基于三维设计的系列专用夹具设计_毕业设计任务书

毕业设计任务书专业机械设计制造及其自动化班级091姓名下发日期20130301题目基于三维设计的系列专用夹具设计专题机床夹具设计主要内容及要求本设计的目的加工工艺的水平，从某种程度上来说决定制造的水平，它是提高产品质量的重要保证。因此，零件的加工工艺设计和工艺装备的设计又是制造过程的重要组成部分。重点需要解决的问题是进行高水平的工艺设计，设计出定位精度高、加紧可靠而又方便制造的夹具。要求设计出车床、铣床等至少两种夹具。主要技术参数主要数据为1零件图或工序图上的技术要求；2零件的生产纲领中批量生产。进度及完成日期4月1日4月15日翻译外文资料，搜集相关设计资料。4月16日5月8日认真分析加工零件的结构特点，分析主要加工表面的表面精度、尺寸精度和其他面的相互位置精度，定出该零件的设计夹具的工序。5月9日5月26日设计并绘制出机床夹具装配图。5日27日6月02日设计并绘制夹具零件图。6日03日6月15日整理设计结果，撰写设计说明书（注设计说明书的大部分是穿插在上述内容中进行的）。系主任签字日期教研室主任签字日期指导教师签字日期指导教师评语指导教师年月日毕业设计评阅意见表设计题目机床专用夹具设计评分评价项目评价标准（A级）满分ABCDE109876文献资料利用能力能独立地利用多种方式查阅中外文献；能正确翻译外文资料；能正确有效地利用各种规范、设计手册等。10192017181516131412综合运用能力研究方案设计合理；设计方法科学；技术线路先进可行；理论分析和计算正确；动手能力强；能独立完成设计；能综合运用所学知识发现和解决实际问题；研究结果客观真实。20374032362831252724设计质量设计结构严谨；逻辑性强；语言文字表准确流畅；格式、图、表规范；有一定的学术水平或实际价值401513141112109创新能力有较强的创新意识；所做工作有较大突破；设计有独到见解151513141112109工作量工作量饱满；圆满完成了任务书所规定的各项任务。15总分是否同意将该设计提交答辩是（）否（具体评阅及修改意见评阅人年月日注1请按照A级标准，评出设计各项目的具体得分，并填写在相应项目的评分栏中；2计算出总分。若总分100931N。故本夹具可安全工作。534定位误差分析铣削力与夹紧力计算定位孔与定位心轴的配合尺寸取为25F6（在夹具上标出定位心轴配合尺寸25F6）。对于工序尺寸11MM而言，定位基准与工序基准重合，基准不重合误差为0，基准位移误差为0027MM，所以定位误BJ差0027MM，而加工尺寸16MM的公差为012MM，所以，DBJ0120027/3004,因此定位方案合理。535定向键与对刀装置设计1、定位键定向键是夹具与机床的联接元件，用来确定夹具与机床工作台之间正确位置。定位键一般使用两个（其距离应尽可能布置得远些），分辨用螺钉紧固在夹具体底面的同一直线位置的键槽中，其下半部分的两侧面与铣床工作台T形槽的配合，使夹具上定位元件的工作表面对于工作台的送进方向具有正确的位置。定向键可承受铣削时产生的扭转力矩，可减轻夹紧夹具的螺栓的负荷，加强夹具在加工中的稳固性。根据参考文献2表642JB80161999定向键结构如图图53定向键JB80161999及其与机床连接示意图根据T形槽的宽度A14MM定向键的结构尺寸如表表51定向键尺寸B夹具体槽尺寸2HH2B公称尺寸极限偏差H6极限偏差H8LHHD1公称尺寸极限偏差H7螺钉GB6520001400011000272085710140013410M5122、对刀装置对刀装置由对刀块和塞尺组成，其中对刀块用来确定刀具与夹具的相对位置。对刀必须通过塞尺来确定刀具的位置，以免划伤对刀块的工作表面。对刀块为单独的元件，用销钉和螺钉装夹在夹具体便于操作的位置上。常见的标准对刀块有圆形对刀块，用于加工单一平面时对刀；方型对刀块用于调整组合铣刀位置时对刀；直角对刀块用于加工两相互垂直面或铣槽时对刀；侧装对刀块它安装在夹具体侧面，用于加工两相互垂直面或铣槽时对刀。常用的塞尺有15MM的平塞尺和工作直径为3MM和5MM的圆柱塞尺两类。其公差均按H8制造。对刀时，铣刀不能与对刀块的工作表面直接接触，以免损坏切削刃或造成对刀块过早磨损，而应通过塞尺来校准它们之间的相对位置，即将塞尺放在刀具与对刀块工作表面之间。采用直角对刀块及平塞尺对刀。确定对刀块的对刀面与定位元件定位表面之间的尺寸，水平方向尺寸为16/2槽宽一般尺寸3（塞尺厚度尺寸）11MM,其公差取工件相应尺寸公差的1/3。槽宽尺寸为16MM，则水平尺寸公差取（1/3X012）MM004MM，对称标注为012（11002）MM，同理确定垂直方向尺寸为8（槽底尺寸）3（塞尺厚度尺寸）5MM,槽底长度为自由尺寸，查公差表IT11级公差值为009MM，则水平尺寸公差取（1/3X009）MM003MM，确定垂直方向尺寸为（5003）MM。由于本工序是完成此拨叉的槽粗、精铣加工，所以选用直角对刀块。根据JB/T80441999直角对刀块的结构和尺寸如图。塞尺选用平塞尺，其结构如图所示表52塞尺尺寸公称尺寸H允差DC30006025夹具上所装的对刀块，可使夹具在一批零件的加工前很好地对刀（与塞尺配合使用）；同时，夹具体底面上的一对定位键可使整个夹具在机床工作台上有一个正确的安装位置，有利于铣削加工。参考文献2选用直角对刀块，其结构尺寸如图所示图54直角对刀块GB224180A型塞尺选用平塞尺，其结构如图所示图55平塞尺JB/T8032119993、夹具体的设计由于铣削时的切削力较大，因此，铣床夹具的夹具体不仅要有足够的刚度和强度，其高度和宽度之比也应恰当，一般为H/B1125以降低夹具的重心，使工件的加工表面尽量靠近工作台面，提高加工时夹具的稳定性。536绘制夹具总装图用点化线划出工件的轮廓和主要表面，主要表面是指定位基准面。夹紧表面和被加工表面总装配图上所绘制的工件视为假想的透明体，因此不影响其他元件的绘制。然后按定位元件、对刀引导元件、夹紧机构传动装置为顺序画出各图的具体结构，最后画夹紧件。图56连接螺栓图57定位长圆柱销图58压紧螺母图59连接螺栓图510菱形销螺栓图511菱形销512定位键图513压块机构图514手动螺旋压紧机构、图515夹具体底座图516夹具装配图结论基于三维的的系列专用夹具毕业设计即将结束。回顾整个过程，经过老师和同学的帮助，还有自己不懈的努力，终于及时定量的完成了这次毕业设计。毕业设计在机械制造与自动化专业中使得理论与实践结合，对理论知识加深了理解，同时也使我们对生产实习的理解和认识得到了强化。本次毕业设计主要是基于三维的专用夹具设计。机械夹具设计的运用了工件定位、夹紧机构等知识。通过此次设计，使我基本掌握了零件的加工过程分析、工艺文件的编制、专用夹具设计的方法和步骤等。学会了查相关手册、选择使用工艺装备等等。本次设计还存在很多不足之处。由于对知识的掌握不够扎实，在设计过程中不能全面地考虑问题。仍需要进一步研究和实践。这次设计，让我对基本理论的综合运用及正确解决实际问题等方面得到了一次较好的训练。提高了思考、解决问题，创新设计的能力。为以后的设计工作打下了较好基础。本设计存在很多不足之处，最后恳请各位老师批评指正致谢通过这一阶段的努力，我的毕业设计说明书青岛理工大学毕业设计终于完成了。在大学阶段，我在学习上和思想上都受益非浅，这除了自身的努力外，与各位老师、同学和朋友的关心、支持和鼓励是分不开的。写作毕业论文是再一次系统学习的过程，毕业论文的完成，同样也意味着新的学习生活的开始。在本论文的写作过程中，AAA老师和BBB老师倾注了大量的心血，我非常感谢AAA老师和BBB老师在我大学的最后学习阶段毕业设计阶段给予我的指导，从最初的定题，到资料收集，到写作、修改，到论文定稿，他们一遍又一遍地指出设计中的具体问题，严格把关，循循善诱，他们给了我耐心的指导和无私的帮助。为了指导我的毕业论文，他们在百忙的工作中安排时间，他们的这种敬业奉献的精神令人钦佩，在此我向AAA老师和BBB老师表示我诚挚的谢意。同时，感谢所有任课老师和所有同学在这四年来给自己的指导和帮助，是他们教会了我专业知识，教会了我如何学习，教会了我如何做人。正是由于他们，我才能在各方面取得显著的进步，在此向他们表示我由衷的谢意，并祝所有的老师培养出越来越多的优秀人才，桃李满天下参考文献1朱诗顺,骆素君机械课程设计简明手册北京化学工业出版,20112王先奎,李旦主编机械加工工艺手册北京机械工业出版社,20063王先奎，孙凤池机械加工工艺手册第二卷加工技术卷北京机械工业出版社,20064叶伟昌机械工程及自动化简明设计手册北京机械工业出版社,20015李洪机械加工工艺手册M北京出版社，19966徐鸿本机床夹具设计手册M辽宁科学技术出版社，20037朱冬梅，胥北澜,何建英画法几何及机械制图6版，北京高等教育出版社,20088王光斗，王春福机床夹具设计手册M上海科学技术出版社，20009黄继昌，徐巧鱼，张海贵实用机构图册机械工业出版社，200810于惠力，冯新敏新编实用紧固件手册北京机械工业出版社，201111陈宏钧实用金属切削手册M机械工业出版社，200512上海市金属切削技术协会金属切削手册M上海科学技术出版社，200213MACHINECLASSIFICATIONANDPOSEFIXTUREPRENFICEHALL,INC2002TH414MLV，XYANGDESIGNANDMANUFACTUREOFASHAVINGCUTTERWITHUNEQUALDEPTHGASHESJOURNALOFMATERIALSPROCESSINGTECHNOLOGY1292002193195附录1外文资料MACHINECLASSIFICATIONANDPOSEFIXTURE1FIXTUREINTHEROLEOFMACHININGWORKPIECECLAMPINGFIXTUREISAKINDOFPROCESSEQUIPMENT,ITISWIDELYUSEDINMECHANICALMACHININGOFTHEMANUFACTURINGPROCESS,HEATTREATMENT,ASSEMBLY,WELDINGANDTESTINGPROCESSESINTHEUSEOFMETALCUTTINGMACHINETOOLSCOLLECTIVELYREFERREDTOASTHEJIGFIXTURENAMODERNPRODUCTIONMACHINEISANINDISPENSABLEFIXTUREOFTHEPROCESSEQUIPMENT,MACHININGOFTHEWORKPIECE,THEPROCESSINGREQUIREMENTSINORDERTOENSUREFIRSTOFALLTOTHEWORKPIECEANDMACHINETOOLRELATIVETOACORRECTPOSITION,ANDTHISLOCATIONDURINGPROCESSINGDOSENOTCHANGETHEIMPACTOFEXTERNALFORCESTOTHISEND,DURINGTHEPREMACHINING,WORKPIECECLAMPINGMUSTBEGOODTHEREARETWOWAYSTOCLAMPWORKPIECEONEISDIRECTLYCLAMPINGTHEWORKPIECEINTHEMACHINETABLEORONTHECHUCKTHEOTHERISTHEWORKPIECEINTHEFIXTUREONTHEFIXTURETHEFIRSTMETHODUSEDWHENTHEWORKPIECECLAMPING,THEGENERALDESIGNREQUIREMENTSHAVETOPRESSLINESINTHESURFACETODRAWTHESIZEANDLOCATION,CLAMPING,ORWHENTHENEEDLEISZONEDDIALINDICATORTOFINDISAFTERTHECLAMPINGTHISM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