运输在物流链中的作用 外文文献

THEROLEOFTRANSPORTATIONINLOGISTICSCHAINYUNGYUTSENGPHDCANDIDATETRANSPORTSYSTEMSCENTREUNIVERSITYOFSOUTHAUSTRALIAGPOBOX2471ADELAIDE,SOUTHAUSTRALIA5001AUSTRALIAFAX61883021880EMAILYUNGYUTSENGUNISAEDUAUWENLONGYUEPROGRAMDIRECTORTRANSPORTSYSTEMSCENTREUNIVERSITYOFSOUTHAUSTRALIAGPOBOX2471ADELAIDE,SOUTHAUSTRALIA5001AUSTRALIAFAX61883021880EMAILWENYUEUNISAEDUAUMICHAELAPTAYLORDIRECTORTRANSPORTSYSTEMSCENTREUNIVERSITYOFSOUTHAUSTRALIAGPOBOX2471ADELAIDE,SOUTHAUSTRALIA5001AUSTRALIAFAX61883021880EMAILMICHAELTAYLORUNISAEDUAUABSTRACTTHEOPERATIONOFTRANSPORTATIONDETERMINESTHEEFFICIENCYOFMOVINGPRODUCTSTHEPROGRESSINTECHNIQUESANDMANAGEMENTPRINCIPLESIMPROVESTHEMOVINGLOAD,DELIVERYSPEED,SERVICEQUALITY,OPERATIONCOSTS,THEUSAGEOFFACILITIESANDENERGYSAVINGTRANSPORTATIONTAKESACRUCIALPARTINTHEMANIPULATIONOFLOGISTICREVIEWINGTHECURRENTCONDITION,ASTRONGSYSTEMNEEDSACLEARFRAMEOFLOGISTICSANDAPROPERTRANSPORTIMPLEMENTSANDTECHNIQUESTOLINKTHEPRODUCINGPROCEDURESTHEOBJECTIVEOFTHEPAPERISTODEFINETHEROLEOFTRANSPORTATIONINLOGISTICSFORTHEREFERENCEOFFURTHERIMPROVEMENTTHERESEARCHWASUNDERTAKENTOASSISTLOGISTICSMANAGERS,RESEARCHERSANDTRANSPORTATIONPLANNERSTODEFINEANDCOMPREHENDTHEBASICVIEWSOFLOGISTICSANDITSVARIOUSAPPLICATIONSANDTHERELATIONSHIPSBETWEENLOGISTICSANDTRANSPORTATIONKEYWORDSLOGISTICS,TRANSPORTATION,CITYLOGISTICS1INTRODUCTIONSINCELOGISTICSADVANCEDFROM1950S,THEREWERENUMEROUSRESEARCHESFOCUSEDONTHISAREAINDIFFERENTAPPLICATIONSDUETOTHETRENDOFNATIONALISATIONANDGLOBALISATIONINRECENTDECADES,THEIMPORTANCEOFLOGISTICSMANAGEMENTHASBEENGROWINGINVARIOUSAREASFORINDUSTRIES,LOGISTICSHELPSTOOPTIMISETHEEXISTINGPRODUCTIONANDDISTRIBUTIONPROCESSESBASEDONTHESAMERESOURCESTHROUGHMANAGEMENTTECHNIQUESFORPROMOTINGTHEEFFICIENCYANDCOMPETITIVENESSOFENTERPRISESTHEKEYELEMENTINALOGISTICSCHAINISTRANSPORTATIONSYSTEM,WHICHJOINTSTHESEPARATEDACTIVITIESTRANSPORTATIONOCCUPIESONETHIRDOFTHEAMOUNTINTHELOGISTICSCOSTSANDTRANSPORTATIONSYSTEMSINFLUENCETHEPERFORMANCEOFLOGISTICSSYSTEMHUGELYTRANSPORTINGISREQUIREDINTHEWHOLEPRODUCTIONPROCEDURES,FROMMANUFACTURINGTODELIVERYTOTHEFINALCONSUMERSANDRETURNSONLYAGOODCOORDINATIONBETWEENEACHCOMPONENTWOULDBRINGTHEBENEFITSTOAMAXIMUMTHEPURPOSEOFTHISPAPERISTORECLARIFYANDREDEFINETHEPOSITIONRELATIONSHIPBETWEENTRANSPORTATIONANDLOGISTICSSYSTEMSTHROUGHCOLLECTINGANDANALYSINGVARIOUSAPPLICATIONPROCEEDINGSOFTHEEASTERNASIASOCIETYFORTRANSPORTATIONSTUDIES,VOL5,PP16571672,20051657CASESANDPRACTICESINLOGISTICSFROMLITERATURESITISTOPROVIDEAGENERALFRAMEWORKANDEXPECTTOBEREFERREDFORFURTHERDEVELOPMENTANDRESEARCHESTHEPAPERSTARTEDFROMINTRODUCINGTHEDEVELOPMENTOFLOGISTICSANDTRANSPORTRELATEDSECTORSBASEDONAHISTORICALREVIEWAFTERWARDSITDISCUSSEDTHEINTERRELATIONSHIPSOFTRANSPORTATIONANDLOGISTICSITEXPRESSESTHEBENEFITSTHATTRANSPORTATIONBRINGSTOLOGISTICSACTIVITIESANDVICEVERSAFORINSTANCETHEINCREASEOFTHEEFFICIENCYOFLOGISTICSALSOWOULDBESTEADTORELEASETRAFFICLOADINTHEURBANAREASFURTHERMORE,SOMEMAJORLOGISTICSACTIVITIESANDCONCEPTSWEREALSODISCUSSEDINTHISPAPERITESPECIALLYPRESENTSCITYLOGISTICSINDEPENDENTLYDUETOITISCONSIDEREDASAMAINTENDENCYANDANAVAILABLEMETHODOFFUTUREINTEGRATIONOFTRANSPORTANDLOGISTICSINTHEURBANAREASFINALLY,THISPAPERWILLDISCUSSANDCONCLUDETHEPOTENTIALFURTHERDEVELOPMENTOFLOGISTICSSYSTEMS2OVERVIEWOFLOGISTICS21DEFINITIONSCOUNCILOFLOGISTICSMANAGEMENT1991DEFINEDTHATLOGISTICSISPARTOFTHESUPPLYCHAINPROCESSTHATPLANS,IMPLEMENTS,ANDCONTROLSTHEEFFICIENT,EFFECTIVEFORWARDANDREVERSEFLOWANDSTORAGEOFGOODS,SERVICES,ANDRELATEDINFORMATIONBETWEENTHEPOINTOFORIGINANDTHEPOINTOFCONSUMPTIONINORDERTOMEETCUSTOMERSREQUIREMENTSJOHNSONANDWOODSDEFINITIONCITEDINTILANUS,1997USESFIVEIMPORTANTKEYTERMS,WHICHARELOGISTICS,INBOUNDLOGISTICS,MATERIALSMANAGEMENT,PHYSICALDISTRIBUTION,ANDSUPPLYCHAINMANAGEMENT,TOINTERPRETLOGISTICSDESCRIBESTHEENTIREPROCESSOFMATERIALSANDPRODUCTSMOVINGINTO,THROUGH,ANDOUTOFFIRMINBOUNDLOGISTICSCOVERSTHEMOVEMENTOFMATERIALRECEIVEDFROMSUPPLIERSMATERIALSMANAGEMENTDESCRIBESTHEMOVEMENTOFMATERIALSANDCOMPONENTSWITHINAFIRMPHYSICALDISTRIBUTIONREFERSTOTHEMOVEMENTOFGOODSOUTWARDFROMTHEENDOFTHEASSEMBLYLINETOTHECUSTOMERFINALLY,SUPPLYCHAINMANAGEMENTISSOMEWHATLARGERTHANLOGISTICS,ANDITLINKSLOGISTICSMOREDIRECTLYWITHTHEUSERSTOTALCOMMUNICATIONSNETWORKANDWITHTHEFIRMSENGINEERINGSTAFFTHECOMMONALITYOFTHERECENTDEFINITIONSISTHATLOGISTICSISAPROCESSOFMOVINGANDHANDLINGGOODSANDMATERIALS,FROMTHEBEGINNINGTOTHEENDOFTHEPRODUCTION,SALEPROCESSANDWASTEDISPOSAL,TOSATISFYCUSTOMERSANDADDBUSINESSCOMPETITIVENESSITISTHEPROCESSOFANTICIPATINGCUSTOMERNEEDSANDWANTSACQUIRINGTHECAPITAL,MATERIALS,PEOPLE,TECHNOLOGIES,ANDINFORMATIONNECESSARYTOMEETTHOSENEEDSANDWANTSOPTIMISINGTHEGOODSORSERVICEPRODUCINGNETWORKTOFULFILCUSTOMERREQUESTSANDUTILIZINGTHENETWORKTOFULFILCUSTOMERREQUESTSINATIMELYWAYTILANUS,1997SIMPLYTOSAY,LOGISTICSISCUSTOMERORIENTEDOPERATIONMANAGEMENT22COMPONENTSOFLOGISTICSSYSTEMFIGURE1PROVIDESANOVERVIEWOFTHELOGISTICSSYSTEMLOGISTICSSERVICES,INFORMATIONSYSTEMSANDINFRASTRUCTURE/RESOURCESARETHETHREECOMPONENTSOFTHISSYSTEMANDCLOSELYLINKEDTHEINTERACTIONOFTHETHREEMAINCOMPONENTSINTHELOGISTICSSYSTEMISINTERPRETEDASFOLLOWSLOGISTICSSERVICESSUPPORTTHEMOVEMENTOFMATERIALSANDPRODUCT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