2（6分）测定某蛋白质质量分数七次，数据为7958，7945，7947，7950，7962，7938，7980。求平均值、平均偏差、相对平均偏差、标准偏差、相对标准偏差、极差。3有一含有NA2CO3和NAOH的混合物，称取试样05895G溶于水，用03000MOLL1HCL标准溶液滴定至酚酞变色，消耗HCL2408ML，加入甲基橙，继续用上述HCL标准溶液滴定，又消耗HCL1202ML，计算试样中NA2CO3和NAOH的质量分数。MNA2CO31060GMOL1，MNAOH4000GMOL1。（8分）4配制PH950的缓冲溶液，需要在1L01MOLL1L的NH3H2O中加入多少克NH4CL（设体积不变）。BKNH318105，MNH4CL5350GMOL1（8分）5AG/AG0799V,向电极中加入KBR使AGBR沉淀达到溶解平衡时，且CBR10MOLL1，求AG/AG已知KSPAGBR771013）。（7分）习题答案一、判断题1；2；3；4；5；6；7；8；9；10二、选择题1B；2B；3B；4D；5D；6C；7B；8A；9A10C；11D；12B；13C；14B；15C三、填空题1硝酸二氯四氨合铬（III）；CR3；N,CL；6；NH3,CL2减小；同离子效应3SP3不等性；三角锥形；SP2；平面三角形4正；负5NA2CO3；NA2B4O710H2O；H2C2O42H2O；KHC8H4O4624CR1S22S22P63S23P63D54S1；4；VIB；D区7泡利不相容原理；能量最低原理；洪特规则四、计算题1解苯的凝固点降低常数为KF512KKGMOL1107K512KKGMOL1M1278GMOL1解平均值795879457947795079627938798077954平均偏差011相对平均偏差014标准偏差014相对标准偏差018极差79807938042解1HCL2L31NAOHNAO03MOL40810L4GMOL59GSCVMW24552232311HCLLNACONAO0OLL060GOL589SCVW64844解根据PHAPKLGBC所以95A4NHBLGC14BPR/LG01XM144741053/LGX故X308G（7分）5解AGEAAGAG/AGAGBRAAGBRKSP771013CAGKSP/CBR771013GMOL1AG/AGAG/AG00592LGCAG0799V00592LG7710130083V西北农林科技大学本科课程考试试题一、单项选择题（每小题15分，共30分）得分分1有三种非电解质的稀溶液（都为水溶液），它们的沸点顺序为CBA，则它们的蒸气压曲线为（）。KG06723MABCD2CAOSH2OLCAOH2S，在25C及标准状态下反应自发进行，高温时其逆反应为自发，这表明该反应为（）类型。ARHM0,RSM0CRHM0,RSM0DRHMSAGCLSBASO43一氯化一氯一硫氰根二乙二胺合钴III；CO3；6；4；CL、SCN、EN4PT|FE201MOLL1,FE301MOLL1|MNO401MOLL1,H10MOLL1,MN201MOLL1|PT5ABC；0301；02086负；BASO4MNBA22NXCL2X2XCL或BASO4MNBA22NXCLXXCL,ALCL3RMH53408768382K2解3NNHCLN11010010467522NMNMWM样样样3解生成AGCL,AGI沉淀时所需AG的浓度分别为10SP717SP14AGCL8G/80MOLLI5/0AG5LKCCCCQQ所以加入AG后，首先析出AGI沉淀。当AGCL沉淀生成时，溶液中残留的I浓度为17SP10151I8I/046MOLLOLLKCCQ0时反应能进行，所以32FE/320591VFELGC034V即07700591LGCFE3034得LGCFE3728CFE3525108MOLL1请您务必删除一下内容，O_O万分谢谢2015年中央电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备小抄，电大考试必过小抄INDONESIAHASEMERGEDASATOPVACATIONDESTINATIONFORCHINESETHISSUMMER,ALONGWITHTHAILANDSPHUKETISLANDANDTHEMALDIVESARCHIPELAGOENCOURAGEDBYGROWTHINCHINESETRAVELERSTOINDONESIA,THEGOVERNMENTINJAKARTAHASRECENTLYRELAXEDITSVISAPOLICYSINCEJUNE10,CHINESETOURISTSCANENTERINDONESIATHROUGHNINEAPPOINTEDLOCATIONS,INCLUDINGTHESOEKARNOHATTAINTERNATIONALAIRPORTINJAKARTA,THENGURAHRAIINTERNATIONALAIRPORTINBALIANDTHEKUALANAMUINTERNATIONALAIRPORTINMEDAN,BYJUSTGETTINGTHEIRPASSPORTSSTAMPEDONARRIVALOFFICIALLY,ITISCALLEDTHE“FREEVISA“SCHEMETHENEWPOLICYALSOMEANSCHINESETOURISTSCANSAVE35ONVISAFEES,WHICHWILLLIKELYMAKETRIPSTOINDONESIAMOREALLURINGWHILESUCHANARRANGEMENTALLOWSCHINESEVISITORSTOSTAYUPTO30DAYSFORTHEPURPOSEOFTRAVELING,THOSESEEKINGEXTENSIONSWILLNEEDTOGETPAIDVISASFROMTHATCOUNTRYSMISSIONSINBEIJING,SHANGHAI,GUANGZHOUORHONGKONG,ACCORDINGTOANOFFICIALATTHEINDONESIAEMBASSYINBEIJINGSANTODARMOSUMARTO,HEADOFTHEEMBASSYSINFORMATION,SOCIALANDCULTURALSECTION,SAYSTHENEWPOLICYISAIMEDATSTRENGTHENINGPEOPLETOPEOPLECONTACTSBETWEENTHETWOCOUNTRIESDAIYU,MARKETINGDIRECTOROFCTRIP,AMAJORCHINESEONLINETRAVELAGENCY,SAYS“WEVESEENANEARLY50PERCENTGROWTHOVERTHEPREVIOUSMONTHINTHENUMBEROFCHINESETOURISTSTOBALISINCETHEPOLICYWASANNOUNCED“DURINGHISTRIPTOCHINAINMARCH,INDONESIANPRESIDENTJOKOWIDODOPROPOSEDTHATHISCOUNTRYANDCHINAAIMTOINCREASETWOWAYVISITSTOAMAXIMUMOF10MILLIONPEOPLEINTHENEXTFEWYEARSTHEINDONESIANGOVERNMENTHASSETTHEIRSIGHTSONGREETING2MILLIONCHINESETOURISTSBYTHEENDOFTHISYEAR,ACCORDINGTOTHEOFFICIAL“THEINDONESIANGOVERNMENTHOPESTHATINDONESIANNATIONALSWOULDALSOBEGIVENPREFERENTIALTREATMENTWHILEVISITINGCHINA,“SAYSDARMOSUMARTOIN2013,THENUMBEROFCHINESETOURISTSWHOVISITEDINDONESIASTOODAROUND807,000LASTYEAR,ITINCREASEDTO959,000,HEADDSBALIREMAINSTHEMOSTPOPULARSITEAMONGCHINESETOURISTSINFEBRUARY,MORETHAN92,200CHINESETOURISTSMADETRIPSTOBALI,RANKINGFIRSTAMONGOVERSEASVISITORS,THEBALITIMESREPORTEDLASTYEAR,THEISLANDWITNESSEDMORETHAN58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